初二上英语语法 Unit 3 语法 形容词的比较级和最高级的用法

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初二上英语语法 Unit 3 语法 形容词的比较级和最高级的用法

一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成

一. 单音节词和少数双音节词比较级和最高级的规则变化

规则

原级

比较级

最高级

1. 直接在词尾加.er / .est

tall

taller

tallest

2. 大多数以e 结尾的形容词,加⁃r / ⁃st

nice

nicer

nicest

3. 辅音字母+y 结尾,改y 改为⁃ier / ⁃iest

happy

happier

happiest

4. 重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写加⁃er / ⁃est

thin

thinner

thinnest

big

bigger

biggest

hot

hotter

hottest

fat

fatter

fattest

wet

wetter

wettest

2. 多音节词与部分双音节词,在该词前面加more / most。例如:

beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful;

useful→more useful→most useful

二、形容词比较级和最高级的用法和常用结构

1. 比较级

1)用来比较同类的两个人或事物

常见结构为:A + be +形容词比较级+ than +B。例如:

I am taller thanyou. 我比你高。

This book is more interesting than that one. 这本书比那本书更有趣。(多音节)

2) “比较级+and +比较级”(单音节形容词)或“more and more +多音节形容词” 意为“越来越。。。”

The weather is getting colder and colder. 天气变得越来越冷了。(单音节)

Guangzhou is becoming more and more beautiful. 广州变得越来越漂亮了。(多音节)

3a lot 多/ much多/ far多/ even甚至 / still 仍然/ a little 一点/ a bit一点+ 形容词比较级:表示程度。例如:

This question is much easierthan that one. 这个问题比那个容易多了。

He is even richer than me. 他甚至比我还富有。

This computer is a little more expensivethan that one. 这台电脑比那台电脑贵一点。

2. 最高级

1)三个或三个以上的人或事物比较,用最高级。

常见结构为:A + be + the + 形容词最高级+ 比较范围(of/ among +同类的人/物,in +范围)。例如:

I amthe tallest in the class. 我是班里最高的。

This computer is the most expensive in that shop. 在那商店,这台电脑是最贵的。

2)one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数:最。。。之一。

She is one of the tallest girls in our class. 她是我们班最高的女生之一。

Guangzhou is one of the most beautiful cities in China.  广州是中国最美丽的城市之一。

练习
 一.请写出以下形容词的比较级和最高级形式。
1.big   _______   _________
2. happy _______  ________
3. interesting  ______  _________
4. careful _______ ________
5. large  _______   _______
二.根据句意,用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。
6. Her homework is_______( difficult ) than mine .(difficult)
7. Among all my friends , Tom is ________ ( patient ).
8. The math problems are becoming _____and______( hard ).
9. This story is really ______, and that story is even _______ ( funny ).
10. In summer , it ' s _______ in Guangzhou and it ' s a little ________in Chongqing . Wuhan is one of _________ cities in summer . (hot)
三.单项选择。(  )11. The number of the penguins was once much _______ but it isn ' t very big any more . A . big  B . bigger  C . biggest  D . the biggest 
(   )12. He worked on it with the _____care , but the corn was  dying because there had been no rain for a long time . A . great  B . greater  C . much greater  D . greatest 
(   )13. Looking after her all by himself was hardly ______way to spend a Saturday morning . A . exciting  B . the most exciting  C . more exciting  D . much more exciting 
(    )14. In our school library , the number of science books is ______than that of storybooks . A . large  B . more larger
 C . far larger D . the largest 
(   )15. Which is _______shirt in the clothing store ?  A . cheap B . cheaper 
C . the cheapest D . more cheap 
答案
一.1.bigger  biggest
   2.happier   happiest
  3.more interesting  
  most interesting
  4.more careful  most careful
  5.larger  largest
二.6.more difficult
  7.the most patient
  8.harder harder
  9.funny  funnier
  10 hot  hotter   the hottest
三11.B12.D13.B14 C15.C

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