v. 说，讲；表达【中考核心：强调说话的具体内容，后接原话、宾语从句】say hello/sorry/goodbye to sb 向某人问好/道歉/告别say that + 宾语从句say sth in English 用英语说某事She said goodbye to her parents before leaving home.她离家前向父母道别。The teacher said that we would have an English test next week.老师说我们下周会有一场英语测试。💡 易错提醒：不能直接用 say sb sth，必须加介词 to；中考单选常设置错误搭配作为干扰项。
2. speak
v. 说（语言）；发言，演讲；（打电话）和…说话【中考核心：后接语言名词，或用于正式发言、打电话场景】speak English/Chinese 说英语/中文speak at the meeting 在会上发言speak to sb 和某人通话/说话My cousin can speak three foreign languages.我表哥会说三门外语。May I speak to Mr. Black, please?请问我可以和布莱克先生通话吗？💡 易错提醒：作“说语言”时是及物动词，表“发言、通话”时是不及物动词，不能直接接说话内容。
3. tell
v. 告诉，讲述；分辨，辨别【中考核心：后接听话的人，侧重传达信息、讲故事/笑话/真相】tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告诉某人某事tell sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人（不要）做某事（中考最高频搭配）tell a story/joke/lie/the truth 讲故事/讲笑话/撒谎/说实话Grandma often tells us interesting stories before going to bed.奶奶睡前经常给我们讲有趣的故事。The teacher told us not to be late for school.老师告诉我们上学不要迟到。💡 易错提醒：tell 后必须接人作宾语，不能直接单独接内容；不定式否定形式 not 要放在 to do 前面，是完形高频挖坑点。
4. talk
v. 谈论，交谈；商讨 n. 谈话，讲座【中考核心：侧重双方互动交谈，不及物动词，必须搭配介词使用】talk to/with sb 和某人交谈talk about sth/sb 谈论某事/某人have a talk with sb 和某人谈一谈My parents often talk with me about my study after dinner.我父母经常晚饭后和我聊我的学习。They are talking about the coming summer holiday happily.他们正开心地谈论即将到来的暑假。💡 易错提醒：不能直接接宾语，必须加介词 to/with/about；中考常和其他三个词混合设题辨析。
1. （2025·广东中考）Our parents often warn us not ______ with strangers on the Internet.A. talk B. to talk C. say D. to say2. （2024·贵州黔东南中考）If you keep practicing, you will do well in ______ English.A. saying B. speaking C. talking D. telling3. （2024·四川成都中考）Can you ______ it in English? I can’t understand Chinese.A. say B. speak C. talk D. tell4. （2023·浙江杭州中考）He ______ me that he would visit the West Lake the next day.A. said B. spoke C. told D. talked5. （2025·湖北武汉中考）—What are they ______ about over there?—The new movie that will be shown next month.A. saying B. speaking C. telling D. talking
语法填空
6. （2025·江苏苏州中考）It ______ (tell) people not to care too much about others' opinions.7. （2024·浙江中考）“The earth travels around the sun,” ______ (say) his father when the boy asked the question.8. （2024·山东济南中考）At bedtime, while his mother ______ (tell) him a story, Martin couldn’t help asking questions.9. （2023·北京中考）Lily ______ (tell) me what she did during the Dragon Boat Festival yesterday.10. （2024·河北中考）We are told ______ (speak) more English in and after class.
1. 答案：B考点：非谓语+talk固定搭配。warn sb (not) to do sth 为固定结构，意为“警告某人（不要）做某事”；和某人交谈用talk with sb。2. 答案：B考点：speak核心用法。表示“说某种语言”用speak，do well in 后接动名词形式。3. 答案：A考点：say核心用法。句中it指代说话的具体内容，强调内容用say；speak后直接接语言，不能接it。4. 答案：C考点：tell核心用法。tell sb + 宾语从句 表示“告诉某人某事”，后接人作宾语，符合句子结构。5. 答案：D考点：talk固定搭配。talk about sth 意为“谈论某事”，为中考高频固定短语。
语法填空
6. 答案：tells考点：一般现在时。主语it为第三人称单数，描述客观含义用一般现在时，动词用三单形式。7. 答案：said考点：一般过去时。根据时间状语从句when the boy asked可知动作发生在过去，用动词过去式。8. 答案：was telling考点：过去进行时。while引导的时间状语从句，强调动作正在进行，主句为一般过去时，从句用过去进行时。9. 答案：told考点：一般过去时。时间标志词yesterday对应一般过去时，tell的过去式为told。10. 答案：to speak考点：被动语态下的非谓语。be told to do sth 意为“被要求做某事”，不定式作主语补足语。
