中考英语语法复习与练习 --- 介词中的方位介词
考查趋势
中考、自主招生考试对介词的考点主要集中在介词的基本用法上，即与名词搭配组成介词短语和与动词措配组成动词短语的用法。介词虽然是一种虚词，自身不能单独充当句子成分，但它是英语中最活跃、最难掌握的词类之一。方位介词是其中重要考查点之一。
知识索引
一、方位介词1
1.in the ... of是指“在某一地域范围之内的…”。 on the... of是指“与某一地域边界相接”。to the ... of是指“在某一地域范围之外的……”。
2.on. over与above都高高“在上”，但使用上大不一样!
on强调某物在另一物体的表面，两者为接触关系，反义词是beneath。
over表示垂直的上方或正上方，两物体之间有一定距离，反义词是under;或表示“覆盖在……上面”。
above表示在离开某物的上方，强调高于某一点或某物，但不一定在垂直的上方，反义词是below。
3.in, on二者均可表示“在……上”，描述两个物体的接触情况。on侧重于表面接触，而in侧重于接触的深度。英语中的某些习惯表达常用in或on。若打击某人的脸、眼、嘴、胸、腹等部位时，用in，而打击头、额、鼻、耳、颈、肩、腿等部位时，用on。表示树本身生长出来的枝、叶、花、果等，用on the tree，但表示树本身以外的人或动物“在树上”，用in the tree，意指被枝叶遮掩其中。
4.over和above都可以表示在数量上“多于”的意思，但above一般用于表示与“最低限度”或“标准”有关的事物，而over则表示“多于”，相当于more than，其反义词是under(=less than)。
5.above表示“级别、地位、重要性等高于……” , over则强调“控制、掌握、权威、优越”等。
跟踪练习1
1.根据汉语提示，用正确的介词完成句子。
a. The ball hit the man on the bike the back.(打在背上)
b. When Bob tried to catch hold of John's arm, John hit him hard the face.(打他的脸)
c. The plane flew the clouds.(在云层上)
d. The bridge the river has long history.(河上)
e. The cat is sleeping the chair.(椅子下)
f. There is good news today's newspaper.(在报纸上)
g. There are some apples the tree and some birds are singing the tree.(在树上)
h. There is a window the wall.(墙上)
i. Japan is/lies the east of China.(在中国东部)
j. Beijing lies the north of China.(在中国北部)
k. Maria is leaving for France soon by air. She will arrive Paris(到巴黎) the morning of August 8th.(在8月8日早晨)
答案：a. on b. in c. above d. over e. under f. in g. on/in h. in i. to j. in k. in/on
二、方位介词2
1.in, on与at跟地点，“大小”要分辨! in后接较大的地方，如in Beijing, in Japan。 on常用在一些习惯用语中，如on a farm, on the moon。 at后接较小的地方，如 at a village, at the bus stop。
2.between与among“在……之间”，“数量”有限!between“在(两者) ……中间”，among“在(三者或三者以上)……之间”。
3.on, beneath, above, below, over, under, past, opposite, through, across, along的区别
如图所示：
3.across, over与through巧妙“穿过”! across强调从某个平面的一边到另一边;over侧重越过某种障碍物，如山脉、墙等;through指从某个立体空间内穿过。如图所示：
跟踪练习2：
1.He suddenly saw Sue the room. He pushed his way the crowd of people to get to her.
A. across; across B. over; through C. over; into D. across; through
2.Sean has formed the habit of jogging the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.
A. between B. along C. below D. with
3.Four Chinese models were the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition.
A. among B. between C. along D. beside
4.Connie arrived the village a snowy night.
A. at; on B. at; in C. in; at D. in; on
5.His grade in the exam put him the top students in his class.
A. between B. over C. among D. above
6.—Excuse me, where is the bookstore?
—Go the bridge. You'll see it on your left.
A. on B. cross C. across D. through
答案：DBAACC
