2026 年成人高考专升本《外语》预测卷

一命题说明先看清这份卷子是什么、不是什么

本卷是预测卷（模拟卷），不是真题，也不是官方命题。题面、答案与解析均依据 2024 版大纲和公开的历年真题规律编写，用于自测、查漏与熟悉节奏。

二考点分布与命题思路略

三第Ⅰ卷 客观题1—60 题，共 125 分 ｜ 每题附答案与解析

作答说明

本卷共 61 题：第 1—60 题为选择题（每题 4 个选项，只有一个最佳答案），第 61 题为短文写作。建议客观题控制在 100 分钟内（语音 4 分钟＋语法词汇 15 分钟＋完形 15 分钟＋阅读 45 分钟＋补全对话 6 分钟＋涂卡 15 分钟），写作 40 分钟，留 10 分钟复核。

本卷已把答案与解析直接排在该题下方（浅底框内）。若想闭卷自测，做题时用纸片把每题下方的解析盖住即可；整卷做完再逐题对照，或翻到本章末的答案速查表核对。

2026 年成人高等学校招生全国统一考试专升本

英　语 · 第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共 125 分）

Ⅰ. 语音知识1—5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分

从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个单词中，选出划线部分读音与其他三个不同的一项。

1. A. head　　B. bread　　C. great　　D. weather

ea 组合答案 C

解析：ea 组合有两大读法：多数读 /e/（head, bread, weather, heavy, ready），少数读 /iː/（meat, leaf, heat, beam）。本题四个词里 head, bread, weather 都是 /e/，只有 great 读 /eɪ/——它是 ea 组合里"读字母本身音"的少数派（同类还有 break）。这是 2025 年真题考过的同一考点（当年考 head / beam / leaf / heat，选 head），本卷只是把"少数派"从 head 换成了 great。

2. A. now　　B. know　　C. grow　　D. slow

ow 组合答案 A

解析：ow 在词尾时通常读 /əʊ/（know, grow, slow, snow, low, window），但 now, how, cow, allow 这一小类读 /aʊ/。本题 B、C、D 都是 /əʊ/，只有 now 读 /aʊ/。记忆抓手：把 now / how / cow 三个词背下来，其余词尾 ow 一律 /əʊ/。这与 2025 年真题的 cow / how / low / now 属完全相同的考点。

3. A. wide　　B. give　　C. find　　D. bike

元音字母开闭音节答案 B

解析：元音字母 i 在开音节（以不发音的 e 结尾，或后接"单个辅音字母 + 元音"）中读字母本身音 /aɪ/，在闭音节（后接辅音字母收尾）中读 /ɪ/。wide, find, bike 都是 /aɪ/；give 是例外，读 /ɪ/。要特别记住两个"例外式高频词"：give（/ɪ/）、live（作"居住"解时读 /lɪv/）。

4. A. thank　　B. thin　　C. three　　D. weather

th 的两种读音答案 D

解析：th 有两个读音：/θ/（清辅音，词首的实词多用它）和 /ð/（浊辅音，出现在 the, this, that, these, those 以及 mother, father, weather, smooth 这类代名词或亲属、常见名词中）。A、B、C 均为 /θ/，weather 的 th 读 /ð/。判断口诀：词首的"实词"读 /θ/，词中或词尾的 th 以及代词读 /ð/。2025 年真题考的是 tooth / smooth / wealth / truth，同一考点。

5. A. wanted　　B. needed　　C. helped　　D. visited

词尾 -ed答案 C

解析：规则动词过去式 -ed 的读法只看原词最后一个音素：① 以 /t/ 或 /d/ 结尾 → 读 /ɪd/（wanted, needed, visited, decided）；② 以清辅音（/p/ /k/ /f/ /s/ /ʃ/ /tʃ/ 等）结尾 → 读 /t/（helped, worked, passed, watched）；③ 以浊辅音或元音结尾 → 读 /d/（played, opened, called）。本题只有 helped 读 /t/。

Ⅱ. 语法与词汇知识6—20 小题，每小题 1 分，共 15 分

从每小题的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，使句子符合语法规则且意思完整。

6. By the time we ______ the station, the train had already left.

• A. reached
• B. have reached
• C. had reached
• D. reach

时态答案 A

解析：先看主句时态，再定从句时态。主句用 had already left（过去完成时），说明"离开"发生在过去某个时间点之前；by the time 引导的从句表示那个"过去的时间点"，用一般过去时。口诀：by the time 从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时（若从句用一般现在时，主句则用将来完成时）。注意不要因为句子里有 had 就误选 C——两个动作不能都用过去完成时，先发生的那个才用。

7. — Where is Tom?　— He ______ to the library. He'll be back in an hour.

• A. has been
• B. has gone
• C. went
• D. is going

时态 · 近义结构答案 B

解析：关键线索是后半句 He'll be back in an hour——"他还没回来"，所以用 has gone to（去了某地，人不在说话处）。区分两组结构：have gone to＝去了（未回）；have been to＝去过（已回）。本题问的是"Tom 现在在哪"，答语说明他不在，故选 B。C 项只是过去式，无法说明"现在仍不在"；D 项与"一小时后回来"的时间逻辑不符。

8. The new hospital ______ next March.

• A. is going to complete
• B. will complete
• C. is going to be completed
• D. has been completed

被动语态答案 C

解析：第一步判断主动还是被动：主语 The new hospital 是"被建成"的，医院不能自己完成自己 → 用被动语态。第二步判断时态：next March 是将来时间 → 一般将来时被动的构成是 will be done 或 be going to be done。被动语态题两步走：先问"主语是被谁怎么样"，再定时间。这是每年必考的题型。

9. I ______ in this city for more than ten years.

• A. live
• B. lived
• C. am living
• D. have lived

时态答案 D

解析：看到 for + 一段时间 就找完成时。for more than ten years 表示从过去持续到现在的一段时间，必须用现在完成时have lived。B 项一般过去时表示"过去住过、现在不一定住"，与"已经住了十多年（还会继续）"不符；C 项现在进行时不能与 for + 时间段 连用。

10. I heard her ______ an English song when I passed by the classroom.

• A. sing
• B. singing
• C. sang
• D. to sing

非谓语 · 宾语补足语答案 B

解析：hear sb. do sth. 表示听到动作的全过程（经常是"听到某人做某事"这一完整事件）；hear sb. doing sth. 表示听到动作正在进行。本题后半句 when I passed by 是"我路过的那一刻"，听到的是"当时正在唱"，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。C 项是谓语形式，不能作宾补；D 项 hear 后不加 to（但在被动语态中要还原为 be heard to do）。

11. ______ from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful than ever.

• A. Seen
• B. Seeing
• C. To see
• D. See

非谓语 · 状语答案 A

解析：非谓语作状语时，先判断它与主句主语的关系。主句主语是 the city，"城市"是被看的（不可能自己看自己）→ 用过去分词表被动。口诀：主动用 doing，被动用 done。试对比：Seeing from the top of the hill, I found the city beautiful.（我"看"，用 Seeing）。C 项表目的，与句意不符。

12. The reason ______ he was late for the meeting was that he had missed the bus.

• A. which
• B. that
• C. why
• D. what

定语从句答案 C

解析：先判断从句缺什么成分：he was late for the meeting 主谓宾齐全，不缺主语也不缺宾语，缺的是状语——先行词是 the reason，所以用关系副词 why（＝for which）。关系词选择三步：① 找先行词（人／物／时间／地点／原因）；② 看从句缺什么成分；③ 缺主语或宾语用关系代词，缺状语用关系副词。why 只修饰 reason，这是唯一搭配。

13. ______ he said at the meeting surprised everyone present.

• A. That
• B. What
• C. Which
• D. It

主语从句答案 B

解析：空格处既要引导主语从句，又要在从句里作 said 的宾语——只有 what（＝the thing that）能同时承担这两个功能。That 引导主语从句时只起连接作用，从句成分必须完整（如 That he passed the exam made us happy.）；which 有"哪一个"的选择含义，此处无选择范围；It 不是连接词，需要搭配 that 才能构成 It surprised everyone that... 的句式。

14. If I ______ you, I would accept the offer without hesitation.

• A. am
• B. was
• C. were
• D. had been

虚拟语气答案 C

解析：先看主句定时间：主句是 would accept，属"与现在事实相反"的虚拟。三种基本时间的构成必须背熟：与现在相反——从句用一般过去时（were / did），主句 would / could / might + do；与过去相反——从句 had done，主句 would have done；与将来相反——从句 were to do / should do，主句 would do。本题从句动词是 be，无论主语是谁，虚拟语气中一律用 were。If I were you 是最高频的固定句式。

15. The doctor suggested that the patient ______ smoking at once.

• A. stops
• B. stopped
• C. would stop
• D. stop

虚拟语气 · 特殊句式答案 D

解析：四个"一坚持、二命令、三建议、四要求"类的动词（insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, demand, require, request, desire）后面接的宾语从句要用虚拟语气：(should) + 动词原形，即 should 常省略，从句动词保持原形，不受主句时态影响。所以本题选 stop。注意区分：suggest 作"建议"解时用虚拟；作"暗示、表明"解时用陈述语气（如 His smile suggested that he was happy.）。

16. — Must I hand in the report today?　— No, you ______. You may give it to me tomorrow.

• A. mustn't
• B. needn't
• C. can't
• D. shouldn't

情态动词答案 B

解析：must 提问时，否定答语一律用 needn't 或 don't have to，表示"不必"；mustn't 的意思是"禁止、绝对不能"，两者不能混用——本题老师说"明天给我也行"，是"不必今天交"，不是"禁止交"。can't 表"不能/不可能"，shouldn't 表"不应该"，都与语境不符。这套答语在补全对话里也会考，属于必背句型。

17. This dictionary is not mine; it's ______.

• A. her
• B. she
• C. hers
• D. herself

代词答案 C

解析：空格要填一个能独立充当主语或表语的名词性物主代词，且 dictionary 是单数、与 she 对应 → hers。形容词性物主代词（my, your, his, her, our, their）只能放在名词前，不能单独使用；名词性物主代词（mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs）可以单用。A 项 her 后面必须跟名词；B 项是主格；D 项是反身代词，句意不通。

18. Let's go for a walk after dinner, ______?

• A. shall we
• B. will you
• C. do we
• D. don't we

反意疑问句答案 A

解析：这是 2025 年真题考过的同一考点。两句必背：Let's..., shall we?（咱们……好吗）；Let us..., will you?（请您让我们……好吗）。区别在于 Let's 包含听话者在内，用 shall we；Let us 不包含听话者，是向对方请求，用 will you。此外，反意疑问句还有三条配套规则：① 前肯后否、前否后肯；② 陈述部分的 never, hardly, little, few, nothing 视为否定；③ I think / I believe + 从句 时，简短问句与从句主谓一致。

19. We must ______ full use of our time to prepare for the exam.

• A. take
• B. do
• C. get
• D. make

词汇 · 固定搭配答案 D

解析：词汇题几乎只考固定搭配，不考生僻词——这也是本部分最省力的地方。make full use of 是固定搭配，意为"充分利用"（注意动词是 make，不是 take）。同族高频搭配一并记下：make use of / make the best of / make sense / make progress / make a living / make a difference / make up one's mind。与之对应，真题还常考 earn pocket money（零花钱）、a strong drink（浓的饮料）这类"用错动词或形容词就全错"的搭配题。

20. The more you practise, ______ you will speak English.

• A. the more fluently
• B. more fluently
• C. the most fluently
• D. the fluently

比较级答案 A

解析：the + 比较级..., the + 比较级... 是固定句式，意为"越……就越……"，两边的 the 都不能省。本题后半句修饰动词 speak，要用副词的比较级the more fluently。记住这个句式的完整形态：The more..., the better...（越多越好）、The harder you work, the more you will get.。C 项是最高级，需要 in / of 限定范围；D 项缺少比较级词形。

Ⅲ. 完形填空21—35 小题，每小题 2 分，共 30 分

阅读下面的短文，从每小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文意思和结构合理、完整。

Tom and the Relay Race

Tom was one of the quietest students in our class. He seldom spoke in public, and few of us noticed him. But one thing that happened last spring completely changed my idea about him.

Our school was going to hold a sports meeting. When the teacher asked 21) ______ wanted to join the 4×100-metre relay race, nobody answered. At last, Tom raised his hand 22) ______.

Every afternoon after class, Tom kept 23) ______ on the playground. He fell down several times, but he never gave 24) ______. "I can't run fast," he said to me, "but I can run 25) ______ than before."

The day of the race came. Our first three runners did quite 26) ______. When the baton （接力棒） reached Tom, we were in the 27) ______ place. Tom ran as 28) ______ as he could. One runner passed him, but Tom did not slow down. Just before the finishing line, he suddenly 29) ______ up and rushed forward. We all held our 30) ______.

Tom finished third. He did not win, but 31) ______ was clear that he had done his best. Everyone 32) ______ for him. At that moment I understood 33) ______ he had practised so hard. He was not running for the prize; he was running to prove something to 34) ______.

From that day on, I have never judged a person 35) ______ the way he looks or the way he talks.

21. A. what　　B. which　　C. whom　　D. who

宾语从句 · 连接代词答案 D

解析：空格所在的从句是 ______ wanted to join the relay race，缺的是主语，而"想参加接力赛的"是人 → 用能作主语且指人的 who。whom 只能作宾语（如 whom did you see），此处不能选；what 不指人；which 需要给定选择范围。这是完形填空里"连接词"最常考的一空：先看从句缺什么成分，再看先行词指人还是指物。

22. A. by mistake　　B. in a hurry　　C. with a smile　　D. in surprise

介词短语答案 C

解析：前文说"没人回答"，接着 At last, Tom raised his hand——他是主动站出来的人，所以 with a smile（微笑着）最贴合一个"沉默但愿意出力"的孩子的形象。by mistake（错误地）、in a hurry（匆忙地）、in surprise（惊讶地）都与"主动报名"这一语境相矛盾。完形的介词短语空几乎全靠语境判断，不靠语法——所以必须把前后两句连起来读。

23. A. running　　B. to run　　C. run　　D. ran

非谓语 · 动名词答案 A

解析：keep doing sth. 是固定搭配，表示"一直做某事"。只接动名词（doing）作宾语的常见动词要成组记忆：keep, enjoy, finish, mind, practise, avoid, suggest, consider, give up, be worth。只接不定式（to do）的常见动词：want, hope, decide, plan, agree, refuse, manage, promise。keep 后不接不定式，故 B 错。

24. A. out　　B. up　　C. in　　D. away

短语动词答案 B

解析：前半句 He fell down several times（他摔了好几次），转折 but 之后应是"但他从不放弃"→ give up（放弃）。四个 give 的短语必须分清：give up 放弃；give out 分发／耗尽；give in 屈服（后不接宾语，或接 to sb.）；give away 赠送／泄露。短语动词是完形的高频空（约 5—6 空），也是本卷补漏清单里的重点。

25. A. fast　　B. fastest　　C. faster　　D. the fastest

比较级答案 C

解析：看到 than 就要找比较级——than before 明确提示两者比较，用 faster。前一句 I can't run fast 用的是原级，说明他跑得不快；转折 but 之后说自己"能跑得比以前快"，语义连贯。fast 的形容词与副词同形，比较级都是 faster。

26. A. well　　B. good　　C. bad　　D. badly

副词答案 A

解析：空格修饰动词 did，所以要用副词，排除形容词 B、C。结合下文"接力棒交到 Tom 手上时我们排在第二位"，说明前三棒表现不错 → 用 well（好）。这是完形最经典的一个考点：修饰动词用副词、修饰名词用形容词。good（形容词）↔ well（副词），bad（形容词）↔ badly（副词）。另外记住：well 作形容词时只表示"身体健康的"，如 I'm not feeling well.

27. A. first　　B. second　　C. third　　D. last

语境 · 篇章逻辑答案 B

解析：这一空必须与后文联动：后文说 One runner passed him（有一个选手超过了他），最后 Tom finished third（他得了第三）。从"被一个人超过后变成第三名"倒推，被超过之前我们是 the second place。这是完形填空独有的题型——"篇章逻辑空"，答案不在句子里，在邻句里。做这类题要在空前后各画一条线，把两句连起来读。

28. A. quick　　B. quicker　　C. fast　　D. fastest

比较结构 · 词性答案 C

解析：as + 原级 + as one could 意为"尽可能……"，中间必须用原级，排除比较级 B 和最高级 D。再判断词性：空格修饰动词 ran，须用副词——quick 是形容词，而 fast 既是形容词又是副词，故用 fast。两个考点叠在一空上（原级 + 副词词性），这正是中档题的典型"双重设限"手法。同类结构：as soon as possible / as much as you can / as often as possible。

29. A. sped　　B. stood　　C. put　　D. looked

短语动词答案 A

解析：空格后有 up，且与 rushed forward（向前冲）并列，需要一个表"突然加速"的动词 → speed up（加速），过去式为 sped。另外三个 up 短语：stand up 站起来、put up 举起／张贴／搭建、look up 查阅／抬头看——它们都与 up 构成合法搭配，但放进"冲刺"的语境里全部说不通。做短语动词空，先看搭配是否成立，再用语境筛掉"搭配成立但意思不对"的选项。

30. A. hands　　B. breath　　C. heads　　D. hearts

固定搭配答案 B

解析：hold one's breath 是固定搭配，意为"屏住呼吸"（通常因为紧张或激动）。前文描写比赛最后关头"我们都在看" → We all held our breath. 语义与语境完全吻合。注意 breath（名词，呼吸）与 breathe（动词，呼吸）拼写不同，这是拼写易错点。同类"身体部位 + 固定搭配"还有：lose one's heart（灰心）、keep one's head（保持镇静）、shake hands（握手）。

31. A. that　　B. this　　C. what　　D. it

形式主语答案 D

解析：句子结构是 ______ was clear that he had done his best，真正的主语是后面那个 that 从句，句首需要一个形式主语 it → 选 D。这是英语里最高频的句式之一：It is clear / important / necessary / possible + that...。A 项的 that 不能作形式主语（若句首用 That 引导主语从句，则后面的 that 从句必须去掉，变成 That he had done his best was clear.，但本句保留了 that，结构冲突）；C 项 what 会使句子出现两个从句，语法混乱。

32. A. shouted　　B. cried　　C. cheered　　D. laughed

语境 · 动词辨析答案 C

解析：后文 he had done his best（他已尽了全力）说明了大家的情绪是鼓励与赞赏，所以 cheer for sb.（为某人欢呼）最贴切。四个词的区别：shout at sb.（生气地对某人喊）、cry for（为……哭泣／哭着要）、cheer for sb.（为某人加油欢呼）、laugh at sb.（嘲笑某人）。注意这四个词后面的介词不同，词义也就完全不同——这类"动词＋介词"组合是完形和词汇题的双重高频点。

33. A. why　　B. how　　C. when　　D. whether

宾语从句 · 连接副词答案 A

解析：空格引导 understood 的宾语从句。后文紧接着给出解释——He was not running for the prize; he was running to prove something to himself.（他不是为奖品而跑），这正是"他为什么练得那么苦"的答案 → 用 why（为什么）。连接副词的选择依据是"从句要表达什么关系"：原因用 why，方式用 how，时间用 when，是否用 whether。而"为什么"的答案往往就在下一句里——这是完形里"答案在邻句"的又一例。

34. A. him　　B. himself　　C. his　　D. he

代词 · 反身代词答案 B

解析：句意为"他不是为奖品而跑，而是为了向自己证明些什么"。主语是 he，动作的对象又回到主语本身 → 用反身代词 himself。反身代词的两种用法：① 作宾语，动作回到主语本身（He taught himself English.）；② 作同位语，加强语气（The teacher himself came.）。A 项 him 指别人，逻辑不通；D 项是主格，不能作介词宾语。

35. A. on　　B. in　　C. with　　D. by

介词 · 固定搭配答案 D

解析：judge sb. by / from sth. 是固定搭配，意为"根据……来判断某人"。句意为"我再也不会凭一个人的长相或话多话少来判断他了"——这也是全篇的主旨句。介词搭配只能靠成组记忆，最常考的几组：by（凭／通过某种方式）、with（用工具／带着）、in（用语言／材料）、on（关于／依赖）。本空四个选项都能与句中的名词搭配出某种意思，但只有 by 与 judge 是固定组合。

Ⅳ. 阅读理解36—55 小题，每小题 3 分，共 60 分

阅读下面的短文，从每小题的四个选项中选出一个最符合题意的答案。

Passage A

One More Try

When I was nine, my family moved to a small town in the north. I was the only child in my new class who could not ride a bicycle, and some of the boys laughed at me.

My grandfather decided to teach me. Every morning before school, we went to a small square behind the post office. He held the back of the seat and ran behind me, breathing heavily. For two weeks I fell off again and again. Each time I wanted to give up, he would say, "One more try. That is all I ask."

On the fifteenth morning, I suddenly felt that the seat was lighter. I turned my head and saw my grandfather standing far behind me, waving his arms. I had ridden the whole square by myself. I was so excited that I forgot to look ahead and fell into a bush. We both laughed until tears came out.

Many years have passed. My grandfather is gone, and I have ridden bicycles in many cities. But whenever I face something difficult, I still hear his voice: "One more try."

I have come to believe that courage is not something we are born with. It is built, one small try at a time, by someone who is willing to run behind us until we no longer need them.

36. Why did some of the boys laugh at the writer?

• A. Because he was new to the town.
• B. Because he was afraid of his teacher.
• C. Because he spoke a different language.
• D. Because he could not ride a bicycle.

细节题答案 D

解析：定位第一段：I was the only child in my new class who could not ride a bicycle, and some of the boys laughed at me.——"不会骑车"与"被嘲笑"由 and 直接连接，是同一个人身上的因果。细节题的做法只有一步：把题干关键词（laugh at）拿回原文找原句，不要凭常识推理。"刚搬来"虽然在原文出现，但文中没有说这是被嘲笑的原因，属于"原文有这个词、但没说这个因果"的典型干扰项。

37. What did the writer's grandfather do every morning?

• A. He took the writer to school.
• B. He bought the writer a new bicycle.
• C. He held the back of the seat and ran behind the writer.
• D. He asked the boys to stop laughing.

细节题答案 C

解析：定位第二段：He held the back of the seat and ran behind me, breathing heavily. 与 C 项完全对应。B、D 两项在原文中根本没有出现（祖父没有买新车、也没有去说过那些男孩），属于"无中生有"型干扰项——凡原文找不到依据的选项，无论听起来多合理都要排除。A 项混淆了"一起去广场"与"送上学"。

38. What happened on the fifteenth morning?

• A. The writer gave up riding at last.
• B. The writer rode the whole square by himself.
• C. The grandfather fell off the bicycle.
• D. The writer fell into a bush and hurt his leg.

细节题 · 事件答案 B

解析：第三段的中心事件是 I had ridden the whole square by myself.（我独自骑完了整个广场），这是"第十五天早上"发生的关键转折。原文确实提到 fell into a bush，但那是兴奋之余的小插曲，而且原文没有说他伤了腿——D 项"添加了原文没有的信息"，是细节题最常见的失分点；C 项把摔倒的人搞错了；A 项与原文"一直在坚持"完全相反。

39. What does the writer want to tell us?

• A. Old people are better teachers than young people.
• B. Riding a bicycle is an important skill for children.
• C. Courage grows through small efforts and the support of others.
• D. Children in small towns have a happier life.

主旨题答案 C

解析：主旨题的答案通常在末段。最后一段说：courage is not something we are born with. It is built, one small try at a time, by someone who is willing to run behind us...——"勇气不是天生的，是一次次小小的尝试、由那个愿意在你身后奔跑的人一起建起来的"，与 C 项一一对应。主旨题三条排除原则：① 只在某一段出现、不能概括全文的（A、B）；② 原文没说的比较或判断（A、D）；③ 把细节当成主旨的。

Passage B

Sleep Is Not a Waste of Time

Most adults need seven to nine hours of sleep each night, yet a recent survey of 10,000 office workers in China found that nearly half of them sleep less than six and a half hours on weekdays. Many say they have no choice: work, family and mobile phones all take time away from the bed.

Sleep is not a waste of time. While we are sleeping, the brain sorts out what we have learned during the day and stores the important parts as long-term memory. The body repairs muscles and produces hormones that control growth and hunger. People who sleep too little are more likely to catch colds, gain weight and feel anxious.

Scientists point out that "catching up" on sleep at the weekend does not work as well as many people believe. A study published in 2023 followed 2,000 adults for three years and found that those who slept badly on most days and tried to make it up on Sundays still had higher blood pressure than those who slept regularly.

So what can we do? Experts suggest three simple rules. First, go to bed and get up at about the same time every day, including weekends. Second, keep the bedroom dark and cool, and leave the phone outside. Third, if you cannot fall asleep within twenty minutes, get up and read something boring until you feel sleepy — turning in bed and worrying only makes you more awake.

40. What does the survey mentioned in the first paragraph show?

• A. Most office workers sleep more than nine hours a night.
• B. Office workers never use mobile phones before going to bed.
• C. Few people think that sleep is important.
• D. Nearly half of the office workers sleep less than 6.5 hours on weekdays.

细节题 · 数据答案 D

解析：定位第一段：a recent survey of 10,000 office workers in China found that nearly half of them sleep less than six and a half hours on weekdays——与 D 项逐字对应。A 项与原文数字相反（原文说的是"需要 7—9 小时"，实际睡得更少）；B 项把"手机占用时间"曲解为"从不使用"；C 项原文未提。数据类细节题的对策是"带着数字回原文核对"——nearly half、six and a half hours、weekdays 三个限定词缺一不可。

41. What does the brain do while we are sleeping?

• A. It stops working completely.
• B. It forgets everything learned during the day.
• C. It organizes what we have learned and stores the important parts as long-term memory.
• D. It becomes more active in controlling our hunger.

细节题 · 过程答案 C

解析：定位第二段第一句：the brain sorts out what we have learned during the day and stores the important parts as long-term memory，与 C 项对应（sorts out ≈ organizes）。注意"同义替换"是阅读理解设置正确选项的最主要手法——本卷把原文的 sorts out 换成了 organizes，不是照抄原文；反之，照抄原文的选项往往反而是错的（因为命题人会把它放进错误选项）。D 项的"控制饥饿"是原文 hormones 的功能，被移花接木到了 brain 身上。

42. What did the 2023 study find about "catching up" on sleep at weekends?

• A. It can fully make up for the lost sleep.
• B. It is the best way to lower blood pressure.
• C. It has no effect on health at all.
• D. People who used it still had higher blood pressure than those who slept regularly.

细节题 · 研究结论答案 D

解析：定位第三段：those who slept badly on most days and tried to make it up on Sundays still had higher blood pressure than those who slept regularly，与 D 项一致。A 项与原文 does not work as well as many people believe 相反；B 项把结论颠倒；C 项是"绝对化"干扰项——原文说的是"补觉不如人们以为的那样有效"，并不等于"完全无效"，把"相对"说成"绝对"是推理判断题最常见的错误选项。

43. Which of the following is one of the experts' suggestions?

• A. Get up and read something boring if you cannot fall asleep within twenty minutes.
• B. Sleep as long as possible on Sundays.
• C. Keep the bedroom bright and warm.
• D. Drink a cup of coffee before going to bed.

细节题 · 建议答案 A

解析：定位末段第三条建议：if you cannot fall asleep within twenty minutes, get up and read something boring until you feel sleepy，与 A 项对应。B、D 两项与原文直接矛盾（原文建议每天固定时间起床、包括周末，不是"周日尽量多睡"；咖啡因会让人更清醒）；C 项把原文的 dark and cool 改成了 bright and warm——这是"反义改写"型干扰项，做法是把原文形容词换成它的反义词，读得快就容易漏。

Passage C

City Library — Summer Reading Programme 2026

Are you looking for something useful to do this summer? The City Library is offering a free reading programme for students aged 15 to 22.

Time: 9:00 a.m. — 4:30 p.m., every Tuesday and Thursday, from July 7 to August 20.

Place: Reading Room 3, second floor.

What you can do

· Borrow up to five books at a time from the "Summer Shelf", which includes 1,200 new titles.· Join the Friday discussion group (3:00 p.m. — 4:30 p.m.) and share your ideas with other readers.· Take part in the "One Book, One Letter" activity: read a book, then write a letter to its author. The best twenty letters will be shown on the library wall in September.

What you need to know

· Bring your student card. The programme is open to library members only.· A new member card costs 20 yuan and is valid for one year.· Books may be kept for 21 days. If you return them late, you will pay 0.5 yuan a day for each book.· The library is closed on public holidays.

To join, come to the front desk or call 8765-4321 before July 5. Places are limited to 150 students, so early application is advised.

44. Who can take part in the programme?

• A. Students aged 15 to 22 who have a student card and library membership.
• B. Anyone who is a library member, of any age.
• C. Children under the age of 15.
• D. Anyone who pays 150 yuan.

细节题 · 条件答案 A

解析：本项需要把两处信息拼起来：第一段说 for students aged 15 to 22，"What you need to know" 第一条说 Bring your student card. The programme is open to library members only. 三个条件（年龄 15—22、学生证、图书馆会员）缺一不可，故 A 正确。B 项漏掉了年龄限制；C 项与年龄条件相反；D 项是"数字移花接木"——原文的 150 是"名额上限 150 人"，不是费用。

45. If you return one book five days late, how much will you pay?

• A. 0.5 yuan.
• B. 1.5 yuan.
• C. 2 yuan.
• D. 2.5 yuan.

细节题 · 计算答案 D

解析：原文规定 you will pay 0.5 yuan a day for each book——逾期费＝每天每本 0.5 元。一本逾期 5 天：0.5 × 5 = 2.5 元，选 D。这是应用文阅读的固定题型，三步走：① 找到费率（0.5 元/天/本）；② 看清数量单位（1 本书）；③ 相乘。for each book 这个限定语是关键——如果逾期 3 本，就要再乘 3。

46. What is the "One Book, One Letter" activity?

• A. Writing a letter to the library about its service.
• B. Reading one book and writing a letter to its author.
• C. Sending a letter to a friend about a book you like.
• D. Copying a letter from a famous book.

细节题答案 B

解析：原文解释得很直接：read a book, then write a letter to its author——"读一本书，然后给作者写一封信"，与 B 项逐词对应。A 项把收信人换成了图书馆；C 项换成了朋友；D 项把"给作者写信"曲解为"抄写信件"。这类题唯一要防的是"收信对象被替换"——把 author 换成 library / friend 是最常见的干扰方式，回原文核对一个名词就能排除。

47. What can we learn about the programme from the passage?

• A. It is held twice a week.
• B. The Friday discussion group lasts for two hours.
• C. Students must pay 150 yuan to take part.
• D. The library is open on public holidays.

综合判断题答案 A

解析：逐个核对原文：①every Tuesday and Thursday——每周两次，A 正确。② 讨论小组是 3:00 p.m. — 4:30 p.m.，共 1.5 小时，B 错。③ 项目本身免费（a free reading programme），20 元是办卡费、150 是名额上限，C 错。④The library is closed on public holidays.，D 与原文相反。这类"以下哪项正确"的题必须逐项回原文验证，不能只找一个对就选——因为错误选项全部来自原文的其他信息，属于"原文有、但被你记混了"。

Passage D

Why Food Waste Matters

Every year, about one third of all the food produced in the world is never eaten. In China alone, restaurants and families throw away close to 35 million tonnes of food a year — enough to feed tens of millions of people.

Food waste is not only a moral problem; it also costs the environment dearly. Growing, processing and transporting food uses about 70 percent of the world's fresh water and a large amount of land. When food is thrown away, all those resources are wasted with it. Worse, food that rots in landfills produces methane (甲烷), a gas that traps heat about 25 times more effectively than carbon dioxide.

Some countries have taken action. France passed a law in 2016 that forbids supermarkets from throwing away unsold food; they must give it to charities or turn it into animal feed. In China, a "Clear Your Plate" campaign started in 2013 has been supported by millions of diners, and many restaurants now offer smaller portions and free boxes for leftovers.

But ordinary people can do a great deal without waiting for any law. Plan your meals before shopping and buy only what you will really cook. Store food properly so that it lasts longer. Order smaller dishes when eating out, and take home what you cannot finish. If every family in a city of eight million saved just one bowl of rice a week, the amount saved in a year would be enough to feed thousands of people for months.

48. How much food is thrown away by restaurants and families in China each year, according to the passage?

• A. About 3.5 million tonnes.
• B. About one third of the food produced in the world.
• C. About 350 million tonnes.
• D. About 35 million tonnes.

细节题 · 数据答案 D

解析：定位第一段：In China alone, restaurants and families throw away close to 35 million tonnes of food a year——3500 万吨，选 D。三级数量词必须分清：35 million＝3500 万；3.5 million＝350 万；350 million＝3.5 亿。A、C 两项就是靠移动小数点设置的"数字陷阱"。B 项是干扰更大的一个——"三分之一"确实出现在本段，但它指的是"全世界产出的食物"，不是"中国餐馆和家庭扔掉的"，属于"张冠李戴"。

49. Why is food waste bad for the environment?

• A. Because it uses up water and land and produces methane in landfills.
• B. Because it makes food more expensive for other people.
• C. Because it makes people eat more than they need.
• D. Because it forces farmers to work longer hours.

原因题答案 A

解析：题干问"为什么对环境有害"，答案只能在第二段找：该段给出两条理由——Growing, processing and transporting food uses about 70 percent of the world's fresh water and a large amount of land（消耗水与土地）＋ food that rots in landfills produces methane（产生甲烷），与 A 项完全对应。B、C、D 三项讲的都是经济或社会影响，不是环境问题——题干里的 environment 就是筛选项的钥匙，凡与"环境"无关的表述一律排除，不必逐字回原文。C、D 两项原文也从未提及。

50. What does the French law of 2016 require supermarkets to do?

• A. To sell all their food before closing.
• B. To close earlier so as to save electricity.
• C. To raise the price of unsold food.
• D. To give unsold food to charities or turn it into animal feed.

细节题 · 法规答案 D

解析：定位第三段：France passed a law in 2016 that forbids supermarkets from throwing away unsold food; they must give it to charities or turn it into animal feed. 与 D 项逐字对应。注意原文的动词是 forbids...from throwing away（禁止扔掉）＋ must（必须），这两个强义务词是判断依据。A 项把"不许扔"改成"必须卖完"，B、C 两项原文完全没有依据。

51. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?

• A. To explain how a French law works.
• B. To warn people that food will soon run out.
• C. To call on people to reduce food waste in daily life.
• D. To introduce a Chinese restaurant chain.

写作目的题答案 C

解析：看写作目的，要看文章的落脚点在哪一段。前三段分别是现象、危害、各国的做法，而最后一段以 But ordinary people can do a great deal without waiting for any law 开头，连续给出四个祈使句建议（Plan your meals... Store food properly... Order smaller dishes... take home...）——落脚点落在"普通人该怎么做"，所以目的是呼吁读者在日常生活中减少浪费。写作目的题的通用解法：看首段提出问题、末段给出主张，末段的主张就是目的。A、D 两项都是文中的局部内容，B 项原文从未提及"食物将要耗尽"。

Passage E

Scissors and Patience

Wang Lin grew up in a village in Shaanxi, where almost every woman could cut paper into flowers, birds and characters. His grandmother was the best in the village, and she began to teach him when he was six — not because she wanted him to be an artist, but because she needed help with the Spring Festival decorations.

At first Wang Lin found it boring. Cutting exactly along the same lines, again and again, made his fingers ache. He left the village at nineteen to work in a factory in the city, and for ten years he did not touch a pair of scissors.

The turning point came in 2019. The company he worked for closed, and he had to find a new way to make a living. One evening he saw a short video of a foreign man trying to cut the Chinese character "福". The video had more than a million likes. "People are interested in this," he said to himself. "Why not teach it?"

Wang Lin went back home, bought paper and began to make videos. He showed not only how to cut, but also why a pattern is designed that way: two fish mean "surplus every year", and a deer stands for "a long life". Today he has more than two million followers, and his paper patterns are sold in seventeen countries. Last year he opened a small workshop and hired sixteen women from his own village.

"Paper-cutting taught me patience," he says. "And patience turned out to be the skill I needed most."

52. Why did Wang Lin's grandmother begin to teach him paper-cutting?

• A. Because she wanted him to become a famous artist.
• B. Because she needed help with the Spring Festival decorations.
• C. Because the village school asked her to do so.
• D. Because he was already very interested in art.

细节题 · 原因答案 B

解析：定位第一段末句：not because she wanted him to be an artist, but because she needed help with the Spring Festival decorations——not because... but because... 的强调重点永远在 but 之后，所以答案是"她需要人帮忙做春节装饰"，选 B。A 项恰好是被 not 否掉的那一个，这是命题人最爱的设陷方式：把被否定的内容做成选项。D 项与第二段"他觉得无聊"直接矛盾。

53. What did Wang Lin do during the ten years after he left the village?

• A. He worked in a city factory and did not cut paper at all.
• B. He taught paper-cutting in a city school.
• C. He made short videos about paper-cutting.
• D. He opened a workshop in his own village.

细节题 · 时间范围答案 A

解析：题干有明确的时间限定——"离开村庄后的十年间"。定位第二段末句：He left the village at nineteen to work in a factory in the city, and for ten years he did not touch a pair of scissors. 与 A 项一一对应。C、D 两项确实发生过，但都发生在 2019 年之后（第三个阶段），不属于"这十年"——这是"时间范围错位"型干扰项，做题时必须先圈出题干的时间词。B 项原文未提。

54. What gave Wang Lin the idea of making videos?

• A. A letter from his grandmother.
• B. A popular short video of a foreign man cutting the character "福".
• C. A TV programme about Chinese art.
• D. A suggestion from his former boss.

细节题 · 转折答案 B

解析：定位第三段（The turning point came in 2019 之后的句子）：One evening he saw a short video of a foreign man trying to cut the Chinese character "福". The video had more than a million likes. "People are interested in this," he said to himself.——正是这条视频给了他灵感，选 B。看到 The turning point came... 这类标志句，就要知道答案紧跟在它后面。A、C、D 三项原文均未出现。

55. What does Wang Lin think is the most important skill he learned from paper-cutting?

• A. How to use scissors quickly.
• B. Patience.
• C. How to sell products online.
• D. How to design new patterns.

人物观点题答案 B

解析：直接引语一定是人物观点题的答案所在。末段他说："Paper-cutting taught me patience... And patience turned out to be the skill I needed most."——the skill I needed most 与题干 the most important skill 构成同义替换，故选 B。做人物观点题有一条捷径：只读带引号的句子和 he thinks / believes / says 之后的内容，其余叙述都是背景。

Ⅴ. 补全对话56—60 小题，每小题 3 分，共 15 分

根据下面的对话内容，从 A—H 八个选项中选出 5 个最恰当的选项补全对话（其中 3 个为多余选项），将选项字母填在答题卡相应位置上。

Dialogue

Li Ming: Hi, Anna. Have you got any plans for the weekend?

Anna: 56) ______

Li Ming: A volunteer activity? What is it?

Anna: We're going to plant trees in the city park on Saturday morning.

Li Ming: That sounds great. 57) ______

Anna: Of course. The more people, the better. We'll meet at the school gate at eight.

Li Ming: Eight o'clock... 58) ______

Anna: About four hours. We'll finish at noon.

Li Ming: 59) ______

Anna: Just wear old clothes and bring a bottle of water. We'll provide the tools.

Li Ming: Great. 60) ______

Anna: See you then. Don't be late!

56. Li Ming 先问"周末有什么安排"，随后追问"A volunteer activity? What is it?"。横线处最恰当的是（　　）

回答提问答案 B

解析：第一步看标点：横线后是句号，说明要填一个"答句"或"陈述句"，不是问句。第二步看下文：下一句是 A volunteer activity? What is it?，说明 Anna 的回答里必须出现"志愿者活动"这个词，Li Ming 才能这样追问。八个选项中只有 B 同时满足这两条。F 项虽然也是陈述句，但"我得复习考试"会直接终结邀请，与后文的追问矛盾。

57. Anna 介绍了活动内容后，Li Ming 说"That sounds great."，接着提出（　　）

提出请求答案 D

解析：关键在下文的第一句：Of course. The more people, the better.——"Of course"是对"请求"的标准应答，而且"人越多越好"说明对方提出的是"我也能参加吗"这一类请求，所以选 D（Can I join you?）。补全对话的核心技巧：横线后面那一句往往包含答案——先读下句，再回选选项。G 项（我会准时到）在此处太早，因为时间还没定。

58. Anna 说八点在校门口集合，Li Ming 回应"Eight o'clock..."，接着问（　　）

询问信息答案 C

解析：横线后面是句号，但下一句回答是"About four hours"（大约四小时）——回答的是"时长"，所以问题必是询问时长，选 C（How long will it last?）。A 项（几点开始）与下文"四小时"不匹配，而且上文刚说过八点集合，重复提问不合逻辑；H 项（公园在哪）同理，下文并未回答地点。这一步的判断链条是"由答推问"：看清回答的是什么信息，就知道问题在问什么。

59. Anna 说明活动要四个小时后，Li Ming 接着问（　　）

询问准备事项答案 E

解析：下一句 Anna 回答：Just wear old clothes and bring a bottle of water. We'll provide the tools.——她说的是"穿什么、带什么、工具由谁提供"，这只能是在回答"我要准备什么"，所以选 E（What should I take with me?）。识别方法：把回答里的关键词归成一类（衣物、水、工具都是"随身物品"），再去找问这个类别的问题。F 项（我很想去但要复习）已无位置，且与后文"我会准时到"矛盾。

60. Li Ming 说"Great."之后需要作一个收尾应答，随后 Anna 说"See you then. Don't be late!"。横线处最恰当的是（　　）

应允与道别答案 G

解析：Anna 的下一句是 See you then. Don't be late!——"到时见、别迟到"，这句话必须由 Li Ming 先做出"我会准时到"的承诺才能成立，故选 G（I'll be there on time.）。这是补全对话的收尾固定套路：最后的空多半是"答应／道谢／道别"，且与下句构成"承诺—回应"关系。三个多余选项在此处都用不上：A（几点开始）、F（要复习考试）、H（公园在哪），都已被上下文排除。

答案速查表 · 做完后核对用，详细解析见每题下方

四第Ⅱ卷 短文写作61 题，25 分 ｜ 附参考范文与给分点

写作是全卷唯一能提前准备到"八九不离十"的部分——因为它的文体、署名和话题范围多年不变。先看真题轨迹，再看本卷题目。

① 重点是邮件、申请信、通知、征文短文四类，议论文模板可以不准备；② 署名只用 Li Yuan 一个；③ 话题集中在校园活动、社团与申请、请假与致歉、介绍推荐四类；④ 中文提纲的每一个要点必须都写到，漏一个直接掉一档；⑤ 词数 100—120，不足 100 会酌情扣分。

2026 年成人高等学校招生全国统一考试专升本

英　语 · 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共 25 分）

Ⅵ. 短文写作61 小题，共 25 分

61. 假定你是李源（Li Yuan），你校将于下月举办"中国文化节"（Chinese Culture Festival）。请给外教 Professor Green 写一封邀请邮件，内容包括：

• 1. 活动的时间与地点；
• 2. 活动的主要内容；
• 3. 邀请他参加并作一个简短发言；
• 4. 表达期待。

要求：词数 100—120；开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数；不得使用真实姓名与校名。

应用文 · 邀请邮件 · 25 分参考范文（正文 111 词，符合 100—120 词要求）

Dear Professor Green,I am writing to invite you to our school's Chinese Culture Festival, which will be held in the Students' Centre from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. on October 20.There will be many interesting activities, such as Chinese calligraphy, paper-cutting and traditional music. Visitors can also try Chinese tea and make dumplings by themselves. Some students will also put on a short play about the Spring Festival. We would be honoured if you could join us and give a short speech about your understanding of Chinese culture.I would be grateful if you could let me know whether you are free that day. We are all looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Li Yuan

三个要点句的写法远比正文重要

阅卷老师找的是要点，不是文采。做法只有一条：每个中文要点先用一句英文"甩"出来，再补一句细节。比如要点②，先写 There will be many interesting activities.，再补 such as Chinese calligraphy, paper-cutting and traditional music.——这样即使后面语法有小错，要点分也稳了。四个要点各写两句，词数就已经接近 100，不必担心字数不够。

可替换句式（按功能背，任何年份都能用）

七个最容易扣分的地方

1. 漏要点

• 中文提纲的 4 个要点必须全部写到，漏一个直接掉一档（约 4—6 分）。写完必须回头逐条数一遍。

2. 署名写错

• 必须写 Li Yuan。写成 Li Hua 就是高起点卷的写法，虽然一般不会因此扣分，但会暴露你背的是别人的模板，且可能连话题都对不上。

3. 词数不足

• 大纲要求 100—120 词，少于 100 词会酌情扣分。但也不要为凑字数抄题干或反复说同一句话——超出 120 词同样可能被酌情扣分。

4. 时态混乱

• 活动是将来发生的，主体用将来时（will be held / will take place / will be）；发出邀请用 would / could 更礼貌。不要在同一个句子里混用 was 和 will。

5. 格式缺失

• 称呼与落款各占一行；称呼后用逗号（Dear Professor Green,）；落款前用 Yours sincerely,。这三分之二的格式分最容易拿，也最容易忘。

6. 大小写与拼写

• 节日、月份、星期的首字母必须大写：Chinese Culture Festival / October / Saturday。这类错误扎堆出现，会显著影响"语言"档的得分。

7. 中式英语

• 最常见的两类：① 语序——"我很喜欢"写成 I very like ✗，应为 I like ... very much；② 逐字翻译——"欢迎你来"写成 Welcome you to come ✗，应为 You are welcome to come / We hope you can come。不确定的表达就换成最有把握的简单句，不要硬造。

五评分标准与时间分配同样的水平，安排不同能差 15 分

考场 150 分钟时间分配