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中考长难句核心特点：以定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句、非谓语、并列句为主，句子长是因为“简单句套从句/叠加修饰成分”，所有长难句都可以拆回简单句。
一、拆解长难句万能四步法（必背）
找谓语动词：谓语是句子核心，一个主句只有1套谓语，其余动词大概率是从句谓语或非谓语（to do / doing / done）。二、中考高频长难句类型
1.宾语从句（中考最高频）
结构：主句+ (that/if/whether/特殊疑问词) + 陈述句
考点：陈述语序、时态呼应
例句1：I think that reading English every morning can improve our spoken English.
拆分：
主句：I think
宾语从句：that reading English every morning can improve our spoken English.
从句主干：reading English can improve our spoken English
译：我认为每天早上读英语可以提高我们的英语口语。
例句2：Could you tell me where I can buy this kind of notebook?
主句：Could you tell me
宾语从句：where I can buy this kind of notebook（陈述语序！）
译：你能告诉我在哪里可以买到这种笔记本吗？
2.定语从句（难点，中考常考that / who / which）
结构：先行词+ 关系词(that/who/which) + 从句
who：先行词是人 which：先行词是物 that：人/物都可以例句1：The girl who is standing at the door is my new classmate.
拆分主干：The girl is my new classmate
定语从句：who is standing at the door（修饰the girl）
译：站在门口的那个女孩是我的新同学。
例句2：This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
主干：This is the most interesting book
从句：that I have ever read（修饰book）
译：这是我读过最有趣的一本书。
考点：最高级先行词，关系词只用that
3.状语从句（时间/条件/原因/让步）
①条件状语从句if “如果”（主将从现！重中之重）
If it is fine tomorrow, we will go hiking in the mountains.
主句：we will go hiking（将来时）
从句：If it is fine tomorrow（一般现在表将来）
译：如果明天天气好，我们就去山里徒步。
②时间状语when / until / before / after
I was watching TV when my mother came back home last night.
主句：I was watching TV（过去进行）
从句：when my mother came back（一般过去）
译：昨晚妈妈回家的时候，我正在看电视。
③让步状语though / although 虽然（不能和but连用）
Though he is very young, he knows a lot about history.
译：虽然他年纪很小，但他懂得很多历史知识。
④原因状语because
He didn’t go to school because he was badly ill.
译：因为他病得很重，所以没来上学。
4.并列长句（and / but / so）
He got up early, but he still missed the first bus because there was too much traffic.
拆分：
分句1：He got up early
分句2：but he still missed the first bus
原因状语：because there was too much traffic
译：他起得很早，但是因为交通拥堵，还是错过了首班车。
5.带非谓语动词的长难句（to do / doing）
非谓语不能做句子谓语！
例句1（to do作目的状语）：
We need to practice more to get better grades in the English exam.
主干：We need to practice more to get…
译：我们需要多加练习，以便在英语考试取得更好的成绩。
例句2（doing作主语）：
Learning English well takes much time and patience.
主干：Learning English well takes much time and patience
译：学好英语需要大量时间和耐心。
例句3（with伴随结构）The boy with a book in his hand is waiting for his friend at the gate. 主干：The boy is waiting for his friend with a book in his hand
译：手里拿着一本书的男孩正在门口等他朋友。
三、中考真题风格长难句10句
- People say that the best way to learn English is to use it every day. 人们说学习英语最好的方式是每天使用它。
- The boy who helped me carry my bag is one of my classmates. 帮我提包的那个男孩是我的一位同学。
- You will fail the exam unless you work hard from now on. 除非从现在开始努力，否则你考试会不及格。
- When I arrived at the station, the train had already left. 当我到达车站时，火车已经开走了。
- Although travelling is fun, it also costs a lot of money and time. 虽然旅行很有趣，但它也耗费很多金钱和时间。
- I don’t know if he will come to our party this weekend. 我不知道他这周末是否会来参加我们的派对。
- The teacher told us that we should keep our classroom clean every day. 老师告诉我们应该每天保持教室干净。
- The movie which we watched last night was really moving. 我们昨晚看的那部电影十分感人。
- To protect our environment, we should stop throwing rubbish everywhere. 为了保护环境，我们应该停止到处乱扔垃圾。
- He was so tired that he fell asleep as soon as he lay down. 他如此疲惫，一躺下就睡着了。
四、做题避坑要点
- 主将从现：if / when / as soon as 引导的时间、条件状语从句，从句用一般现在表将来
- 宾语从句永远陈述语序，不能用疑问语序
- though/although 不和but连用；because不和so连用
- 定语从句：先行词是人用who，物用which，最高级/不定代词只用that
- 长句里介词短语（in… / with… / for…）大多是修饰成分，读的时候先跳过抓主干
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