本模块为2023年医学考博英语真题精讲，医学考博英语共五种题型：听力、词汇、完形填空、阅读理解、翻译与写作。整套真题精讲计划用时17天，本次是阅读理解部分精讲，计划用时六天，今天是第六天。
题量、分值及时间分配
阅读理解板块一共30道单选题，每题1分。试题由6篇短文组成，单篇文章字数区间为300–500词，每篇文章对应5道小题，考生需要阅读文章后，从四个选项中挑选最佳答案。整套医学考博英语统考总时长165分钟，答题分为两大板块：试卷一作答限时115分钟，试卷二写作部分安排50分钟。试卷一包含听力、词汇、完形填空、阅读理解。听力部分固定占用30分钟，剩余时间需要分配给其余题型。阅读理解建议预留65分钟作答，每篇约用时10分钟。这就要求考生加快词汇、完形填空的做题速度，防止最后没有充足时间完成阅读题目。
阅读理解部分计划
阅读理解部分共六篇文章，每篇文章有五道选择题。为保证阅读的连贯性与上下文的一致性，该部分每日精讲一篇文章，分六天完成。今日精讲第六篇文章。后附答案解析、解题技巧及高频考点总结。
For all the technological wonders of modern medicine, from gene‑editing to fetal surgery, health care—with its fax machines and clipboards—is often stubbornly antiquated. This outdated era is slowly drawing to a close as, belatedly, the industry catches up with the artificial‑intelligence (AI) revolution. And none too soon, argues Eric Topol, a cardiologist and enthusiast for digital medicine.
Dr. Topol’s vision of medicine’s future is optimistic. He thinks AI will be particularly useful for repetitive, error‑prone tasks, such as sifting images, scrutinizing heart traces for abnormalities or transcribing doctors’ words into patient records. It will be able to harness masses of data to work out optimal treatments (for both conditions and individuals), and improve workflows in hospitals. In short, AI is set to save time, lives and money.
Much of this is hypothetical—but AI is already outperforming people in a variety of narrow jobs for which it has been trained. Eventually it may be able to diagnose and treat a wider range of diseases. Even then, Dr. Topol thinks, humans would oversee the algorithms, rather than being replaced by them.
The fear, for some people, is that AI will be used to deepen the assembly‑line culture of modern medicine. If it confers a “gift of time” on doctors, he argues that this bonus should be used to prolong consultations, rather than simply speeding through them more efficiently.
That is a fine idea, but as health swallows an ever‑bigger share of national wealth, greater efficiency is exactly what is needed, at least so far as governments and insurers are concerned. Otherwise, rich societies may fail to cope with the needs of ageing and growing populations. An extra five minutes spent chatting with a patient is costly as well as valuable. The AI revolution will also empower managerial bean‑counters, who will increasingly be able to calibrate and appraise every aspect of treatment. The autonomy of the doctor will inevitably be undermined, especially, perhaps, in public‑health systems which are duty‑bound to trim inessential costs.
The Hippocratic Oath holds that there is an art to medicine as well as a science, and that “warmth, sympathy and understanding may outweigh the surgeon’s knife or the chemist’s drug”. That is not just a platitude: the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to fare better. As Dr. Topol says, it is hard to imagine that a robot could really replace a human doctor. Yet as demand for health care outstrips the supply of human carers, the future may involve consultations on smartphones and measurements monitored by chatbots. The considerately warmed stethoscope, placed gently on a patient’s back, may become a relic of the past.
In the end, technology may even be able to solve the empathy deficit. Japanese engineers are working on robots that simulate human presence, or sonzai‑kan. A machine could never truly develop the shared humanity that helps patients heal. That doesn’t mean it cannot be faked.
86. What is true of health care based on Paragraph One?
A. Technological advancement has taken place.
B. It develops not as fast as modern medicine.
C. It won’t be long for health care to be revolutionized with AI.
D. It staggers because fax machines and clipboards have to be used.
87. According to Dr. Topol, what should humans do to AI?
A. To compete with AI for curing people.
B. To beat AI by giving some orders.
C. To supervise the program that AI works with.
D. To replace AI to save time, energy and money.
88. What does “this bonus” mean in the fourth paragraph?
A. Assembly‑line culture.
B. Modern medicine.
C. Gift of time.
D. Consultations by doctors.
89. The Hippocratic Oath is quoted to ______.
A. highlight what AI cannot do
B. exemplify why AI should be supervised
C. advocate what is essential in medical care
D. warn doctors to follow the principles
90. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. AI in health care: the best weapon
B. Hippocratic Oath: gone with the AI
C. Be careful, your doctor feels cold
D. Digital medicine: to have or not to have
答案速查：86. B 87. C 88. C 89. C 90. D
本文探讨人工智能在医疗领域的应用，介绍AI可承担大量重复性医疗工作，专家认为人类应当监督AI算法而非被其取代，同时讨论AI带来效率提升的同时，也会冲击医疗中的人文关怀，机器可以模拟共情，但无法真正拥有人性。
【参考译文】
尽管现代医学拥有从基因编辑到胎儿手术等种种技术奇迹，但医疗行业依旧还在用传真机和剪贴板，常常顽固地落后于时代。随着医疗行业姗姗来迟地跟上人工智能革命的步伐，这个陈旧的时代正慢慢走向终结。心脏病专家、数字医学爱好者埃里克·托波尔认为，这一天来得正是时候。
托波尔博士对医学的未来持乐观态度。他认为人工智能对于重复性、容易出错的工作会格外有用，例如筛选影像、仔细检查心脏记录寻找异常，或是把医生口述转录为病人病历。AI能够利用海量数据制定最优治疗方案（针对病症与个体），优化医院工作流程。简言之，人工智能有望节省时间、挽救生命、节约开支。
这其中大部分还只是设想，但在其接受训练的各类专项工作中，AI的表现已经优于人类。未来它或许可以诊断、治疗更多种类的疾病。即便如此，托波尔博士认为，人类应当监督算法，而非被算法取代。
有些人担心，人工智能会加剧现代医疗的流水线式文化。如果AI为医生带来“时间馈赠”，他认为这份额外时间应当用来延长问诊，而不是单纯更高效地草草完成问诊。
这个想法固然很好，但医疗开支占据国家财富的比重越来越大，至少对政府和保险公司而言，提升效率正是迫切所需。否则富裕社会将难以应对人口老龄化与人口增长带来的医疗需求。多花五分钟和病人交谈固然珍贵，但成本也很高。人工智能革命也会让管理层的核算人员拥有更大权力，他们会越来越多地对治疗的各个方面进行评估衡量。医生的自主权将不可避免地受到削弱，在有义务削减非必要开支的公共医疗体系中尤其如此。
《希波克拉底誓言》认为医学既是一门科学，也是一门艺术，“温情、共情与理解，其价值可能胜过外科手术刀与药剂师的药物”。这并非空洞的套话：事实证明，富有同理心的医生，其病人恢复情况会更好。正如托波尔博士所言，很难想象机器人能够真正取代人类医生。然而随着医疗需求超过医护人员的供给，未来可能出现智能手机问诊、聊天机器人监测身体指标。那台被细心捂热、轻轻放在病人后背的听诊器，或许将成为过往遗物。
归根结底，技术甚至有可能弥补共情的缺失。日本工程师正在研发可以模拟人类在场感的机器人。机器永远无法真正拥有帮助病人康复的共通人性，但这不代表它不能伪装出这种共情。
【精解精析】
86. What is true of health care based on Paragraph One?
A. Technological advancement has taken place.
B. It develops not as fast as modern medicine.
C. It won’t be long for health care to be revolutionized with AI.
D. It staggers because fax machines and clipboards have to be used.
句意：根据第一段，关于医疗行业说法正确的是？
定位原文 For all the technological wonders of modern medicine, from gene‑editing to fetal surgery, health care—with its fax machines and clipboards—is often stubbornly antiquated.
尽管现代医学取得众多技术成就，但医疗服务体系依旧陈旧落后。
A错误：取得技术进步的对象是modern medicine（现代医学），不是health care（医疗服务体系）。
B正确：现代医学技术成果丰富，而医疗服务体系仍然老旧，说明医疗服务体系发展速度比不上现代医学。
C错误：原文写的是这个旧时代slowly（缓慢地）走向终结，won’t be long表示“很快、不久”，和slowly矛盾。
D错误：传真机、剪贴板只是医疗体系落后的外在表现，并不是造成其发展滞后的原因。
87. According to Dr. Topol, what should humans do to AI?
A. To compete with AI for curing people.
B. To beat AI by giving some orders.
C. To supervise the program that AI works with.
D. To replace AI to save time, energy and money.
句意：根据托波尔博士的观点，人类应当如何对待人工智能？
原文“humans would oversee the algorithms, rather than being replaced by them.”，人类要监督AI的算法程序。A错误，不是和AI竞争治病；B错误，不是下达命令击败AI；C正确，监督AI运行的程序；D错误，不是取代AI。故选C。
88. What does “this bonus” mean in the fourth paragraph?
A. Assembly‑line culture.
B. Modern medicine.
C. Gift of time.
D. Consultations by doctors.
句意：第四段中“this bonus”指代什么？
前一句“If it confers a “gift of time” on doctors, he argues that this bonus should be used to prolong consultations”，bonus对应前文gift of time（时间馈赠）。A流水线文化；B现代医学；C时间馈赠；D医生问诊。故选C。
89. The Hippocratic Oath is quoted to ______.
A. highlight what AI cannot do
B. exemplify why AI should be supervised
C. advocate what is essential in medical care
D. warn doctors to follow the principles
题型判断：推理判断题
句意：引用《希波克拉底誓言》的目的是什么？
解析：誓言强调医学除了科学，还需要温情、共情、理解这类人文要素，倡导医疗中必不可少的人文关怀。A错误，不是突出AI做不到的事；B错误，不是举例说明为何要监督AI；C正确，倡导医疗中至关重要的人文要素；D错误，不是警告医生遵守原则。故选C。
90. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. AI in health care: the best weapon
B. Hippocratic Oath: gone with the AI
C. Be careful, your doctor feels cold
D. Digital medicine: to have or not to have
题型判断：主旨大意题
句意：本文最佳标题是？
解析：全文围绕AI数字医疗，既讲AI的优势，也讨论AI带来的人文缺失，探讨数字医疗利弊，即数字医疗该不该发展。A错误，文章没有说AI是最好武器；B错误，希波克拉底誓言不会随AI消失；C只是文中一个细节；D正确，数字医学：究竟要不要拥有。故选D。
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阅读理解中的长难句
想要吃透阅读理解，首要突破口便是攻克长难句。每一个完整语句都是阅读材料最基础的语义载体。即便医博统考阅读充斥专业内容，它的出题考点和常规阅读文章并没有区别。因此在搞定生词以后，解析句子就成了阅读学习的核心任务。
所有英文语句均可拆分成核心主干与附加修饰。主干由主谓宾构成；而定语、状语、插入语，是三大修饰类型。处理复杂长句可以依照固定顺序操作：先拆解成简短易懂的分句，筛除掉起修饰作用的结构，抓住主干之后再一层层剖析剩余成分。
诸多提示标记能够帮助我们切割长难句，其中包含后置定语、连接词、从句引导词、介词、不定式符号to、分词以及标点符号。主语后面附带的修饰成分时常会干扰谓语的识别，所以学会剥离后置定语十分必要。
常用并列和从属连词有 and, or, but, yet, for, when, as, since, until, before, after, because, (al)though, so‑that；关系代词 that、which、who、whom、whose 和关系副词 when、where、why、how 用来搭建各类从句；介词短语、不定式短语能够承担定语、状语的功能，也适合作为分句断点；标点符号则分隔主句主体和修饰信息。
【词汇积累】
1. antiquated adj. 陈旧的，过时的
2. belatedly adv. 迟来地
3. scrutinize v. 仔细检查
4. optimal adj. 最佳的，最优的
5. hypothetical adj. 假设的
6. algorithm n. 算法
7. confer v. 赋予，授予
8. undermine v. 削弱，破坏
9. platitude n. 陈词滥调
10. empathy n. 共情，同理心
【难句精讲】
For all the technological wonders of modern medicine, from gene‑editing to fetal surgery, health care—with its fax machines and clipboards—is often stubbornly antiquated.
整句框架
简单句（只有一套主谓），大量插入语、分隔结构。 核心主干：health care is often stubbornly antiquated.
句子成分分析
1. 句首让步状语：For all the technological wonders of modern medicine
For all = 尽管，虽然
For all：尽管 the technological wonders：中心名词，技术奇迹 of modern medicine：后置定语，修饰 wonders → 现代医学的种种技术奇迹
2. 插入举例短语：from gene‑editing to fetal surgery
介词短语，后置举例，修饰前面 technological wonders
gene-editing 基因编辑 fetal surgery 胎儿外科手术
3. 主句主语：health care
4. 破折号插入语（分隔主谓）：—with its fax machines and clipboards—
介词短语作插入补充，把主语和谓语隔开。
with its fax machines and clipboards：（却）仍在使用传真机与纸质剪贴板
its 指代 health care
5. 主句谓语：is
6. 表语：often stubbornly antiquated
antiquated 形容词：陈旧的、过时的 stubbornly 副词修饰 antiquated：顽固地、执拗地（拟人化修辞，指医疗体系很难革新） often：频度副词
