初二英语阅读理解天天练DAY52

DAY 52 / 90

2026.11.12 · 周四

各种职业的人

People and Jobs

词数 225建议用时 6 分钟难度 ★★★☆☆

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Our class talked about jobs today. We learned that many job names come from verbs. A small ending at the back of a word can make a person. The teacher said this trick works for hundreds of words. It made the lesson easy and fun. Now we want to know more about work. Many of us already dream of a job.

First we looked at the suffix -er. It means a person who does something. A person who teaches is a teacher. Someone who works hard is a worker. A farmer grows food on the land. Even a singer or a driver has this ending. These words are easy to remember and spell.

Then we learned the suffix -or. It also names a person, but sounds a bit different. An actor plays roles on the stage. A conductor leads the music in a band. An inventor makes new things from old ideas. We wrote these on green cards. We liked the sound of these words.

Last we met the suffix -ist. An artist makes beautiful pictures for us. A scientist studies the world with care. A pianist plays the piano with feeling. Our teacher smiled at our little book. We now see jobs in a new and happy light. Learning suffixes is like finding a map to many careers. We want to learn even more.

1. Which suffix does the class study first?

A. -er

B. -or

C. -ist

D. -ment

2. In the passage, who leads the music in a band?

A. An actor

B. A conductor

C. A farmer

D. A scientist

3. The word "suffix" in the text means ______.

A. 前缀

B. 词根

C. 音节

D. 后缀

4. What does the writer think about learning suffixes?

A. It is boring and hard

B. It is only for teachers

C. It is like a map to many careers

D. It is useless

5. What is the best title for the passage?

A. People and Jobs: -er, -or and -ist

B. How to Sing a Song

C. My Green Cards

D. The Music Band

1A2B3D4C5A

Q1 · A（细节题）

出处：第二段 “First we looked at the suffix -er”

▍ 抓顺序。第二段开头 First we looked at the suffix -er——先学的是 -er 后缀，A 一致；B -or、C -ist 是后学的，D -ment 文中没讲。

Q2 · B（细节题）

出处：第三段 “A conductor leads the music”

▍ 找人物动作。第三段说 A conductor leads the music in a band——指挥家在乐队里引领音乐，B 一致；A 演员、C 农民、D 科学家都不负责领乐。

Q3 · D（词义猜测）

出处：第二段 “the suffix -er”

▍ 看构词术语。文中 the suffix -er / -or / -ist 都指“后缀”（加在词尾表人），suffix = 后缀，D 正确；A 前缀是 prefix、B 词根、C 音节都不符。

Q4 · C（推断题）

出处：第四段 “like finding a map to many careers”

▍ 抓末段态度。末段说 Learning suffixes is like finding a map to many careers——学后缀像拿到通往许多职业的地图，C 最准；A 无聊、B 只给老师、D 无用都相反。

Q5 · A（主旨题）

出处：首段 “talked about jobs” 贯穿全文

▍ 标题要罩住整篇。全文按 -er/-or/-ist 三类后缀讲“各种职业的人”，A 的 People and Jobs 最全面；B 唱歌、C 绿卡、D 乐队都偏局部。

suffix

/ˈsʌfɪks/

n. 后缀

the suffix -er 后缀 -er

teacher

/ˈtiːtʃə/

n. 教师（teach + -er）

a person who teaches 教书的人

actor

/ˈæktə/

n. 演员（act + -or）

an actor plays 演员表演

artist

/ˈɑːtɪst/

n. 艺术家（art + -ist）

an artist makes 艺术家创作

conductor

/kənˈdʌktə/

n. 指挥；售票员（conduct + -or）

a conductor leads 指挥引领

scientist

/ˈsaɪəntɪst/

n. 科学家（science + -ist）

a scientist studies 科学家研究

By adding -er, -or or -ist to a verb or a root, we can name a person who does that job, so teach becomes teacher and act becomes actor.

翻译：在动词或词根后加上 -er、-or 或 -ist，就能造出“做这份工作的人”的名称，所以 teach 变 teacher、act 变 actor。｜ 今天核心语法——表人后缀构词法（初二扩展，职业词汇批量记）。① -er 最常用：动词 + -er 表“做…的人”（teach→teacher, work→worker, farm→farmer, sing→singer）。② -or 同源：act→actor, conduct→conductor, invent→inventor，多用于较“正式/外来”词。③ -ist 表“家/专家”：art→artist, science→scientist, piano→pianist。④ 易错：同一词根后缀可能固定（✗ teachor → ✓ teacher；✗ acter → ✓ actor），记搭配；-er/-or 常可互换但英语有习惯用法，别乱造。

后缀 -er 表“做…的人”

teach → teacher-er 加在动词后表人，teach→teacher、work→worker、farm→farmer，是最常见的人称后缀。

后缀 -or 表“做…的人”

act → actor-or 也表人，多用于拉丁源词，act→actor、conduct→conductor、invent→inventor。

后缀 -ist 表“…家/专家”

art → artist-ist 表“从事…的人/专家”，art→artist、science→scientist、piano→pianist。

01

后缀 -er 最常用：动词后加 -er 表“做这事的人”，teacher（教）、worker（工作）、farmer（种地）、singer（唱歌）。看到动作先想能不能加 -er。

02

-or 与 -ist 各有地盘：-or 多用于 act→actor、conduct→conductor 等；-ist 表“家/专家”，artist、scientist、pianist。别把 actor 写成 acter。

03

批量记职业词的小技巧：记住“动词/词根 + 表人后缀”这个模具，遇到新职业词先拆后缀猜意思，是初二扩充词汇量的高效办法。

TOMORROW · DAY 53

《房间里的寻物》Finding Things in the Room

话题：房间里的寻物 ｜ 语法点：方位介词 in/on/under/behind/between

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