

新中考英语的阅读D篇, 是家长和孩子最头疼的部分。
一篇长文,后面跟着6道题,前5道是简答,最后1道是30词微写作。看起来都是“回答问题”,但很多孩子做到第5题就开始卡壳,Task 2更是不知道从哪下笔。
这6道题不是随便排的, 们背后的命题逻辑——“5+1”梯级设问架构。
今天我们就用一篇真题(Riley,一位新西兰女特技演员的故事),把这6道题的设置规律和解题思路说清楚。

一、什么是“5+1”?
“5”:Task 1里的5道常规简答题,共10分。
“1”:Task 2的1道开放型微写作,共6分。
这6道题,难度是逐级递增的。从最简单的信息判断,到最后的独立写作,每一题都在考不同的能力。
二、6道题,6个台阶
我们用Riley这篇真题来拆解:
🪜 第1题:信息判断(最简单)
Riley started her stunt career in big films, didn't she?
原文原句: Riley's first big chancecame when she worked on a fantasy TV series. After that, she moved into bigger films...
考什么:能不能在文中找到对应信息,判断“是/否”。
⚠️ 句型与时态:这是反意疑问句,回答必须用“Yes, she did.”或“No, she didn't.”,不能只写“No”,也不能用一般现在时“No, she doesn't.”。
怎么答:定位到“first big chance”是电视剧,不是大电影,所以回答“No, she didn't.”
参考答案:No, she didn't. 这是送分题,只要认真读文章就能答对。
🪜 第2题:事实提取
What does a stunt double do?
原文原句:A stunt double is trained to do the dangerous action scenes instead of the actor—things like high falls, fights, crashes, or being pulled by wires—so the actor stays safe.
考什么:能不能找到文中的定义句,并提炼核心信息。怎么答:找到“do dangerous action scenes instead of the actor”,稍作改写即可。参考答案:A stunt double does dangerous action scenes instead of the actor (to keep the actor safe).
答案基本在原文里,但需要用自己的话概括,不能照抄整段。
🪜 第3题:因果推断
According to Riley, why do stunt accidents happen quickly?
原文原句: She explains that accidents can happen quickly, even when everyone is careful, because stunts often
involve speed, height and hard surfaces.考什么:能不能找到因果关系。怎么答:直接提取because后面的原因:“speed, height and hard surfaces.”答案:Because stunts often involve speed, height and hard surfaces.
题目问“为什么”,答案要用because引导,或者直接写出原因。
🪜 第4题:情感+归因
How does Riley feel about her job? Why?
原文原句:She's proud that her work protects actors and helps the whole crew tell bigger, more thrilling stories.
考什么:同时提取两个信息——情感词和原因。怎么答:情感是“proud”,原因是“protects actors and helps tell thrilling stories”。参考答案:She feels proud. Because her work protects actors and helps the whole crew tell bigger, more thrilling stories.
这是双重要求题,少答一个就扣分。原文是一个复合句,答案需要拆成两句。
🪜 第5题:品质归纳+证据支撑(Task 1的最高阶)
What qualities make Riley a good stunt double? Use evidence from the text to support your idea.
原文原句:She also trained in martial arts, which helped her become strong, fast and fearless.
Those skills were perfect for stunt work, because stunt performers must be able to fight, fall safely, and move with control.
She says they prepare a lot, practise the moves again and again, and use special safety equipment.
考什么:自己归纳形容词,并从文中找事实来支撑。怎么答:比如“strong and fearless”,证据是“trained in martial arts and gymnastics”。参考答案:Riley is strong and fearless because she trained in martial arts and gymnastics, which helped her become fast and controlled.
或:Riley is hardworking and careful because she prepares a lot and practises the moves again and again.)
这道题是Task 1的天花板。答案不是现成的,需要学生自己概括品质,再回到文中找证据。很多孩子在这里丢分,就是因为只会抄原文,不会归纳。
🏔️ Task 2:开放型微写作(最高阶)
What sport, skill or hobby have you practised again and again... and what have you learned from it? Write a paragraph in about 30 words.
考什么:把阅读主题迁移到自己的生活,写出个人经历和感悟。怎么答:用“经历+困难+感悟”的三步模型,30词左右。参考答案:
这是全卷拉开差距的地方。前5题考的是“读懂别人”,Task 2考的是“表达自己”。

回头看阅读D篇的“5+1”架构,其实它并没有那么神秘。
前5题,考的不是“找答案”,而是读懂之后的归纳和转述;最后1题,考的不是“套模板”,而是读懂之后的联想和表达。
从信息判断到因果推断,从品质归纳到主题迁移,这6道题的难度阶梯,本质上就是新中考英语改革的一个缩影——从“考理解”走向“考输出”,从“找答案”走向“读懂以后,把我的理解表达出来”。
所以,读文章的时候,带着题目的视角去读;答题的时候,盯住句型和时态;写Task 2的时候,先保证写得对,再追求写得好。这些都不是靠考前突击能解决的,而是靠平时一点一点练出来的。

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