【高考专项练习】阅读理解C篇高考真题汇总(含答案详解)

C

①Iwas about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Caarder’s Sophie’s World. Itwas full of ideas that were new tome, so Ispent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke tome andbrought me into a world of philosophy(哲学).

②That love for philosophy lasted until Igot to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you— and then try toexplain them.

③Eric Weiner’sThe Socrates Express: In Search ofLife Lessonsfrom Dead Philosophersreawakened mylove for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.

④Weiner startseach chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context(背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy,is a book aboutlearning touse philosophy to improve a life.

⑤He makes philosophicalthoughtan appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding(解读) theirmessages and adding his own interpretation.

⑥The Socrates Expressis afun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. Iencourage you to take his offer. It’sworth your time, even if time is something we don’t have a lot of.

28. Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?

A. Foucault.

B. Eric Weiner.

C. Jostein Caarder.

D. Acollege teacher.

29. Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?

A. To compare Weiner with them.

B. To give examples of great works.

C. To praise their writing skills.

D. To help readers understand Weiner’s book.

30. What does the author like aboutThe Socrates Express?

A. Its views on history are well-presented.

B. Its ideas can be applied to daily life.

C. It includes comments from readers.

D. Itleaves an open ending.

31. What does the author think of Weiner’s book?

A. Objective and plain.

B. Daring and ambitious.

C. Serious and hard to follow.

D. Humorous and straightforward.

【解析】

C

①What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably fish and chips,or a 

②Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting? Eventhough Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top classchefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently topthe best seller lists.

③It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food coursesat UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what peoplethink about cooking.

④According to a new study from market analysts,1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and youngpeople are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.

28. What do people usually think of British food?

A. It is simple and plain.

B. It is rich in nutrition.

C. It lacks authentic tastes.

D. It deserves a high reputation.

29. Which best describes cookery programmes on British TV?

A. Authoritative.

B. Creative.

C. Profitable.

D. Influential.

30. Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now?

A.20%.

B.24%.

C.25%.

D.33%.

31. What might the author continue talking about?

A. The art of cooking in other countries.

B. Male chefs on TV programmes.

C. Table manners in the UK.

D. Studies of big eaters.

【解析】

C

①The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.

②To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.

③Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.

④In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.

⑤The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.

28. What is the book aimed at?

A. Teaching critical thinking skills.

B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.

C. Solving philosophical problems.

D. Promoting the use of a digital device.

29. What does the underlined word “declutter”in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Clear-up.

B. Add-on.

C. Check-in.

D. Take-over.

30. What is presented in the final chapter of part one?

A. Theoretical models.

B. Statistical methods.

C. Practical examples.

D. Historical analyses.

31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two?

A. Use them as needed.

B. Recommend them to friends.

C. Evaluate their effects.

D. Identify the ideas behind them.

【解析】

C

①Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists’ representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.

②In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed(描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.

③Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect(才智), wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.

④Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.

28. Where is the text most probably taken from?

A. An introduction to a book.

B. An essay on the art of writing.

C. A guidebook to a museum.

D. A review of modern paintings.

29. What are the selected artworks about?

A. Wealth and intellect.

B. Home and school.

C. Books and reading.

D. Work and leisure.

30. What do the underlined words “relate to”in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Understand.

B. Paint.

C. Seize.

D. Transform.

31. What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader?

A. The printed book is not totally out of date.

B. Technology has changed the way we read.

C. Our lives in the 21st century are networked.

D. People now rarely have the patience to read.

【解析】

C

①On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary’s southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture (水分)is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.

②Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letting theinsurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail,” Mr. Stienwand says, “butthey’re increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”

③The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot becausing drought.” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”

④One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”

⑤Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.

28. What does the project aim to do?

A. Conserve moisture in the soil.

B. Prevent the formation of hailstones.

C. Forecast disastrous hailstorms.

D. Investigate chemical use in farming.

29. Who are opposed to the project?

A. Farmers in east-central Alberta.

B. Managers of insurance companies.

C.Provincial government officials.

D. Residents of Calgary and Edmonton.

30. Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999?

A. To compare different kinds of seeding methods.

B. To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.

C. To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.

D. To show the link between storms and moisture.

31. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.

B. Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.

C. The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.

D. Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist.

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大卡尔加里保险公司为了避免雹暴风险，在阿尔伯塔省进行人工降雨试验。但在此试验航线下风区的农民们担心土地的水分被试验抢走。然而，试验的负责人认为试验只会影响空气中很小一部分的水分，且还可能增加下游土壤湿度。目前没有科学研究证明试验对大自然的影响，因此它仍能相对合法地进行。

28. B推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.”可推知，这个项目是为了避免风暴的产生，故选B。

29.A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“But farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.”可知，位于试验飞行航线下风区的阿尔伯塔省中东部的农民们担心，人工降雨可能会从他们干旱的土地上“偷走”宝贵的水分，所以这个项目遭到了农民的反对。故选A。

30. C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Doswell博士的话可知，他在1999年目睹了一个因人工降雨而形成巨大龙卷风的案例。由此可推知，Dr. Doswell意在指出人工降雨可能会导致危险。故选C。

31. D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，由于缺乏关于人工降雨影响的科学证据，没有人在法庭上赢得对降雨公司的诉讼。因此，私人气候工程仍可以相对合法地进行。由此可推知，人工降雨公司会继续存在。故选D。

C

①The Saint Lukas train doesn’t accept passengers —it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村)populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions.

②“People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning,” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions(区域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia.

③Russia’s public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctors’ appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.

④The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits.

⑤Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train’s equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”

28. How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains?

A. It runs across countries.

B. It reserves seats for the seniors.

C. It functions as a hospital.

D. It travels along a river.

29. What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk?

A. It is heavily populated.

B. It offers training for doctors.

C. It is a modern city.

D. It needs medical aid.

30. How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply?

A. About a year.

B. About ten months

C. About two months.

D. About two weeks.

31. What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’services?

A. Appreciative.B. Doubtful.

C. Ambiguous.D. Cautious.

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了俄罗斯中部和东部偏远地区政府赞助了五辆名为圣卢卡斯的医疗列车，每年提供为期10个月的巡回医疗服务，为乡村居民提供基本医疗检查和治疗，以改善当地医疗条件。

28. C推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The Saint Lukas train doesn’t accept passengers —it accepts only the sick.The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia.（圣卢卡斯列车不载客，只载病人。圣卢卡斯列车是五辆政府资助的医疗列车之一，它们前往俄罗斯中部和东部的偏远城镇。）”可知，圣卢卡斯列车与其他列车的不同之处在于它是政府资助的医疗列车，这说明这辆火车的功能是作为一家移动医院。故选C。

29. D推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容（俄罗斯的公共卫生保健服务急需现代化。政府一直在努力提出措施来解决这个问题，尤其是在伏尔加河东部的贫困农村地区，包括通过视频聊天安排医生预约，并扩大财政援助计划，以激励医生在像Krasnoyarsk这样的国家偏远地区从事医疗工作。）可推知，Krasnoyarsk需要医疗援助。故选D。

30. D细节理解题。根据文章第四段“For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给).（每年有10个月，列车在两周内停靠大约八个车站，然后返回地区首府进行补给和重新装货。）”可知，圣卢卡斯列车用一份补给可以工作大约两周。故选D。

31. A观点态度题。文章最后一段提到Ducke对医生及其助手的印象“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned（我对医生和他们的助手在如此小的空间里工作和生活但仍然保持专注和关心印象深刻）”以及“They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.（他们是许多农村人获得所需治疗的最好机会。）”，这表明Ducke对圣卢卡斯列车的服务持赞赏的态度。故选A。

C

①Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper?And arelistening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering thesame material? The answers to both questions are often“no.”The reasons relate to a varietyof factors,including reduced concentration,an entertainment mindset(心态) and a tendencyto multitask while consuming digital content.

②When reading texts of several hundred words or more,learning is generally moresuccessful when it’s on paper than onscreen.A large amount of research confirms this finding.The benefits of print reading particularlyshine throughwhen experimenters move fromposing simple tasks— like identifying the main idea in a reading passage— to ones that requiremental abstraction— such as drawing inferences from a text.

③The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’sphysical properties.With paper,there is a literal laying on of hands,along with the visualgeography of distinct pages.People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how farinto the book it was or where it was on the page.

④But equally important is the mental aspect.Reading researchers have proposed a theorycalled“shallowing hypothesis (假说).”According to this theory,people approach digital textswith a mindset suited to social media,which are often not so serious,and devote less mentaleffort than when they are reading print.

⑤Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text,and so university teachersincreasingly turn to these technologies— say,assigning an online talk instead of an article bythe same person.However,psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read newsstories,they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces.

⑥Digital texts,audio and video all have educational roles,especially when providingresources not available in print.However,for maximizing learning where mental focus andreflection are called for,educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same,even when theycontain identical words.

28.What does the underlined phrase“shine through”in paragraph 2 mean?

A.Seem unlikely to last.

B.Seem hard to explain.

C.Become ready to use.

D.Become easy to notice.

29.What does the shallowing hypothesis assume?

A.Readers treat digital texts lightly.

B.Digital texts are simpler to understand.

C.People select digital texts randomly.

D.Digital texts are suitable for social media.

30.Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers?

A.They can hold students’attention.

B.They are more convenient to prepare.

C.They help develop advanced skills.

D.They are more informative than text.

31.What does the author imply in the last paragraph?

A.Students should apply multiple learning techniques.

B.Teachers should produce their own teaching material.

C.Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.

D.Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored.

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了纸质阅读与数字阅读在学习效果上的差异。尽管数字内容在教育领域扮演着重要角色，但纸质阅读在需要深度理解和精神集中的学习活动中仍然占据优势。

28. D词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“When reading texts of several hundred words or more,learning is generally moresuccessful when it’s on paper than onscreen.A large amount of research confirms this finding.”可知，本段的核心论点是在阅读好几百字材料的时候，我们发现纸质书相比电子屏幕，在习得感方面纸质书更胜一筹，有很多研究证实了这一点。再根据“The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks... to ones that require mental abstraction”（当实验者从布置简单的任务转向需要心智抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的优点特别明显。）可知，“shine through”在这里的意思是“变得容易注意到”。故选D。

29. A推理判断题。根据文章第四段“According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.”可知，浅化假设认为读者对待数字文本的态度较为轻率，不如阅读纸质文本时投入的心理努力多。即他们没有严肃对待电子文本，不严肃对待是“take sth lightly”。故选A。

30. A细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Audio(音频) and video can feel more engaging than text”可知，音频和视频比文本更吸引人。下文提到大学教师越来越多地使用这些技术，在课堂上越来越青睐它们。这表明教师使用音频和视频是因为它们能吸引学生的注意力。故选A。

31. C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.”可知，在需要精神集中和反思以最大化学习的地方，教育工作者不应该认为所有的媒体都是一样的，即使它们包含相同的文字。这表明在教育领域中，纸质文本不能被完全替代。故选C。

C

①We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm(BMF) shortens it even more.

②BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital,restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.

③Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod(容器)toget the next growth cycle started.

④Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions(排放)from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.

⑤BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee.

28. What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1?

A. It guarantees the variety of food.

B. It requires day-to-day care.

C. It cuts the farm-to-table distance.

D. It relies on farmer’s markets.

29.What information does the convenient appoffer?

A.Real-time weather changes.

B.Current condition of the plants.

C.Chemical pollutants in the soil.

D.Availability of pre-seeded pods.

30. What can beconcluded about BMF employees?

A. They have a great passion for sports.

B. They are devoted to community service.

C. They are fond of sharing daily experiences.

D. They have a strong environmental awareness.

31.What does the text mainly talk about?

A.BMF’s major strengths.

B.BMF’s general management.

C.BMF’s global influence.

D.BMF’s technical standards.

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了巴比伦微农场提供室内种植系统，通过云技术远程监控，减少种植植物所需的水量，实践可持续性，减少碳排放。

28. C细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句话“While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.”可知，BMF（巴比伦微农场）缩短了食物从农场到餐桌的距离。故选C。

29. B细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.”可知，这个便捷的应用程序提供了实时的生长数据，因此可以推断出它提供了植物当前的状况信息。故选B。

30. D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic.”可知，BMF的员工在日常生活中践行可持续行为，如骑自行车上班、鼓励回收和减少垃圾，由此推测，他们具有强烈的环境意识。故选D。

31. A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，整篇文章主要讲述了BMF的优势，如减少食物运输距离、节水、无农药使用、减少碳排放等，这些都是BMF的主要优势。故选A。

C

①While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.

②Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives.

③Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.

④Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.

⑤We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right: it’s time to think differently about that street outside your front door.

28. What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1?

A. Cars often get stuck on the road.

B. Traffic accidents occur frequently.

C. People walk less and drive more.

D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules.

29. What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do?

A. Keep their cities livable. 

B. Promote cultural diversity.

C. Help the needy families. 

D. Make expressways accessible.

30. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s?

A. They boosted the sales of cars. 

B. They turned out largely ineffective.

C. They won government support. 

D. They advocated building new parks.

31. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Why the Rush? 

B. What’s Next?

C. Where to Stay? 

D. Who to Blame?

【解析】

文章讨论了城市交通对行人，特别是儿童出行的影响，以及作者对街道重新设计的呼吁。

28. C 细节理解题。根据开头提到的“transport studies also show declines in pedestrian mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.”（交通研究表明，行人的流动性有所下降，尤其是儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通太多了，孩子们无法安全地步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里。）可知，人们走路少了，开车多了。故选C。

29. A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长)to champion‘New York as a decent place to live,and not just rush through.’”可知，Jane Jacobs呼吁市长捍卫“纽约作为一个宜居的地方，而不仅仅是一个匆匆而过的地方。”说明她和其他活动家试图保持城市的宜居性。故选A。

30. B 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，尽管抗议活动广泛，但大多数西方城市仍围绕汽车需求改造，且澳大利亚汽车保有量极高，说明这些运动未能根本改变城市规划趋势，也就是这些运动的效果不大。故选B。

31. A 主旨大意题。文章主要讨论了城市交通对行人出行的影响，以及作者呼吁重新思考街道设计的观点。A选项“Why the Rush?”（为何如此匆忙？）符合文章主旨。

【‌考查要点】

基础知识：城市交通对行人出行的影响相关主题的语篇知识和语言知识。

学科能力：阅读理解能力、批判性思维能力。

核心素养：社会责任感、环保意识。

价值引领：引导学生关注城市交通问题，培养可持续发展意识。

C

①When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry.

②“Plants are in fashion right now, ” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from theUniversity of Florida. “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating,” she says. “Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.”Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone(激素)in our body.

③“Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants, ” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.”

④If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. “Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one, ” Detrinidad says.

28. How was Detrinidad’s business when it started? 

A. It faced tough competition.

B. It suffered a great loss. 

C. It got lots of financial support. 

D. It went surprisingly well. 

29. What is one of Knuth’s findings about plants? 

A. They appeal more to students. 

B. They purify the environment. 

C. They raise the cortisol level. 

D. They enhance productivity. 

30. What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers? 

A. The necessity of social skills. 

B. The meaning of sustainability. 

C. The importance of repeated efforts. 

D. The value of professional opinions. 

31. What can be a suitable title for the text? 

A. Time to Replace Houseplants 

B. Plants Boost Your Mood

C. Tips on Choosing Houseplants

D. Plants Brighten Your Home

【解析】

本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了居家时间增加推动了室内植物行业的爆发式增长，并揭示了植物对人类身心健康的多重益处。

28. D细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone.”可知，当Detrinidad开设她的网店时并没有抱太高的期望，但实际上她的生意非常成功，2020年6月，她就发出了1200个订单。这说明她的生意发展得比预期要好。故选D。

29. D细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Students who are around plants perform better academically... This productivity also translates into the workplacefor adults.”可知，植物可以改善工作场所的生产力，员工在有植物的环境中病假减少了30%。这表明植物不仅对学生有益，同样能提高成人的工作效率。故选D。

30. C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant”可知，Detrinidad类比“医生练习医术，律师练习法律”，说明养植物也需要“practice”（练习），即反复尝试的重要性。故选C。

31. B标题判断题。通读全文可知，整篇文章依据植物行业增长（现象）——植物改善心理（降低皮质醇）——提升效率（研究数据）——鼓励尝试（建议）这条主线展开，主题集中在植物对人类情绪和生产力的积极影响。B项“Plants Boost Your Mood”（植物改善你的情绪）最贴合主旨。故选B。

【‌考查要点‌】

基础知识：对文本内容的理解和记忆。

学科能力：归纳概括能力、推理判断能力。

核心素养：心理健康素养、环境素养、自我管理。

价值引领：可持续性，心理健康和社会责任、教育意义。