初一英语代词全解:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词,一篇讲透

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初一英语代词全解:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词,一篇讲透

孩子学英语,代词是绕不过去的一道坎。我家孩子最近也总错:

I 和 me 分不清

my 和 mine 搞混

he 和 him 用反

不知道什么时候用 myself

今天把初一常考的代词一次讲清楚。建议先关注,再让孩子一节一节看。每讲完一段规则,我都配了顺口溜。

📌 家长速查版(没时间看全文,只看这里)

今晚陪学三句话:

“这个代词在动词前面还是后面?”

前面用 I/he/they,后面用 me/him/them。

“后面有没有名词?有名词用 my/your/his,没名词用 mine/yours/his。”

“主语和宾语是不是同一个人?是就用反身代词。”

最简单的判断:

动词前面用 I/he/they,动词后面用 me/him/them。

后面有名词用 my/your/his,后面没名词用 mine/yours/his。

孩子错了怎么讲:

孩子写成

错在哪

怎么讲

Me am a student.

主语用主格

“做主语用 I,me 是宾格”

I like he.

宾语用宾格

“动词后面用 him,不用 he”

Give it to I.

介词后面用宾格

“to 后面用 me,不用 I”

This is my.

形容词性后面要加名词

“my 后面要加名词,比如 my book”

This book is my.

名词性物主代词

“后面没有名词,用 mine”

These is my books.

these 后面用 are

“these 是复数,配 are”

He hurt he.

主语和宾语同一个人用反身代词

“主语是 he,宾语也是他,用 himself”

一张纸顺口溜:

主格做主语,宾格做宾语;

形容词性后面加名词,名词性后面不加;

主语宾语同一人,反身代词来帮忙。

一、什么是代词?

代词,就是代替名词的词。

比如:

Tom is a boy. He is my friend.(用 He 代替 Tom)

I like apples. I like them.(用 them 代替 apples)

代词的作用是避免重复。英语代词分好几种,初一主要学这四种:

类型

作用

例子

人称代词

代替人或物

I, you, he, she, it, we, they

物主代词

表示“谁的”

my, your, his, her, our, their

反身代词

表示“自己”

myself, yourself, himself

指示代词

表示“这个/那个”

this, that, these, those

二、人称代词:主格和宾格

人称代词分主格和宾格,这是孩子最容易混的地方。

1. 主格和宾格对照表

人称

主格

宾格

第一人称单数

I

me

第二人称单数

you

you

第三人称单数

he / she / it

him / her / it

第一人称复数

we

us

第二人称复数

you

you

第三人称复数

they

them

2. 什么时候用主格?什么时候用宾格?

主格:做主语,放在动词前面。

I am a student.

He is my friend.

They are playing football.

宾格:做宾语,放在动词或介词后面。

She likes me.

I know him.

Give it to them.

This is for us.

介词后面一定用宾格:

for me / to him / with us / from them

❌ Give it to I. → ✅ Give it to me.

3. 怎么判断用主格还是宾格?

教孩子一个简单方法:

把句子还原成陈述句,看这个代词在动词前面还是后面。

动词前面→ 主格

动词/介词后面 → 宾格

例子:

___ am a student. → 动词 am 前面 → 用 I(主格)

She likes ___. → 动词 likes 后面 → 用 me(宾格)

Give the book to ___. → 介词 to 后面 → 用 him(宾格)

📝 人称代词顺口溜

主格做主语,动词前面站;

宾格做宾语,动词介词后面跟。

I me, you you, he him, she her,

we us, they them,一定要分清。

三、物主代词:形容词性和名词性

物主代词表示“谁的”,分两种:

1. 形容词性物主代词(后面必须加名词)

人称

形容词性

例子

第一人称单数

my

my book

第二人称单数

your

your pen

第三人称单数

his / her / its

his bag / her cat / its tail

第一人称复数

our

our school

第二人称复数

your

your books

第三人称复数

their

their teacher

注意: its 是物主代词,表示“它的”;it’s = it is,别搞混。

its 和 it’s 的区别:

its:它的(后面加名词)

The dog wagged its tail. 狗摇了它的尾巴。

it’s:它是(= it is)

It’s a nice day. 今天天气真好。

关键:形容词性物主代词后面必须加名词。

✅ This is my book.

❌ This is my.(后面没名词,不能用 my)

2. 名词性物主代词(后面不加名词)

人称

名词性

例子

第一人称单数

mine

It‘s mine.

第二人称单数

yours

It’s yours.

第三人称单数

his / hers / its

It‘s his. / It’s hers.

第一人称复数

ours

It‘s ours.

第二人称复数

yours

It’s yours.

第三人称复数

theirs

It‘s theirs.

关键:名词性物主代词后面不加名词,因为它本身就等于“形容词性 + 名词”。

公式:名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词

my book = mine

your pen = yours

his bag = his

her cat = hers

This is my book. = This book is mine.

That is her pen. = That pen is hers.

3. 怎么判断用形容词性还是名词性?

看后面有没有名词:

后面有名词→ 形容词性(my, your, his, her...)

后面没有名词→ 名词性(mine, yours, his, hers...)

例子:

This is ___ book. → 后面有 book → 用 my

This book is ___. → 后面没有名词 → 用 mine

📝 物主代词顺口溜

形容词性后面加名词,my book, your pen;

名词性后面不加词,mine, yours, his, hers;

有名词用形容词,没名词用名词性;

my 和 mine 别搞混,看后面有没有名词。

四、反身代词:表示“自己”

反身代词表示动作又回到主语自己身上。

1. 反身代词对照表

人称

反身代词

第一人称单数

myself

第二人称单数

yourself

第三人称单数

himself / herself / itself

第一人称复数

ourselves

第二人称复数

yourselves

第三人称复数

themselves

2. 什么时候用反身代词?

主语和宾语是同一个人时,宾语用反身代词。

He hurt himself.(他伤了自己,主语和宾语都是他)

She teaches herself English.(她自学英语)

I made the cake myself.(我自己做的蛋糕)

对比:

Tom hurt him.(Tom 伤了另一个人)

Tom hurt himself.(Tom 伤了自己)

3. 常见固定搭配

byoneself:独自

He finished the work by himself. 他独自完成了工作。

enjoy oneself:玩得开心

Did you enjoy yourself at the party? 你在聚会上玩得开心吗?

help oneself to:随便吃

Help yourself to some fish. 随便吃点鱼。

teach oneself:自学

She taught herself English. 她自学英语。

📝 反身代词顺口溜

主语宾语同一人,反身代词来帮忙;

myself, yourself, himself,

herself, itself, ourselves,

yourselves, themselves,

cyoneself 是独自,enjoy oneself 玩开心。

五、指示代词:this, that, these, those

单数复数用法

thisthese指近处

thatthose指远处

例子:

This is my book.(这个,近处)

These are my books.(这些,近处)

That is your pen.(那个,远处)

Those are your pens.(那些,远处)

注意:

this/that 后面用 is

these/those 后面用 are

📝 指示代词顺口溜

this 这个近处指,these 这些复数用;

that 那个远处指,those 那些复数用;

this that 配 is,these those 配 are。

六、易错点(8个)

主格宾格混用

❌ Me am a student. → ✅ I am a student.

❌ I like he. → ✅ I like him.

形容词性和名词性混用

❌ This is my. → ✅ This is mine.

❌ This book is my. → ✅ This book is mine.

his 和 her 混用

❌ This is my sister. His name is Lily.

✅ This is my sister. Her name is Lily.

(sister 是女性,用 her,不用 his)

反身代词用错人称

❌ He hurt herself. → ✅ He hurt himself.

this/these 和 is/are 搭配错

❌ These is my books. → ✅ These are my books.

its 和 it’s 混用

❌ The dog wagged it‘s tail. → ✅ The dog wagged its tail.

(its 是物主代词,it’s = it is)

介词后面用主格

❌ Give it to I. → ✅ Give it to me.

反身代词和宾格混用

❌ I hurt me. → ✅ I hurt myself.

❌ He looked at him in the mirror. → ✅ He looked at himself in the mirror.

(主语和宾语是同一个人,必须用反身代词)

七、代词总顺口溜(建议截图保存)

主格做主语,宾格做宾语;

形容词性后面加名词,名词性后面不加;

主语宾语同一人,反身代词来帮忙;

this these 近处指,that those 远处指;

代词用法记心间,做题不会再搞乱。

八、家长陪学三句话(再强调一遍)

“这个代词在动词前面还是后面?”

“后面有没有名词?有名词用形容词性,没名词用名词性。”

“主语和宾语是不是同一个人?是就用反身代词。”

孩子能说清楚理由,比直接写对答案更重要。

初一英语代词专项练习20题(含答案与解析)

用所给代词的正确形式填空。

建议让孩子先独立完成,再对答案,最后看解析。题目为混编版,覆盖人称代词、物主代词、反身代词和指示代词。

一、练习题(20题)

1.This is ______ (I) book. Don’t touch it.

2.Please give the pen to ______ (she).

3.Tom and Jack are good friends. ______ (they) often play football together.

4.This is not my bag. ______ (I) is over there.

5.The little girl can dress ______ (she).

6.______ (we) teacher is very kind to us.

7.I can‘t find ______ (I) ruler. Can you help ______ (I)?

8.These books are ______ (they). Those are ______ (we).

9.Look at ______ (he). He is running so fast.

10.Did you enjoy ______ (you) at the party?

11.______ (this) are my new shoes.

12.My father is a doctor. ______ (he) works in a big hospital.

13.The cat is licking ______ (it) paws.

14.______ (you) pen is on the desk. Where is ______ (I)?

15.She hurt ______ (she) when she fell off the bike.

16.______ (that) are my parents over there.

17.Help ______ (you) to some fish, children.

18.I made this cake ______ (I).

19.The books on the desk are ______ (he), not ______ (she).

20.______ (we) should learn to look after ______ (we).

题号

答案

考点

1

my

形容词性物主代词,后面加名词book

2

her

介词to 后面用宾格

3

They

主语用主格

4

Mine

名词性物主代词,后面没有名词

5

herself

主语the little girl 和宾语同一人,用反身代词

6

Our

形容词性物主代词,后面加名词teacher

7

my; me

第一个后面有名词用my;第二个动词 help 后面用宾格 me

8

theirs; ours

名词性物主代词,后面没有名词

9

him

介词at 后面用宾格

10

yourself

主语you 和宾语同一人,用反身代词

11

These

复数指示代词,配are

12

He

主语用主格

13

its

物主代词,表示“它的”

14

Your; mine

第一个后面有名词用Your;第二个后面没名词用 mine

15

herself

主语she 和宾语同一人,用反身代词

16

Those

复数指示代词,配are

17

yourselves

主语children 是复数,宾语同一人,用反身代词

18

myself

主语I 和宾语同一人,用反身代词

19

his; hers

名词性物主代词,后面没有名词

20

We; ourselves

第一个主语用主格;第二个主语和宾语同一人,用反身代词

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