一、动词时态语态(重中之重,语法填空、短文改错必出)1. 8大核心时态一般现在时:客观真理、习惯、状态一般过去时:过去特定时间动作(有过去时间词)现在进行时:此刻/现阶段正在做过去进行时:过去某一刻正在发生现在完成时(have/has done):重点!过去动作对现在有影响;since/for/so far/in the past few years过去完成时(had done):过去的过去(两个过去动作,先发生的用had done)一般将来时:will / be going to现在完成进行时(have/has been doing):动作持续,可能还在继续2. 被动语态结构:be + done;注意没有被动的词:happen、appear、belong to、take place3. 主谓一致就远原则:as well as, together with, except 看前面主语就近原则:either…or / neither…nor / not only…but also集合名词:family, team 可单(整体)可复(成员)二、非谓语动词(语法填空第一梯队考点)to do(不定式):目的、将来;打算、想要(want/hope to do)doing(动名词/现在分词):主动、进行;介词后面固定加doingdone(过去分词):被动、完成✅ 高频固定搭配:stop to do / stop doing;remember to do / remember doing;have sb do / have sth done;with +宾语 +to do/doing/done三、三大从句(阅读理解、语法填空、写作都用)1. 定语从句(修饰名词)关系代词:that(人/物), which(物), who(人), whom(宾格), whose(所属,…的)只用that情况:先行词不定代词、最高级、序数词非限制性定语从句:逗号隔开,不能用that,which可指代前面整件事2. 名词性从句(主语/宾语/表语/同位语从句)引导词:that(无含义,不做成分);whether(是否);what(什么,做主/宾);where/when/why/how⚠️ 区分:同位语从句that不充当成分;定语从句that在从句做主宾3. 状语从句时间:when/while/as(while只能接延续性动词)条件:if, unless(除非)让步:though/although(不能和but连用!写作易错点)原因:because, since, as结果:so…that… / such…that…四、情态动词can/could(能力、推测否定can’t);may/might(可能性弱)must(必须;肯定推测);mustn’t 禁止(≠不必)need(需要);needn’t = don’t have to 不必should(应该;竟然)👉 推测考点:肯定推测must;否定推测can’t;可能may/might五、虚拟语气(难点,短文改错、语法填空)1. if 虚拟条件句与现在相反:if did, would do与过去相反:if had done, would have done与将来相反:if should do / were to do, would do2. 固定句型:wish / as if / would rather / It’s high time that…3. 建议类虚拟:suggest / advise / insist that (should) do,should可省六、特殊句式1. 倒装部分倒装:only+状语放句首;否定词never/seldom/little放句首完全倒装:Here comes…2. 强调句:It is/was +被强调部分 +that/who…(判断方法:去掉it is…that句子完整)3. 省略句、替代(so do I / so I do 高频辨析)4. there be 句型七、冠词、代词、介词冠词:a/an泛指;the特指;零冠词(三餐、球类、月份)代词:it / that / one 替代辨析;不定代词something, anything介词:固定搭配(on/in时间介词、动词+介词短语,改错高频)八、形容词 & 副词比较级、最高级;比较级修饰词(much/far +比较级)形容词作状语、分词形容词(exciting令人兴奋 / excited感到兴奋)九、并列连词and, but, or, so;not only…but also…;both…and…复习小建议语法填空最爱考:非谓语 > 定语从句 > 时态语态 > 冠词介词写作加分:状语从句、定语从句、强调句、倒装句(少量使用提升档次)读者朋友们,帮我点一下关注