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初二英语长单词记不住?外研版八上Unit4科技主题词汇|拼读拆解+词形拓展,告别死记硬背

2026-11-14 18:53

哈喽初二的同学们、家长朋友们👋

很多家长跟我说，Unit4这一单元太难了！一大串科技类长单词，字母多、发音绕，孩子背完隔天就忘，完形、词形填空一考就丢分。

online、offline、convenient、technology这些词，既是单元核心，也是期末、中考阅读高频词，辨析题特别爱挖坑。

今天我把本单元全部词汇整理好了：自然拼读拆分、词形变形、联想记忆，搭配高频用法。文末准备了少量自测练习，用来检验背诵效果，家长也可以用来抽查孩子掌握情况。

🔤词汇精讲（单词+词性+汉语，拼读、变形、联想、短语、例句）

digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/ adj.数字的，数码的

✅自然拼读：di-gi-tal，重音在第一音节，g发/dʒ/

✅词形变形：digit n.数字

✅联想记忆：digital camera 数码相机

✅高频短语：digital technology 数字技术

✅例句：We live in a digital world.

shock /ʃɒk/ n.令人震惊的事

✅自然拼读：sh-ock，sh发/ʃ/，ock读/ɒk/

✅词形变形：shocked adj.感到震惊的；shocking adj.令人震惊的

✅联想记忆：shake（摇晃）→shock（震惊，内心震动）

✅高频短语：a great shock 一件令人震惊的事

✅例句：The news was a big shock to us.

century /ˈsentʃəri/ n.世纪

✅自然拼读：cen-tu-ry，重音首音节，ch读/tʃ/

✅词形变形：centuries（复数）

✅联想记忆：cent 表示“百”，1 century=100 years

✅高频短语：in the 21st century 在21世纪

✅例句：Great changes took place in this century.

ride /raɪd/ v.骑，骑自行车；n.骑车旅行

✅自然拼读：ride，i发/aɪ/

✅词形变形：rode(过去式)，ridden(过去分词)，rider n.骑手

✅联想记忆：ride a bike 骑车

✅高频短语：go for a ride 去兜风

✅例句：I ride my bike to school every day.

shared bike 共享单车

✅自然拼读：shared /ʃeəd/

✅词形变形：share v.分享，共享

✅联想记忆：share（分享）+bike（自行车）

✅高频短语：use shared bikes 使用共享单车

✅例句：Many people like to use shared bikes.

forever /fəˈrevə/ adv.永远；极长的一段时间

✅自然拼读：for-ev-er，重音在第二音节

✅联想记忆：for+ever（一直）→永远

✅高频短语：love forever 永远热爱

✅例句：Nothing lasts forever.

pound /paʊnd/ n.英镑

✅自然拼读：pound，ou读/aʊ/

✅联想记忆：英国货币单位

✅例句：This bag costs ten pounds.

quickly /ˈkwɪkli/ adv.很快，马上

✅自然拼读：quick-ly，重音首音节

✅词形变形：quick adj.快的

✅联想记忆：quick（快的）+ly→副词

✅高频短语：run quickly 跑得快

✅例句：Please answer the question quickly.

pay /peɪ/ v.付款

✅自然拼读：pay，ay读/eɪ/

✅词形变形：paid（过去式/过去分词），payment n.支付

✅联想记忆：pay money 付钱

✅高频短语：pay for 为……付款

✅例句：I will pay for the meal.

smartphone /ˈsmɑːtfəʊn/ n.智能手机

✅自然拼读：smart-phone

✅联想记忆：smart（智能的）+phone（电话）

✅高频短语：use a smartphone 使用智能手机

✅例句：Almost everyone has a smartphone now.

shopkeeper /ˈʃɒpˌkiːpə/ n.店主

✅自然拼读：shop-keep-er

✅联想记忆：shop（商店）+keeper（看管人）

✅例句：The shopkeeper is very friendly.

wallet /ˈwɒlɪt/ n.钱包

✅自然拼读：wal-let

✅联想记忆：放cash现金的小包

✅例句：There is some money in my wallet.

payment /ˈpeɪmənt/ n.支付，付款

✅自然拼读：pay-ment

✅词形变形：pay v.付款

✅联想记忆：pay的名词形式

✅高频短语：mobile payment 移动支付

✅例句：Mobile payment is popular in China.

system /ˈsɪstɪm/ n.系统

✅自然拼读：sys-tem，重音首音节

✅高频短语：a payment system 支付系统

✅例句：This is a new computer system.

cash /kæʃ/ n.现款，现金

✅自然拼读：cash，a读/æ/

✅联想记忆：cash 现金，和online payment线上支付对照记忆

✅高频短语：pay in cash 现金支付

✅例句：I don’t have any cash with me.

as /əz/ conj.因为，由于

✅自然拼读：弱读/əz/，重读/æz/

✅联想记忆：多义词，还可以表示“当……时；作为”

✅例句：He didn’t go out as it rained.

order /ˈɔːdə/ v.点，要（食物或饮料）；n.订单

✅自然拼读：or-der

✅高频短语：order food 点餐；place an order 下订单

✅例句：We can order food on the app.

app /æp/ n.应用程序，应用软件

✅自然拼读：app，a读/æ/

✅联想记忆：application的缩写

✅高频短语：shopping app 购物软件

✅例句：I use this app to order meals.

delivery /dɪˈlɪvəri/ n.递送

✅自然拼读：de-liv-er-y，重音第二音节

✅词形变形：deliver v.递送

✅高频短语：food delivery 外卖配送

✅例句：The delivery will arrive soon.

later /ˈleɪtə/ adv.后来，随后，之后

✅自然拼读：lat-er

✅词形变形：late adj.迟的，晚的

✅联想记忆：late + r → later

✅高频短语：see you later 回头见；a moment later 片刻之后

✅例句：I will call you later.

heat /hiːt/ v.加热，使变热；n.热量

✅自然拼读：heat，ea读/iː/

✅词形变形：hot adj.热的

✅例句：You can heat the food in the oven.

oven /ˈʌvn/ n.烤箱，烤炉

✅自然拼读：ov-en

✅例句：She bakes cakes in the oven.

except /ɪkˈsept/ prep.除……之外

✅自然拼读：ex-cept，重音第二音节

✅联想辨析：except 排除；besides 包含在内

✅例句：Everyone went except Tom.

technology /tekˈnɒlədʒi/ n.科技

✅自然拼读：tec-no-lo-gy，重音第二音节

✅词形变形：technological adj.科技的

✅高频短语：information technology 信息技术

✅例句：Technology changes our life.

more /mɔː/ adv.更，更加，较为

✅自然拼读：more，ore读/ɔː/

✅词形变形：many/much的比较级

✅高频短语：more convenient 更加方便

✅例句：Online shopping is more convenient.

convenient /kənˈviːniənt/ adj.方便的，便利的

✅自然拼读：con-ve-ni-ent，重音第二音节

✅词形变形：convenience n.便利

✅高频短语：It’s convenient to do sth. 做某事很方便

✅例句：It’s convenient to pay by phone.

mobile /ˈməʊbaɪl/ adj.非固定的，移动式的

✅自然拼读：mo-bile

✅高频短语：mobile phone 手机；mobile payment 移动支付

✅例句：Mobile payment is widely used.

online /ˌɒnˈlaɪn/ adj.在线的，联网的

✅自然拼读：on-line

✅联想记忆：on（在上面）+line（线路），反义词 offline

✅高频短语：online shopping 网购

✅例句：We can take online classes.

offline /ˌɒfˈlaɪn/ adj.未联网的，不在线的

✅自然拼读：off-line

✅联想记忆：online的反义词

✅例句：This game can be played offline.

education /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃən/ n.教育

✅自然拼读：e-du-ca-tion，重音第三音节

✅词形变形：educate v.教育；educational adj.有教育意义的

✅高频短语：online education 线上教育

✅例句：Online education helps us learn anytime.

anytime /ˈenitaɪm/ adv.任何时候

✅自然拼读：any-time

✅联想记忆：any（任何）+time（时间）

✅例句：You can ask me questions anytime.

anywhere /ˈeniweə/ adv.任何地方，无论何处，随便哪里

✅自然拼读：any-where

✅联想记忆：any（任何）+where（地点）

✅例句：You can study anywhere with a smartphone.

check /tʃek/ v.检查，核查

✅自然拼读：check，ch读/tʃ/

✅高频短语：check the information 核对信息

✅例句：Please check your answers carefully.

a great deal 充裕，丰富

✅自然拼读：deal /diːl/

✅高频拓展：a great deal of +不可数名词，大量……

✅例句：A great deal of information is online.

via /ˈvaɪə/ prep.通过

✅自然拼读：vi-a

✅同义替换：through

✅例句：We communicate via the Internet.

course /kɔːs/ n.课程

✅自然拼读：course，our读/ɔː/

✅高频短语：online course 线上课程

✅例句：I take an English course online.

teach /tiːtʃ/ v.教

✅自然拼读：teach，ea读/iː/

✅词形变形：taught(过去式)，teacher n.老师

✅高频短语：teach sb. sth. 教某人某物

✅例句：The app can teach us English.

step /step/ n.步骤，措施；v.迈步

✅自然拼读：step，e读/e/

✅高频短语：take steps 采取措施

✅例句：Follow these steps to order food.

even /ˈiːvn/ adv.甚至

✅自然拼读：e-ven

✅例句：He can even speak three languages.

progress /ˈprəʊɡres/ n.进步；进展

✅自然拼读：pro-gress，重音首音节

✅高频短语：make progress 取得进步

✅例句：You will make great progress.

activity /ækˈtɪvəti/ n.活动

✅自然拼读：ac-tiv-i-ty，重音第二音节

✅词形变形：active adj.积极的

✅例句：We take part in many online activities.

advantage /ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ n.好处，优点

✅自然拼读：ad-van-tage，重音第二音节

✅反义词：disadvantage n.缺点

✅高频短语：have the advantage of … 有……优势

✅例句：Online study has many advantages.

effect /ɪˈfekt/ n.效应；影响；结果

✅自然拼读：ef-fect，重音第二音节

✅高频短语：have an effect on 对……产生影响

✅例句：Smartphones have an effect on our life.

be glued to sth 盯着某物看

✅例句：The boy is glued to his smartphone.

charge /tʃɑːdʒ/ v.(使)充电

✅自然拼读：charge，ar读/ɑː/

✅高频短语：charge the phone 给手机充电

✅例句：My phone needs to charge.

real /rɪəl/ adj.实际存在的，非想象的

✅自然拼读：re-al

✅词形变形：really adv.真正地

✅例句：This is a real story.

strange /streɪndʒ/ adj.奇怪的，不寻常的；不可思议的

✅自然拼读：strange，ai读/eɪ/

✅词形变形：strangely adv.奇怪地

✅例句：I heard a strange sound.

still /stɪl/ adj.静止的；不动的；adv.仍然

✅自然拼读：still，i读/ɪ/

✅例句：Please keep still.

just /dʒʌst/ adv.只不过，只是

✅自然拼读：just，u读/ʌ/

✅例句：It’s just a small phone.

away /əˈweɪ/ adv.消失；移走

✅自然拼读：a-way

✅高频短语：go away 走开；far away 遥远

✅例句：The old days are far away.

million /ˈmɪljən/ num.极其庞大的数目；许多，无数

✅自然拼读：mil-lion

✅高频用法：millions of 数百万的

✅例句：Millions of people use shared bikes.

would /wʊd/ v.会（will过去式）

✅自然拼读：would

✅高频句型：would like to do 想要做某事

✅例句：I would like to order food.

anyone /ˈeniwʌn/ pron.有人，任何人

✅自然拼读：any-one

✅联想记忆：any（任何）+one（人）

✅例句：Anyone can join this online class.

person /ˈpɜːsn/ n.人

✅自然拼读：per-son

✅词形变形：personal adj.个人的

✅例句：Every person has a smartphone.

bedroom /ˈbedrʊm/ n.卧室

✅自然拼读：bed-room

✅联想记忆：bed床+room房间

✅例句：I study in my bedroom.

neighbourhood /ˈneɪbəhʊd/ n.社区，住宅小区

✅自然拼读：neigh-bour-hood

✅高频短语：in the neighbourhood 在社区里

✅例句：There are shared bikes in our neighbourhood.

📝 Unit4词汇专项自测

（题型对标中考，难度适中）

一、根据句意及首字母提示补全单词（每空1分，共10分）

We live in a d______ world, almost everything is connected with computers.
You can p______ for the food with your smartphone.
It is c______ to shop online, so many people like it.
Please c______ your answers before handing in your paper.
Online study has many a______, but it also has problems.
Don’t stare at your phone for long. It will have an e______ on your eyes.
We can take online c______ to learn new skills.
You can call me a______, I’m always free.
M______ of people enjoy using mobile payment in China.
I want to o______ some milk on the shopping app.

二、用所给词的适当形式填空（每空1分，共10分）

This is a ______ (shop) app. We can buy fruit on it.
The ______ (pay) system is very easy to use.
It’s ______ (convenience) to use shared bikes.
He was ______ (shock) at the bad news.
Online ______ (educate) is getting more popular.
You can make great ______ (progress) if you keep studying.
There are many ______ (activity) for students online.
The phone needs ______ (charge).
______ (million) of people visit this website every day.
My father is a good ______ (teach).

三、单项选择（每小题1分，共10分）

( )1. —Is this book online?

—No, it is ______.

A. online B. offline C. digital D. real

( )2. We can chat ______ the Internet.

A. via B. for C. pay D. except

( )3. Everyone went to the park ______ Jim, because he was ill.

A. besides B. except C. with D. for

( )4. —What’s the ______ of online shopping?

—It saves much time.

A. advantage B. effect C. step D. shock

( )5. There is ______ information on the Internet.

A. a great deal B. a great deal of

C. millions D. million of

( )6. My mother often tells me ______ my homework carefully.

A. check B. checking C. to check D. checks

( )7. —Would you like ______ some food?

—Yes, I’d love to.

A. order B. to order C. ordering D. ordered

( )8. This story is ______. All of us feel surprised.

A. strange B. convenient C. quick D. mobile

( )9. You can take the class ______. You don’t need to go to school.

A. anywhere B. away C. just D. still

( )10. He is ______ to his phone all day long.

A. glue B. glues C. glued D. gluing

✅参考答案+详细解析

一、首字母填空

digital 解析：digital world 数字世界，符合本单元科技主题。
pay 解析：pay for 固定搭配，意为“为……付款”。
convenient 解析：It is convenient to do sth. 做某事很方便，固定句型。
check 解析：check answers 检查答案，check表示检查、核对。
advantages 解析：many后面加可数名词复数，advantage优点。
effect 解析：have an effect on 固定短语，对……有影响。
courses 解析：online courses 线上课程，many后用复数。
anytime 解析：anytime 任何时候，句意：你随时都可以打给我。
Millions 解析：millions of 数百万的，固定搭配，首字母大写。
order 解析：order food 点餐、订购食物，want to后接动词原形。

二、词形填空

shopping 解析：shopping app 购物软件，动名词作定语。
payment 解析：payment system 支付系统，用名词修饰system。
convenient 解析：It is +adj.+to do，需要形容词，convenience的形容词形式convenient。
shocked 解析：shocked修饰人，表示“感到震惊的”；shocking修饰物。
education 解析：online education线上教育，educate的名词形式。
progress 解析：progress是不可数名词，make progress 取得进步，不变形。
activities 解析：many+可数名词复数，activity变y为i加es。
charging / to be charged 解析：need doing = need to be done，表示“某物需要被……”，手机需要被充电。
Millions 解析：millions of 数百万的，固定词组。
teacher 解析：teach动词“教”，teacher名词“老师”。

三、单项选择

B 解析：online在线的，offline离线的。答句No说明不是线上的，选offline。
A 解析：via介词，意为“通过”，via the Internet 通过网络。
B 解析：except 除……之外（不包含）；besides除……之外还有（包含）。Jim生病没有去，不包含在内，选except。
A 解析：advantage优点；effect影响；step步骤；shock震惊。答句“节省时间”是网购的优点。
B 解析：a great deal of +不可数名词，大量；a great deal后面不加名词；millions of才是正确表达。information不可数名词，选B。
C 解析：固定搭配 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事。
B 解析：would like to do sth. 想要做某事，固定句型。
A 解析：strange奇怪的；后文说我们都很惊讶，对应strange。
A 解析：anywhere任何地方，句意：你可以在任意地方上课，不用去学校。
C 解析：固定短语 be glued to sth. 盯着某物看。