真题出处：1987年第1篇
难度系数：6.75
维度1：真题再现（阅读理解）
For centuries men dreamed of achieving vertical flight. In 400 A.D. Chinese children played with a fan-like toy that spun upwards and fell back to earth as rotation ceased. Leonardo da Vinci conceive the first mechanical apparatus, called a “Helix,” which could carry man straight up, but was only a design and was never tested.
The ancient-dream was finally realized in 1940 when a Russian engineer piloted a strange looking craft of steel tubing with a rotating fan on top. It rose awkwardly and vertically into the air from a standing start, hovered a few feet above the ground, went sideways and backwards, and then settled back to earth. The vehicle was called a helicopter.
Imaginations were fired. Men dreamed of going to work in their own personal helicopters. People anticipate that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers as do the airliners of today. Such fantastic expectations were not fulfilled.
The helicopter has now become an extremely useful machine. It excels in military missions, carrying troops, guns and strategic instruments where other aircraft cannot go. Corporations use them as airborne offices, many metropolitan areas use them in police work, construction and logging companies employ them in various advantageous ways, engineers use them for site selection and surveying, and oil companies use them as the best way to make offshore and remote work stations accessible to crews and supplies. Any urgent mission to a hard-to-get-to place is a likely task for a helicopter. Among their other multitude of uses: deliver people across town, fly to and from airports, assist in rescue work, and aid in the search for missing or wanted persons.
1.People expect that ________.
[A] the airliners of today would eventually be replaced by helicopters
[B] helicopters would someday be able to transport large number of people from place to place as airliners are now doing
[C] the imaginations fired by the Russian engineer’s invention would become a reality in the future
[D] their fantastic expectations about helicopters could be fulfilled by airliners of today
2.Helicopters work with the aid of ________.
[A] a combination of rotating devices in front and on top
[B] a rotating device topside
[C] one rotating fan in the center of the aircraft and others at each end
[D] a rotating fan underneath for lifting
3.What is said about the development of the helicopter?
[A] Helicopters have only been worked on by man since 1940.
[B] Chinese children were the first to achieve flight in helicopters.
[C] Helicopters were considered more dangerous than the early airplanes.
[D] Some people thought they would become widely used by average individuals.
4.How has the use of helicopters developed?
[A] They have been widely used for various purposes.
[B] They are taking the place of high-flying jets.
[C] They are used for rescue work.
[D] They are now used exclusively for commercial projects.
5.Under what conditions are helicopters found to be absolutely essential?
[A] For overseas passenger transportation.
[B] For extremely high altitude flights.
[C] For high-speed transportation.
[D] For urgent mission to places inaccessible to other kinds of craft.
维度2：语块快递
1.to conceive the first mechanical apparatus构思出首台机械装置
2.to realize the ancient dream实现古老的梦想
3.to fire imaginations激发想象力
4.to fulfil expectations达成预期；满足期望
5.in an advantageous way以有利的方式
6.remote work stations accessible to crews and supplies人员与补给物资可抵达的远程工作站
7.a multitude of uses 广泛的用途
8.to fly to and from airports往返机场飞行
9.to assist in rescue work协助开展救援工作
10.in the search for missing or wanted persons搜寻失踪人员或通缉人员
维度3：写译句型
借鉴的语言点：词组式复合形容词
英语和汉语的句子扩充机制不同，英语是右向型发展语言，汉语是左向型发展语言，即英语的定语多半置于核心名词的右边，构成后位定语（英语名词的前位定语主要是形容词和少量名词）。例如，语块the book on the desk中，介词词组置于核心名词the book右边，构成后位定语；而汉语核心名词的定语是置于该名词的左边，如the book on the desk这个名词词组对应的汉语译文就是“桌子上的书”，定语“桌子上”就出现在名词“书”的左边。
英语写作和英汉互译中，我们可以通过改变句子结构来增强表达力，其中的一条举措就是变后位修饰语为前位修饰语。例如，我们可以把语块to conduct an investigation on the spot（现场调查）改写为to conduct an on-the-spot investigation。该语块中的on the spot是一个介词词组，而使用了连字符后，on-the-spot就变成词组式复合形容词。再请看阅读文章最后一段倒数第二句：Any urgent mission to a hard-to-get-to place is a likely task for a helicopter. 该句中的 a hard-to-get-to place的原型结构是a place (that is) hard to get。如果我们把hard to get或that is hard to get放在a place之后，它们就是后位修饰语，把这个词组中的所有单词用连字符号连接起来，就构成词组式复合形容词。请看下面的例子：
1.a hard-to-solve problem一个难以解决的问题
2.a life-and-death struggle 殊死搏斗
3.a never-to-be-repeated opportunity一个永远不会再有的机会
4.a not-so-strong football team 一支实力不怎么强的足球队
5.a soon-to-be-married couple一对即将结婚的情侣
6.a word-for-wordtranslation 逐字翻译
7.an easy-to-use interface一个易于使用的界面
8.an out-of-the-way mountain cottage 偏僻的山庄
9.around-the-clock service全天候服务
10.on-the-job training在职培训
再请看真题中的词组式复合形容词：
Federally funded training and free back-to-school programs for laid-off workers are under way, but few experts believe they will be able to keep up with the pace of the new technology.为失业工人提供的由联邦政府帮助的培训计划和免费重返学校学习的计划目前都在实施中，但专家中几乎没有认为这些计划能跟得上新技术的发展步伐。（1989年考研英语（一）英译汉）
However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible. 然而，目前仍然无法预测超光速旅行何时能够实现、人类克隆技术何时能够臻于完善，以及时间旅行何时会成为可能。（2001年考研英语（一）英译汉）
思考点：如何借助于连字符号，把名词后面的词组转写为复合形容词，然后放到该名词前面，构成阅卷员眼中的闪关点。
汉译英练习
请将下面的句子翻译成英语，划线部分请使用词组式复合形容词。
1.他们看到不久的将来有一天所有的汽车都会被抛弃，任其生锈。
2.这是一个一生仅有一次的机会，你不该错过。
3.她为这次长途旅行买了一些即食食品。
维度4：单词节点
心理词库节点：以字母-ate结尾的动词
英语动词的形态标识有前缀en-，后缀-ize，-fy，-en和-ate等。第二段的单词anticipate（预期；预计；期盼；先于……做）就是一个带-ate词缀的动词。考研英语（一）词汇表中，有163个以字母-ate结尾的单词，这些单词中，有少量的是名词和形容词。下面其中的25个动词。
练习答案
阅读理解
1.[B] | 2.[B] | 3.[D] | 4.[A] | 5.[D] |
参考译文
1.They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust.
2. This is a once‑in‑a‑lifetime opportunity that you should not miss.
3. She bought some ready‑to‑eat food for the long‑distance trip.