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中考英语句型背不完? 198条里最常考的60条: 六大类骨架+TOP8句型卡+时态轴
句型速查 · 2026秋新教材同步
中考英语句型背不完?
198条里最常考的60条:
六大类骨架+TOP8句型卡+时态轴
2026 年秋季学期,人教版初中英语新教材已在七、八、九三个年级全覆盖:初中词汇量从 1600 扩到 2000+,九年级改为上下册,宾语从句、定语从句依旧是九上的核心语法。教材在变,但句型骨架没有变——变的是考察方式更语境化。
网传的 198 条中考高频句型(常被叫做"350 句型")确实值得背,但一口气吞下去只会消化不良。这篇把它拆成六大类骨架图+每类 TOP8 句型卡+一条时态时间轴+四组易错对照,精选约 60 条(节选自 198 条高频句型),每条都带"公式+例句+考点提醒"。
1六大类句型骨架图:先搭骨架,再填血肉
① 基础句型(be 动词与主谓宾)——一切句型的地基 | There be | 特殊疑问词 | 否定与疑问
② 高频时态——动词形态的八种变化 | 进行时 | 完成时+for/since | 主将从现
③ 比较等级——形容词副词的句式库 | than | as...as | 最高级三件套
④ 状语从句——时间、条件、原因、目的 | when/unless | so that | so...that
⑤ 宾语从句——三大从句之一:陈述语序是命门 | that/whether | 否定前移 | 时态呼应
⑥ 定语从句——三大从句之二:盯紧先行词 | who/which/that | 关系副词 | 只能用 that 的四种情况
顺序就是学习顺序:①②打底 → ③铺路 → ④⑤⑥综合,中考书面表达和语法填空全在里面。
2每类 TOP8 句型卡:公式+例句+考点提醒
①-1 be 句型|主语+be+表语
例:She is a doctor.
考点:be 随人称与时态变化(am/is/are/was/were)。
①-2 There be 存在句|There is/are+名词+地点
例:There is a map on the wall.
考点:就近原则——There is a pen and two books on the desk.
①-3 一般现在时否定/疑问|don't/doesn't+动词原形
例:He doesn't like coffee.
考点:三单用 doesn't,后面的动词要还原。
①-4 一般过去时否定/疑问|didn't+动词原形/Did+主语+动词原形
例:Did you go to the park yesterday?
考点:借了 did,动词就脱下过去式外衣。
①-5 What 特殊疑问句|What+be/助动词+…
例:What do you do?(问职业)
考点:what 既问物,也问职业,别答"Fine"。
①-6 What...like?|What+be+主语+like
例:What's the weather like today?
考点:问性质特征;此处 like 是介词。
①-7 look like 问外貌|What+do/does+主语+look like
例:What does your brother look like?
考点:问外貌用 look like;问性格品质才用 What...like。
①-8 how old / how many / how much|疑问词组+…
例:How much is the T-shirt?
考点:how much 问价格与不可数量;how many+可数名词复数。
②-1 现在进行时|be+doing
例:Listen! Someone is singing.
考点:Look! / Listen! / now 是信号弹。
②-2 过去进行时|was/were+doing
例:I was doing homework at eight last night.
考点:常与 when 从句搭配,长动作被打断。
②-3 一般将来时|will / be going to+动词原形
例:It is going to rain.
考点:be going to 重计划与迹象,will 重临时决定。
②-4 现在完成时+for/since|have/has+done
例:We have known each other for ten years.
考点:非延续性动词不能和 for/since 连用,改写为 have been in...。
②-5 It is/has been...since|It is+时间段+since 从句
例:It is two years since we met.
考点:since 从句用一般过去时。
②-6 过去完成时|had+done
例:The train had left when I arrived.
考点:表示"过去的过去",常与 by the time 连用。
②-7 主将从现|if/when/as soon as 从句用一般现在表将来
例:If it rains, we will stay at home.
考点:主句用将来,从句必须"留在现在"。
②-8 used to do|used to+动词原形
例:He used to smoke.
考点:只谈过去习惯;与 be used to doing 的区别见易错区。
③-1 比较级+than|A+比较级+than+B
例:This room is bigger than that one.
考点:than 后接代词有坑,见易错区。
③-2 越来越|比较级+and+比较级
例:The city is becoming more and more beautiful.
考点:多音节词用 more and more,不能叠 and。
③-3 越…越…|the+比较级…, the+比较级…
例:The harder you work, the better grades you get.
考点:两个分句结构必须对称。
③-4 两者中较…的那个|the+比较级+of the two
例:He is the taller of the two brothers.
考点:范围只有两个,比较级也要加 the。
③-5 比其他任何都…|比较级+than any other+单数名词
例:Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.
考点:other 后用单数;比较范围含自身时必须加 other。
③-6 同级比较|as...as / not as(so)...as
例:She runs as fast as her sister.
考点:中间放原级,不放比较级。
③-7 最高级+in/of|the+最高级+范围
例:Li Lei is the tallest in our class.
考点:in+集体范围,of+同类个体。
③-8 最…之一|one of the+最高级+复数名词
例:It is one of the most interesting books.
考点:of 后必须是复数,谓语用单数。
④-1 when / while / as|时间从句
例:While I was reading, he came in.
考点:while 偏延续动作,when 时间点段皆可。
④-2 as soon as|一…就…
例:I will call you as soon as I arrive.
考点:主将从现的常客。
④-3 not...until|直到…才…
例:He didn't go to bed until his mother came back.
考点:until 前用否定,动词多为非延续性。
④-4 if / unless|条件从句
例:You will fail unless you work hard.
考点:unless=if...not,同样遵守主将从现。
④-5 so...that / such...that|如此…以至于…
例:The box is so heavy that I can't lift it.
考点:so+形容词/副词,such+名词短语。
④-6 so that / in order that|目的从句
例:He got up early so that he could catch the bus.
考点:目的从句常配 can/could/may。
④-7 because / since / as / now that|原因从句
例:Since everyone is here, let's begin.
考点:because 不与 so 连用,一句只能选一头。
④-8 no matter what / how|无论…
例:No matter how hard it is, I will try.
考点:=whatever/however;how/what 要紧贴它修饰的词。
⑤-1 that 引导的宾语从句|主语+谓语+that 从句
例:I believe that you are right.
考点:that 可省略;从句一律陈述语序。
⑤-2 否定前移|I don't think (that)…
例:I don't think he is right.
考点:think/believe 的否定移到主句,翻译时"我认为他不……"。
⑤-3 be sure/afraid/sorry/glad that|形容词+that 从句
例:I'm afraid that I can't come.
考点:这些形容词后直接接 that 从句。
⑤-4 wonder if/whether|想知道是否…
例:I wonder if it will rain.
考点:由一般疑问句变来,语序改陈述。
⑤-5 whether...or not|是否
例:I don't know whether he will come or not.
考点:介词之后只能用 whether。
⑤-6 特殊疑问词引导|疑问词+陈述语序
例:Do you know where he lives?
考点:忘记改陈述语序是中考第一大坑。
⑤-7 主从句时态呼应|主过从过,主现从任意
例:He said he would help me.
考点:客观真理永远用一般现在时。
⑤-8 find/think/feel it+adj+to do|形式宾语句
例:I find it hard to learn English well.
考点:it 占位,真正的宾语是不定式。
⑥-1 who/that 指人作主语|先行词(人)+who/that+从句
例:The man who is talking is my teacher.
考点:从句谓语与先行词保持数的一致。
⑥-2 whom/who/that 指人作宾语|可省略
例:The girl (whom) I met is my cousin.
考点:关系代词作宾语时可省,作主语不可省。
⑥-3 which/that 指物|先行词(物)+which/that+从句
例:The book which lies on the desk is mine.
考点:which 作从句主语时不能省略。
⑥-4 whose 表所属|先行词+whose+名词
例:I know the boy whose father is a doctor.
考点:whose=of whom(人)/of which(物)。
⑥-5 when/where/why 关系副词|时间/地点/原因先行词
例:This is the school where I studied.
考点:从句不缺主宾时才用关系副词。
⑥-6 介词+which/whom|介词前置结构
例:The pen with which I write is new.
考点:介词后面不能用 that,指人只能 whom。
⑥-7 只能用 that 的情况|最高级/序数词/the only/the very/不定代词/既有人又有物
例:This is the best film that I have ever seen.
考点:速记口诀"两(最)高两序唯一,不定代词人与物"。
⑥-8 非限制性定语从句|逗号+which/who
例:He passed the exam, which made us happy.
考点:which 可指代前面整句话;非限制性从句不能用 that。
以上 48 张句型卡+易错区约 12 条,共精选约 60 条,节选自 198 条中考高频句型。
3一条时态时间轴:把八种时态钉在一条线上
过去完成时had done——"过去的过去",站在过去往回看。
一般过去/过去进行did / was doing——叙述已经发生的事。
过去将来时would do——立足过去看未来(宾语从句常客)。
一般现在/现在进行do / am doing——当下正在发生或经常发生。
现在完成时have done——把过去和现在连起来的桥,配 for/since。
一般将来时will do / be going to——还没发生;条件时间从句里"主将从现"。
4四组易错对照:扣分都扣在这些细节上
易错① used to 三兄弟
used to do=过去常常做(现在不做了)|He used to get up late.
be used to doing=习惯于做|He is used to getting up early.
be used to do=被用来做|Wood is used to make paper.
辨析钥匙:to 后面接动词原形=过去习惯;接 doing=习惯;被动语态+to do=用途。
易错② "四花费"各回各家
spend:人作主语|spend+时间/钱+on sth./(in) doing sth.
pay:人作主语|pay+钱+for sth.
cost:物作主语|The book cost me 20 yuan.
take:It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.
主语一错全错:cost 和 take 永远不能让人作主语。
易错③ 比较级 than 后接代词
口语里 than me 能听懂;规范书面语更稳的是 than I(do)。
正:She is taller than I am./She runs faster than I do.
考试策略:than 后面直接补一个完整小句,永远不失分。
易错④ that/which 怎么选
只能用 that:先行词带最高级、序数词、the only/the very/the same、不定代词(all/everything/nothing)、既有人又有物。
只能用 which:非限制性从句(逗号隔开),以及 which 指代前面整句话。
一句话记忆:越"特殊"越用 that,越"松散"(逗号)越用 which。
560 条怎么背:三轮复习法
第一轮:只看骨架图,口头复述每类"管什么",说不出的类别回到句型卡。
第二轮:逐张过句型卡,遮住例句只看公式,自己造一个新句子再对照。
第三轮:考前只翻易错对照和时间轴——丢分永远丢在细节,不在主干。
句型不是背出来的,
是"公式+例句+坑点"三件套用出来的。
骨架搭好、卡片区翻熟,198 条大表就不难消化。
觉得有用,转给正在备考的同学。
哪条句型让你最头疼?评论区说说。