高考英语长难句200句(2015—2026年真题)含原句·主干·翻译·核心考点

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导语长难句是高考阅读理解D篇、七选五、完形填空的核心拉分点。本汇编基于2015—2026年全国卷、新高考I/II卷、浙江卷、北京卷真题阅读语料，按八大语法结构分类梳理200句，每句附主干拆解、中文翻译和核心考点。

使用方法：1. 先自己划主干，再对照解析；2. 重点看"从句嵌套"和"非谓语作修饰"；3. 每天精读10句，20天过完一轮。一、定语从句类（30句）1. The research, which was conducted by a team from Stanford University, suggests that regular exercise can significantly improve memory.主干：The research suggests that...翻译：由斯坦福大学一个团队开展的这项研究表明，规律锻炼能显著提升记忆力。考点：which非限制性定语从句修饰research；that宾语从句。2. Students who take part in after-school activities tend to develop better social skills than those who do not.主干：Students tend to develop better social skills.翻译：参加课外活动的学生往往比不参加的学生培养出更好的社交能力。考点：who限制性定语从句修饰students；than比较状语从句。3. The book that has been translated into thirty languages explores the relationship between humans and nature.主干：The book explores the relationship.翻译：这本已被翻译成三十种语言的书探讨了人与自然的关系。考点：that限制性定语从句；现在完成时被动语态。4. This is the village where the famous writer spent his childhood and wrote his first novel.主干：This is the village.翻译：这就是那位著名作家度过童年并写下第一部小说的村庄。考点：where定语从句修饰地点名词village。5. The reason why many people fail to stick to their goals is that they set unrealistic targets from the very beginning.主干：The reason is that...翻译：很多人未能坚持目标的原因是他们一开始就设定了不切实际的目标。考点：why定语从句修饰reason；that表语从句。6. The proposal, which was opposed by a large number of local residents, was finally rejected by the city council.主干：The proposal was rejected.翻译：这项遭到大量当地居民反对的提案最终被市议会否决。考点：which非限制性定语从句；被动语态。7. There are still many countries where children have no access to clean drinking water and basic education.主干：There are still many countries.翻译：仍有许多国家的儿童无法获得清洁饮用水和基础教育。考点：where定语从句修饰countries；have access to固定搭配。8. The professor whose lecture we attended last week has just published a new book on artificial intelligence.主干：The professor has published a new book.翻译：我们上周听了其讲座的那位教授刚出版了一本关于人工智能的新书。考点：whose定语从句表所属关系。9. The speed at which technological changes are taking place has far exceeded most people's expectations.主干：The speed has exceeded expectations.翻译：技术变革发生的速度远远超出了大多数人的预期。考点："介词+which"定语从句；at the speed of搭配。10. Such people as have made great contributions to society deserve more respect and recognition.主干：Such people deserve respect.翻译：那些为社会做出巨大贡献的人理应得到更多尊重和认可。考点：such...as...定语从句结构。11. The documentary, which took three years to film, reveals the hidden lives of endangered animals in the wild.主干：The documentary reveals the hidden lives.翻译：这部耗时三年拍摄的纪录片揭示了野外濒危动物不为人知的生活。考点：which非限制性定语从句；不定式to film作目的。12. We are living in an age when information spreads faster than at any other time in history.主干：We are living in an age.翻译：我们正生活在一个信息传播速度比历史上任何时期都快的时代。考点：when定语从句修饰age。13. The company, whose headquarters are located in Shenzhen, has expanded its business to over fifty countries.主干：The company has expanded its business.翻译：这家总部位于深圳的公司已将业务扩展到五十多个国家。考点：whose非限制性定语从句。14. Anyone who has ever tried to learn a foreign language knows how much practice is required.主干：Anyone knows how much practice is required.翻译：任何尝试过学外语的人都知道需要多少练习。考点：who定语从句修饰anyone；how much宾语从句。15. The day will come when people can travel safely to other planets in the solar system.主干：The day will come.翻译：人们能够安全前往太阳系其他行星旅行的那一天终会到来。考点：when定语从句分隔修饰day（分隔式定语从句）。16. The government has built many new schools, most of which are located in rural areas.主干：The government has built many new schools.翻译：政府新建了许多学校，其中大部分位于农村地区。考点："代词+of+which"非限制性定语从句。17. The way in which we communicate has been completely transformed by smartphones and social media.主干：The way has been transformed.翻译：我们沟通的方式已被智能手机和社交媒体彻底改变。考点："介词+which"修饰way；被动语态。18. He is the only one of the students who has won the national scholarship three years in a row.主干：He is the only one.翻译：他是唯一一个连续三年获得国家奖学金的学生。考点："the only one of + 复数名词 + 单数谓语"定语从句。19. The experiment, the results of which were published in a leading scientific journal, has attracted worldwide attention.主干：The experiment has attracted attention.翻译：这项实验的结果发表在一家顶级科学期刊上，已引起全球关注。考点："名词+of+which"非限制性定语从句。20. There are occasions when even the most experienced teachers make mistakes in class.主干：There are occasions.翻译：即使是最有经验的老师也有在课堂上出错的时候。考点：when定语从句修饰occasions。21. The hotel where we stayed during our holiday was situated at the foot of a mountain.主干：The hotel was situated at the foot of a mountain.翻译：我们度假期间住的那家酒店坐落在山脚下。考点：where定语从句；be situated at搭配。22. This is one of the most interesting novels that I have ever read.主干：This is one of the most interesting novels.翻译：这是我读过的最有趣的小说之一。考点：先行词被最高级修饰，关系词用that。23. The scientist made a great discovery, which later changed the way people thought about the universe.主干：The scientist made a discovery.翻译：这位科学家有了一项重大发现，它后来改变了人们对宇宙的看法。考点：which指代整个主句的非限制性定语从句。24. Students from low-income families, for whom higher education has long been a dream, now have more opportunities.主干：Students now have more opportunities.翻译：对低收入家庭的学生来说，高等教育长期以来一直是个梦想，现在他们有了更多机会。考点："介词+whom"非限制性定语从句。25. The city has set up many special zones in which new technologies can be tested before being widely used.主干：The city has set up many special zones.翻译：这座城市设立了许多特殊区域，新技术可以在其中经过测试后再广泛应用。考点："介词+which"定语从句。26. Those who support the plan argue that it will create thousands of new jobs in the region.主干：Those argue that...翻译：支持该计划的人辩称，这将在该地区创造数千个新就业岗位。考点：who定语从句修饰those。27. The moment I saw the look on her face, I knew that something had gone wrong.主干：I knew that something had gone wrong.翻译：我一看到她脸上的表情，就知道出事了。考点：the moment引导时间状语从句（名词短语作连词）。28. The website provides a free platform through which small businesses can reach customers around the world.主干：The website provides a platform.翻译：该网站提供了一个免费平台，小企业可以通过它接触到全球客户。考点："介词+which"定语从句。29. There are still a large number of children for ______ education remains an unreachable dream.（填空：whom）考点："介词+whom"定语从句修饰children。30. The research team has developed a material that can withstand extremely high temperatures without breaking down.主干：The research team has developed a material.翻译：该研究团队开发出一种能承受极高温度而不分解的材料。考点：that定语从句；without介词+动名词。

二、名词性从句类（25句）31. It is widely believed that regular reading can broaden one's horizons and improve analytical thinking.主干：It is widely believed that...翻译：人们普遍认为，经常阅读能拓宽视野、提升分析思维。考点：It作形式主语，that主语从句后置。32. Scientists have discovered that the brain continues to develop well into a person's twenties.主干：Scientists have discovered that...翻译：科学家发现，大脑的发育会一直持续到二十多岁。考点：that宾语从句。33. What surprised us most was that he had finished the task all by himself in just three days.主干：What surprised us most was that...翻译：最让我们惊讶的是他竟然在短短三天内独立完成了任务。考点：What主语从句；that表语从句。34. The question remains whether we can finish the project within the limited budget.主干：The question remains...翻译：问题仍然是我们能否在有限预算内完成这个项目。考点：whether引导表语从句（不能用if）。35. We should consider how we can help students develop a positive attitude towards failure.主干：We should consider how...翻译：我们应该思考如何帮助学生培养对失败的积极态度。考点：how宾语从句，陈述语序。36. It remains unknown who will take charge of the department after the manager retires.主干：It remains unknown...翻译：经理退休后谁将接管这个部门还不得而知。考点：It形式主语，who主语从句。37. Many people hold the view that homework does more harm than good in the long run.主干：Many people hold the view.翻译：很多人持有这样的观点：从长远来看，作业弊大于利。考点：that同位语从句解释view。38. Whether the ancient city was destroyed by a natural disaster or by war is still a mystery.主干：Whether...is still a mystery.翻译：这座古城是毁于自然灾害还是战争，仍是一个谜。考点：Whether主语从句（不能用if）。39. The article argues that the education system needs to be reformed to meet modern challenges.主干：The article argues that...翻译：文章认为，教育制度需要改革以应对现代挑战。考点：that宾语从句。40. It is still under discussion where the new airport should be located.主干：It is still under discussion...翻译：新机场应选址在哪里仍在讨论中。考点：It形式主语，where主语从句。41. No one can be sure what the world will look like in another fifty years.主干：No one can be sure...翻译：没有人能确定再过五十年世界会是什么样子。考点：what宾语从句，陈述语序。42. The fact that he passed the exam without any preparation surprised everyone.主干：The fact surprised everyone.翻译：他毫无准备就通过了考试，这个事实让所有人吃惊。考点：that同位语从句解释fact。43. We must face the reality that natural resources are limited and cannot be exploited endlessly.主干：We must face the reality.翻译：我们必须面对自然资源有限、不能无休止开采的现实。考点：that同位语从句。44. What we need most now is not more money but more time to think and plan.主干：What we need most is not...but...翻译：我们现在最需要的不是更多的钱，而是更多用来思考和规划的时间。考点：What主语从句；not...but...并列结构。45. The question of why dinosaurs suddenly disappeared has puzzled scientists for decades.主干：The question has puzzled scientists.翻译：恐龙为何突然消失的问题已经困扰了科学家们几十年。考点：why引导介词of的宾语从句。46. It is important that every student (should) develop good learning habits from an early age.主干：It is important that...翻译：每个学生从小养成良好的学习习惯很重要。考点：It作形式主语，that主语从句用虚拟语气(should) do。47. Researchers are investigating how air pollution affects children's cognitive development.主干：Researchers are investigating...翻译：研究人员正在调查空气污染如何影响儿童的认知发展。考点：how宾语从句。48. The truth is that many of the products we use every day are made from recycled materials.主干：The truth is that...翻译：真相是我们每天使用的很多产品都是由回收材料制成的。考点：that表语从句；(that) we use省略关系词的定语从句。49. Whoever is in charge of the project should be prepared to face unexpected challenges.主干：Whoever should be prepared.翻译：任何负责这个项目的人都应准备好面对意想不到的挑战。考点：Whoever = anyone who引导主语从句。50. People in ancient times had no idea how the universe was created.主干：People had no idea.翻译：古人不知道宇宙是如何形成的。考点：how同位语从句解释idea。51. It has not yet been decided whether the sports meeting will be held as scheduled.主干：It has not yet been decided...翻译：运动会是否如期举行尚未决定。考点：It形式主语，whether主语从句。52. The survey shows that more than sixty percent of teenagers spend over two hours daily on their phones.主干：The survey shows that...翻译：调查显示，超过60%的青少年每天花在手机上的时间超过两小时。考点：that宾语从句；数字表达。53. We should always keep in mind that honesty is the foundation of any lasting relationship.主干：We should keep in mind that...翻译：我们应始终牢记，诚实是任何持久关系的基础。考点：that宾语从句作keep的真正宾语，in mind为状语提前。54. What really matters is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try your best.主干：What really matters is not...but...翻译：真正重要的不是你是否失败，而是你是否尽了全力。考点：What主语从句；whether表语从句；not...but...并列。55. Scientists are still discussing whether the increase in CO2 is entirely responsible for global warming.主干：Scientists are still discussing...翻译：科学家们仍在讨论二氧化碳的增加是否完全导致了全球变暖。考点：whether宾语从句。

三、状语从句类（25句）56. While online learning offers great convenience, it cannot completely replace face-to-face classroom interaction.主干：it cannot replace classroom interaction.翻译：虽然在线学习提供了极大便利，但它无法完全取代面对面的课堂互动。考点：While引导让步状语从句，句首"虽然"。57. No matter how difficult the task is, you should never give up halfway.主干：you should never give up halfway.翻译：无论任务多么困难，你都不该半途而废。考点：No matter how = however引导让步状语从句。58. Once you form a good reading habit, you will find it easy to learn any subject well.主干：you will find it easy.翻译：一旦养成良好的阅读习惯，你就会发现学好任何科目都很容易。考点：Once引导时间/条件状语从句，"一旦"。59. The more you practise, the more confident you will become when speaking in public.主干：the more confident you will become.翻译：你练习得越多，在公众场合讲话就越自信。考点：The more...the more...比较状语从句。60. Even if it rains tomorrow, the outdoor concert will not be cancelled.主干：the concert will not be cancelled.翻译：即使明天下雨，户外音乐会也不会取消。考点：Even if引导让步状语从句。61. Small as the island is, it has become a popular tourist destination over the past decade.主干：it has become a tourist destination.翻译：这座岛虽小，在过去十年里却成了热门旅游目的地。考点：as引导让步状语从句，倒装结构"形容词+as+主语+谓语"。62. Just as the old saying goes, "Rome was not built in a day."主干：Just as the old saying goes.翻译：正如老话所说，"罗马不是一天建成的。"考点：Just as引导方式状语从句。63. He got up so early this morning that he caught the first train without any rush.主干：He got up so early.翻译：他今天早上起得特别早，轻轻松松赶上了头班火车。考点：so...that...结果状语从句。64. Take a notebook with you in case you come across something worth writing down.主干：Take a notebook with you.翻译：带个笔记本，以防你遇到值得记下来的东西。考点：in case引导目的状语从句，"以防"。65. Where there is a will, there is a way.主干：there is a way.翻译：有志者，事竟成。考点：Where引导地点状语从句。66. As the technology continues to develop, the cost of solar energy has dropped dramatically.主干：the cost has dropped.翻译：随着技术持续发展，太阳能成本大幅下降。考点：As引导时间状语从句，"随着"。67. Unless you take immediate action, the problem will only get worse.主干：the problem will get worse.翻译：除非你立即采取行动，否则问题只会变得更糟。考点：Unless = if...not条件状语从句。68. He ran all the way to the station only to find that the train had left ten minutes before.主干：He ran to the station.翻译：他一路跑到车站，却发现火车十分钟前已经开走了。考点：only to find作结果状语（出乎意料的结果）。69. Young as he is, he has already mastered three foreign languages.主干：he has mastered three languages.翻译：他虽然年纪小，却已经掌握了三门外语。考点：as让步倒装，"形容词/名词+as+主语+谓语"。70. Now that you have grown up, you should learn to be independent of your parents.主干：you should learn to be independent.翻译：既然你已经长大了，就应该学会独立。考点：Now that引导原因状语从句，"既然"。71. It won't be long before artificial intelligence is widely used in most industries.主干：It won't be long.翻译：用不了多久，人工智能就会在大多数行业广泛应用。考点：It won't be long before...句型，"不久就……"。72. Whether you agree or not, the plan will be carried out next month.主干：the plan will be carried out.翻译：无论你同意与否，这项计划下个月都会实施。考点：Whether...or not引导让步状语从句。73. The old man was so tired that he fell asleep the moment his head touched the pillow.主干：The old man was so tired.翻译：老人太累了，头一沾枕头就睡着了。考点：so...that结果状语；the moment时间状语从句。74. However hard I tried, I couldn't persuade him to change his mind.主干：I couldn't persuade him.翻译：无论我怎么努力，都无法说服他改变主意。考点：However = no matter how引导让步状语从句。75. Since you are not feeling well today, you might as well take a rest at home.主干：you might as well take a rest.翻译：既然你今天不舒服，不妨在家休息一下。考点：Since引导原因状语从句，"既然"。76. He had no sooner arrived at the office than the telephone rang.主干：He had no sooner arrived.翻译：他刚到办公室，电话就响了。考点：no sooner...than...时间状语从句，"一……就……"，过去完成时。77. Much as I admire your courage, I don't think your plan is practical.主干：I don't think your plan is practical.翻译：尽管我很钦佩你的勇气，但我认为你的计划不切实际。考点：Much as让步倒装，"尽管"。78. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.主干：do as the Romans do.翻译：入乡随俗。考点：when状语从句省略结构（when you are in Rome）；as方式状语从句。79. The team performed far better than we had expected before the match.主干：The team performed better.翻译：这支队伍的表现比我们赛前预期的好得多。考点：than比较状语从句。80. Provide early in the morning, the samples were delivered to the lab before noon.主干：the samples were delivered.翻译：这些样本是一早采集的，中午前就送到了实验室。考点：过去分词作时间状语（相当于when they were provided）。四、非谓语动词类（35句）81. Faced with fierce competition from online platforms, many traditional bookstores have transformed themselves into cultural experience spaces.主干：many bookstores have transformed themselves.翻译：面对来自网络平台的激烈竞争，许多传统书店已转型为文化体验空间。考点：Faced with过去分词作状语；have transformed现在完成时。82. The government has taken a series of measures aimed at reducing air pollution in major cities.主干：The government has taken measures.翻译：政府已采取一系列旨在减少主要城市空气污染的措施。考点：aimed at过去分词作后置定语修饰measures。83. Having spent years studying the problem, the scientists finally found a practical solution.主干：the scientists found a solution.翻译：科学家们花了数年研究这个问题，终于找到了实用的解决方案。考点：Having spent现在分词完成式作状语，动作先于谓语。84. The bridge, designed by a young engineer, has become a new landmark of the city.主干：The bridge has become a landmark.翻译：这座由一位年轻工程师设计的桥已成为城市新地标。考点：designed by过去分词作非限制性定语。85. To achieve a balanced lifestyle, modern people need to learn to manage their time properly.主干：modern people need to learn.翻译：为了实现平衡的生活方式，现代人需要学会合理管理时间。考点：To achieve不定式作目的状语，句首大写。86. The girl standing at the school gate is the student who won the national English speech contest.主干：The girl is the student.翻译：站在校门口的那个女孩就是赢得全国英语演讲比赛的学生。考点：standing现在分词作后置定语；who定语从句。87. With more and more people working from home, the demand for home office equipment has risen sharply.主干：the demand has risen.翻译：随着越来越多的人居家办公，家庭办公设备的需求急剧上升。考点：With复合结构"with + 宾语 + 现在分词"作伴随状语。88. The meeting, to be held next Friday, will focus on environmental protection.主干：The meeting will focus on environmental protection.翻译：将于下周五举行的会议将聚焦环保问题。考点：to be held不定式被动式作后置定语，表将来。89. Not knowing which way to take, the visitor turned to a policeman for help.主干：the visitor turned to a policeman.翻译：由于不知道该走哪条路，这位游客向警察求助。考点：Not knowing现在分词否定式作原因状语。90. The book written by a high school teacher has become a bestseller among students.主干：The book has become a bestseller.翻译：这本由一位高中老师写的书在学生中成了畅销书。考点：written by过去分词作后置定语。91. I still remember being taken to the museum for the first time when I was seven.主干：I still remember being taken.翻译：我仍然记得七岁时第一次被带到博物馆的情景。考点：remember doing动名词；being taken动名词被动式。92. The speech delivered by the headmaster at the opening ceremony inspired every student present.主干：The speech inspired every student.翻译：校长在开学典礼上的演讲激励了在场的每一位学生。考点：delivered by过去分词作后置定语。93. Comparing these two reports, you will find that the second one is far more convincing.主干：you will find that...翻译：比较这两份报告，你会发现第二份更有说服力。考点：Comparing现在分词作条件状语，逻辑主语you。94. The young man rushed into the burning building to save the child trapped inside.主干：The young man rushed into the building.翻译：年轻人冲进燃烧的大楼去救被困在里面的孩子。考点：to save不定式作目的；trapped inside过去分词作后置定语。95. It is no use arguing with him when he is in such a bad mood.主干：It is no use.翻译：他情绪这么差，跟他争辩没有用。考点：It is no use doing固定句型，动名词作真正主语。96. The old temple, dating back to the Tang Dynasty, attracts thousands of tourists every year.主干：The old temple attracts tourists.翻译：这座可追溯到唐代的古庙每年吸引成千上万游客。考点：dating back to现在分词作非限制性定语（无被动）。97. Asked about his plans for the future, the young player simply smiled and said nothing.主干：the young player smiled and said nothing.翻译：当被问及未来计划时，这位年轻球员只是笑了笑，什么也没说。考点：Asked过去分词作时间/原因状语，与player被动关系。98. The project, if carried out successfully, will greatly improve the local economy.主干：The project will improve the local economy.翻译：这项项目如果成功实施，将极大地改善当地经济。考点：if carried out状语从句省略结构（if it is carried out）。99. We had no trouble finding the bookstore, which had been recommended by many readers.主干：We had no trouble finding the bookstore.翻译：我们毫不费力就找到了那家书店，它是很多读者推荐过的。考点：have trouble (in) doing固定搭配；which定语从句。100. The boy lay on the grass, staring at the sky and thinking about his future.主干：The boy lay on the grass.翻译：男孩躺在草地上，凝视着天空，思考着自己的未来。考点：staring and thinking现在分词作伴随状语。101. The policeman raised his hand to stop the car running towards the crowd.主干：The policeman raised his hand.翻译：警察抬手拦住那辆朝人群驶来的汽车。考点：to stop不定式作目的；running towards现在分词作后置定语。102. Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.主干：he still repeated the mistake.翻译：虽然被告知了很多次，他还是犯了同样的错误。考点：Having been told现在分词完成被动式作让步/原因状语。103. The ability to express oneself clearly is one of the most important skills in modern society.主干：The ability is one of the most important skills.翻译：清晰表达自我的能力是现代社会最重要的技能之一。考点：to express oneself不定式作后置定语修饰ability。104. With the problem solved, we all felt a great weight taken off our minds.主干：we all felt a great weight.翻译：问题解决了，我们都感到如释重负。考点：With复合结构"with + 宾语 + 过去分词"；taken off过去分词作宾补。105. The meeting being over, everyone stood up and left the room quietly.主干：everyone stood up and left.翻译：会议结束后，大家站起来悄悄离开了房间。考点：独立主格结构"名词 + 现在分词被动"作时间状语。106. I heard my name called from behind when I was walking out of the building.主干：I heard my name called.翻译：我走出大楼时听到身后有人叫我的名字。考点：hear sth. done过去分词作宾语补足语。107. The book is said to have been translated into more than thirty languages.主干：The book is said...翻译：据说这本书已被翻译成三十多种语言。考点：Sb./Sth. be said to do；to have been translated不定式完成被动式。108. Not having received a reply, he decided to write another email to the manager.主干：he decided to write another email.翻译：由于没有收到回复，他决定再给经理写一封邮件。考点：Not having received现在分词完成否定式作原因状语。109. The old man needs to have his eyes examined as soon as possible.主干：The old man needs to have his eyes examined.翻译：这位老人需要尽快去检查眼睛。考点：have sth. done结构，"让某事被做"。110. All the factors considered, we decided to put off the sports meeting until next Friday.主干：we decided to put off the sports meeting.翻译：综合考虑所有因素后，我们决定把运动会推迟到下周五。考点：独立主格"名词 + 过去分词"作条件状语。111. The boy was seen playing basketball on the playground at that time.主干：The boy was seen playing basketball.翻译的时候有人看到那个男孩当时正在操场上打篮球。考点：be seen doing被动语态，现在分词作主语补足语。112. To tell the truth, I don't agree with what you said at the meeting.主干：I don't agree with what you said.翻译：说实话，我不同意你在会上说的话。考点：To tell the truth不定式作插入语，固定表达。113. The house to be completed next month will be used as a community library.主干：The house will be used as a library.翻译：下个月即将竣工的房子将用作社区图书馆。考点：to be completed不定式被动式作后置定语，表将来。114. There being no bus, we had to walk home in the heavy rain.主干：we had to walk home.翻译：由于没有公交车，我们只好冒雨走回家。考点：There being独立主格结构作原因状语。115. The scientist was too excited to say a word when he heard the good news.主干：The scientist was too excited.翻译：听到这个好消息时，这位科学家激动得一句话也说不出来。考点：too...to...结构，"太……而不能……"。五、被动语态类（15句）116. It is reported that the new railway line will be put into use at the end of this year.主干：It is reported that...翻译：据报道，新铁路线将于今年年底投入使用。考点：It is reported that...被动句型；will be put将来时被动。117. The ancient temple has been restored several times, but its original style remains unchanged.主干：The ancient temple has been restored.翻译：这座古寺已多次修复，但原有风格保持不变。考点：has been restored现在完成时被动；remains unchanged系表结构。118. The new film, which is based on a true story, has been well received by audiences of all ages.主干：The new film has been well received.翻译：这部改编自真实故事的新电影受到了各年龄段观众的好评。考点：which定语从句；has been received现在完成时被动。119. The problem being discussed at the meeting has attracted wide public attention.主干：The problem has attracted attention.翻译：会上正在讨论的这个问题已引起公众广泛关注。考点：being discussed现在分词被动式作后置定语，"正在被讨论"。120. It must be admitted that no single method can solve all educational problems.主干：It must be admitted that...翻译：必须承认，没有一种方法能解决所有教育问题。考点：情态动词被动must be admitted。121. The project will have been completed by the end of next year.主干：The project will have been completed.翻译：这项工程将于明年底前竣工。考点：将来完成时被动will have been done。122. Those injured in the accident have been sent to the nearest hospital immediately.主干：Those have been sent to the hospital.翻译：事故中受伤的人已被立即送往最近的医院。考点：injured过去分词作后置定语；have been sent现在完成时被动。123. The original painting is being kept in a special room where temperature and humidity are strictly controlled.主干：The original painting is being kept.翻译：这幅原画正保存在一个温湿度严格受控的特殊房间里。考点：is being kept现在进行时被动；where定语从句。124. It is widely accepted that reading extensively benefits students in many ways.主干：It is widely accepted that...翻译：人们普遍认为，广泛阅读在很多方面对学生有益。考点：It is accepted that被动主语从句。125. The evidence was later found to have been hidden by someone inside the company.主干：The evidence was found.翻译：后来发现证据被公司内部某人藏了起来。考点：was found被动；to have been hidden不定式完成被动式作主补。126. The old bridge, which was built hundreds of years ago, is still being used by local villagers.主干：The old bridge is still being used.翻译：这座几百年前建造的古桥至今仍被当地村民使用。考点：was built一般过去时被动；is still being used现在进行时被动。127. All the invitations must be sent out a week before the ceremony.主干：All the invitations must be sent out.翻译：所有邀请函必须在典礼前一周发出。考点：情态动词被动must be done。128. The new policy is to be carried out from the beginning of next semester.主干：The new policy is to be carried out.翻译：新政策将从下学期初开始实施。考点：be to be done不定式被动式表计划。129. It is said that the city has been visited by more than five million tourists so far this year.主干：It is said that...翻译：据说，今年到目前为止已有超过五百万游客游览了这座城市。考点：It is said that被动句型；has been visited现在完成时被动。130. The problem discussed at yesterday's meeting remains unsolved.主干：The problem remains unsolved.翻译：昨天会上讨论的问题仍未解决。考点：discussed过去分词作后置定语；remains unsolved系表结构。

六、特殊句式（倒装/强调/省略/插入语）（20句）131. Not only does reading improve your vocabulary, but it also helps you think in a different way.主干：reading improves vocabulary; it helps you think.翻译：阅读不仅能扩大词汇量，还能帮你以不同的方式思考。考点：Not only置于句首部分倒装，助动词does提前。132. Only by working hard can you achieve the goals you have set for yourself.主干：you can achieve the goals.翻译：只有努力，你才能实现为自己设定的目标。考点：Only + 状语置于句首，部分倒装。133. Never before has technology developed at such a rapid pace as in the 21st century.主干：technology has developed.翻译：技术从未像21世纪这样以如此快的速度发展。考点：否定词Never before置于句首，部分倒装。134. It was in the small town where he grew up that he set up his first company.主干：He set up his first company in the small town.翻译：他正是在自己长大的那个小镇创办了第一家公司。考点：It was...that...强调句，强调地点状语。135. Hard as he tried, he still couldn't lift the heavy box.主干：he couldn't lift the box.翻译：尽管他很努力，还是搬不动那个重箱子。考点：as让步状语从句倒装。136. Seldom do we realize how much our parents do for us until we become parents ourselves.主干：we realize how much...翻译：我们很少意识到父母为我们付出了多少，直到自己也为人父母。考点：否定词Seldom置于句首，部分倒装。137. It was not until he lost his health that he began to realize its value.主干：He began to realize its value.翻译：直到失去健康，他才开始意识到它的价值。考点：It was not until...that...强调句型。138. Were there no sunlight, all living things on the earth would die out.主干：all living things would die out.翻译：假如没有阳光，地球上所有生物都会灭绝。考点：虚拟条件句省略if，倒装Were there... = If there were...139. So fast did he run that no one could catch up with him.主干：he ran so fast.翻译：他跑得太快了，没人能追上他。考点：So + 副词置于句首，部分倒装。140. Many a student has made the same mistake in the exam.主干：Many a student has made the mistake.翻译：很多学生在考试中都犯过同样的错误。考点：Many a + 单数名词，谓语用单数形式。141. It was when he arrived at the station that he realized he had left his ticket at home.主干：He realized he had left his ticket.翻译：当他到达车站时，才意识到把票忘在家里了。考点：It was...that...强调时间状语从句。142. No sooner had he got home than the telephone began to ring.主干：He had got home.翻译：他刚到家，电话就响了。考点：No sooner置于句首，过去完成时倒装。143. Young though he is, he has a great deal of experience in managing a team.主干：he has experience.翻译：他虽然年轻，在团队管理方面却很有经验。考点：though引导让步倒装=as。144. It is the ability to communicate effectively that matters most in the workplace.主干：The ability matters most.翻译：在职场中，最重要的是有效沟通的能力。考点：It is...that...强调主语。145. Should you change your mind, please let me know as soon as possible.主干：please let me know.翻译：如果你改变主意，请尽快告诉我。考点：虚拟条件句省略if，倒装Should you... = If you should...146. There goes the bell. Let's hurry into the classroom.主干：There goes the bell.翻译：铃响了，我们快进教室吧。考点：There置于句首，全部倒装。147. Present at the meeting were experts from all over the country.主干：Experts were present.翻译：出席会议的是来自全国各地的专家。考点：形容词Present置于句首，全部倒装。148. Not a single mistake did he make in the final examination.主干：He did not make a mistake.翻译：期末考试中他一个错也没犯。考点：Not a single + 名词置于句首，部分倒装。149. It was because he was ill that he didn't attend the meeting yesterday.主干：He didn't attend the meeting.翻译：正是因为生病，他昨天才没参加会议。考点：It was...that...强调原因状语。150. Had he followed the doctor's advice, he would have recovered much sooner.主干：He would have recovered.翻译：他要是听了医生的建议，早就康复得更快了。考点：虚拟条件句省略if，倒装Had he followed = If he had followed。七、并列/平行结构+长修饰（25句）151. Reading broadens the mind, traveling enriches experience, and writing improves thinking.主干：三个并列分句。翻译：阅读开阔思维，旅行丰富阅历，写作提升思考。考点：三个并列分句构成平行结构。152. The workshop aims to teach students how to think critically, how to communicate effectively, and how to work in a team.主干：The workshop aims to teach students...翻译：这个工作坊旨在教学生如何批判性思考、如何有效沟通、如何团队协作。考点：三个how to do并列作teach的宾语。153. Success is not about how much money you make, but about how many lives you touch.主干：Success is not about...but about...翻译：成功不在于你赚了多少钱，而在于你影响了多少人。考点：not about...but about...平行结构；宾语从句。154. The program provides children with books, with stationery, and with a chance to go to school.主干：The program provides children with...翻译：这个项目为孩子们提供书籍、文具，以及上学的机会。考点：三个with介词短语并列。155. Whether we go by train or by plane, we must arrive before the meeting begins.主干：we must arrive.翻译：无论坐火车还是飞机去，我们都必须在会议开始前到达。考点：Whether...or...让步状语从句；两个by介词短语并列。156. The more books you read, the more knowledge you gain, and the broader your horizons become.主干：三个the more平行句。翻译：你读的书越多，获得的知识就越多，视野也就越开阔。考点：三个The more...the more...平行递进。157. He is not only a talented musician but also a caring teacher who always supports his students.主干：He is not only a musician but also a teacher.翻译：他不仅是一位有才华的音乐家，也是一位始终支持学生的贴心老师。考点：not only...but also...平行并列。158. The report discusses the causes of climate change, the effects on agriculture, and the possible solutions.主干：The report discusses...翻译：报告讨论了气候变化的原因、对农业的影响以及可能的解决方案。考点：三个名词短语作discusses的并列宾语。159. To learn a language well, you need regular practice, real-life communication, and above all, patience.主干：you need regular practice, communication, and patience.翻译：要学好一门语言，你需要定期练习、真实交流，最重要的是耐心。考点：三个名词作need的并列宾语。160. The new policy will benefit not only the elderly but also families with young children.主干：The new policy will benefit the elderly and families.翻译：新政策不仅将惠及老年人，也将惠及有幼儿的家庭。考点：not only...but also...并列宾语。161. It is important to know not only what to say but also how to say it.主干：It is important to know...翻译：重要的是不仅要说什么，还要知道怎么说。考点：not only...but also...并列宾语，what to do/how to do。162. The article is well organized, clearly written, and easy to understand.主干：The article is well organized, written, and easy.翻译：这篇文章结构清晰、文笔明了、易于理解。考点：三个形容词/过去分词作并列表语。163. Whether in city or in countryside, people today are more connected than ever before.主干：people are more connected.翻译：无论在城市还是乡村，如今人们的联系都比以往更紧密。考点：Whether...or...让步；两个介词短语并列。164. The project requires time, effort, and most importantly, teamwork.主干：The project requires time, effort, and teamwork.翻译：这个项目需要时间、精力，最重要的是团队合作。考点：三个名词作requires并列宾语。165. She spent the whole morning cleaning the house, washing clothes, and preparing lunch.主干：She spent the morning cleaning, washing, and preparing.翻译：她花了一上午打扫房子、洗衣服、准备午饭。考点：spend time doing；三个动名词并列。166. The book tells us how to face failure bravely, how to solve problems wisely, and how to achieve success step by step.主干：The book tells us...翻译：这本书告诉我们如何勇敢面对失败、如何明智解决问题、如何一步步取得成功。考点：三个how to do并列。167. Education is not about filling a bucket, but about lighting a fire.主干：Education is not about...but about...翻译：教育不是注满一桶水，而是点燃一把火。考点：not about...but about...平行结构。168. The company aims to reduce costs, improve efficiency, and at the same time protect the environment.主干：The company aims to reduce, improve, and protect.翻译：公司旨在降低成本、提高效率，同时保护环境。考点：三个不定式并列作aims to的宾语。169. Whatever you do, wherever you go, whoever you meet, you should keep honesty in mind.主干：you should keep honesty in mind.翻译：无论你做什么、去哪里、遇见谁，都要把诚实记在心里。考点：三个whatever/wherever/whoever让步从句并列。170. The students were required to read the text carefully, to underline the key sentences, and to write a summary after class.主干：The students were required to read, to underline, and to write.翻译：学生被要求仔细阅读课文、划出关键句、课后写摘要。考点：三个不定式并列作主补。171. Learning a new language takes more than memorizing words; it requires practice, patience, and perseverance.主干：Learning a language takes more than memorizing words.翻译：学一门语言不只是背单词；它需要练习、耐心和毅力。考点：三个名词并列作requires宾语；动名词作主语。172. The exhibition shows not only the development of art but also the changes of society over the past century.主干：The exhibition shows...翻译：展览不仅展示了艺术的发展，也展示了过去一个世纪社会的变迁。考点：not only...but also...并列宾语。173. Whether we succeed or fail, we should learn something from the process.主干：we should learn something.翻译：无论成功还是失败，我们都应从过程中学到东西。考点：Whether...or...让步状语从句。174. Good manners mean being punctual, being polite, and being respectful to others.主干：Good manners mean being punctual, polite, and respectful.翻译：好的礼仪意味着守时、礼貌、尊重他人。考点：三个being...动名词并列作mean宾语。175. The more carefully you listen, the better notes you will take, and the more you will learn.主干：三个the more平行递进。翻译：你听得越认真，笔记记得越好，学到的也就越多。考点：The more...the more...平行结构。八、综合复杂句（嵌套结构）（25句）176. Researchers have found that students who often take part in group activities tend to be more confident than those who prefer to study alone.主干：Researchers have found that...翻译：研究人员发现，经常参加小组活动的学生往往比喜欢独自学习的学生更自信。考点：that宾语从句内含两个who定语从句；than比较状语。177. It is widely acknowledged that the ability to communicate clearly is one of the most valuable skills that a person can possess in the modern workplace.主干：It is widely acknowledged that...翻译：人们普遍认为，清晰沟通的能力是现代人在职场中最有价值的技能之一。考点：It作形式主语；that表语从句；that定语从句修饰skills。178. Although the technology is still in its early stage, many experts believe that it will completely change the way people live and work within the next two decades.主干：many experts believe that...翻译：尽管这项技术仍处于早期阶段，但许多专家相信它将在未来二十年内彻底改变人们的生活和工作方式。考点：Although让步状语；that宾语从句；省略in which的定语从句修饰way。179. The book, which was written based on the author's own experience growing up in a small village, has touched the hearts of millions of readers around the world.主干：The book has touched the hearts.翻译：这本书基于作者在小村庄长大的亲身经历写成，打动了全球数百万读者的心。考点：which非限制性定语；growing up现在分词作定语；around the world介词短语。180. What makes online education attractive is that it allows students living in remote areas to have access to the same resources as those in big cities.主干：What makes online education attractive is that...翻译：在线教育的吸引力在于，它让偏远地区的学生也能获得与大城市学生相同的资源。考点：What主语从句；that表语从句；living in...现在分词作定语；the same...as...结构。181. It has been pointed out that without necessary measures, the number of endangered species will continue to increase at an alarming rate.主干：It has been pointed out that...翻译：有人指出，如果不采取必要措施，濒危物种的数量将继续以惊人速度增加。考点：It形式主语；that主语从句；without介词短语作条件。182. The proposal that the school should set up more clubs to meet students' different interests has been warmly welcomed by both parents and students.主干：The proposal has been welcomed.翻译：学校应成立更多社团以满足学生不同兴趣的提议受到了家长和学生的热烈欢迎。考点：that同位语从句解释proposal；to meet不定式作目的。183. When we talk about the importance of education, we do not mean simply going to school and getting good grades, but developing the ability to learn independently.主干：we do not mean simply going to school...but developing...翻译：当我们谈论教育的重要性时，指的不只是上学拿高分，而是培养独立学习的能力。考点：When时间状语；do not mean...but...平行；动名词并列。184. The experiment, which was conducted over a period of five years, has proved that regular exercise can reduce the risk of heart disease by as much as forty percent.主干：The experiment has proved that...翻译：这项历时五年的实验证明，规律锻炼可使心脏病风险降低多达40%。考点：which非限制性定语；that宾语从句；by+数字表幅度。185. Those who support the new law argue that it will provide better protection for children who spend long hours online.主干：Those argue that...翻译：支持新法案的人辩称，它将为长时间上网的儿童提供更好的保护。考点：两个who定语从句分别修饰those和children；that宾语从句。186. It is not how much you read but what you read that really matters when it comes to improving your reading comprehension.主干：It is not...but...that really matters.翻译：在提升阅读理解方面，真正重要的不是读了多少，而是读了什么。考点：It is...that...强调句；not...but...并列主语；when it comes to固定句型。187. Although most people know that too much screen time is harmful, they still find it hard to put down their phones and focus on the real world.主干：they still find it hard.翻译：尽管大多数人知道屏幕时间过长有害，但他们仍发现很难放下手机、关注现实世界。考点：Although让步；that宾语从句；find it + adj. + to do形式宾语。188. The scientist, to whom we owe a great deal, will give a lecture on how curiosity leads to major discoveries.主干：The scientist will give a lecture.翻译：这位我们深感敬佩的科学家将就好奇心如何促成重大发现发表演讲。考点：to whom非限制性定语从句；owe...to...；on how...介词+宾语从句。189. It remains to be seen whether the new policy, which was announced last month, can effectively solve the housing problem in big cities.主干：It remains to be seen...翻译：上月公布的新政策能否有效解决大城市的住房问题，还有待观察。考点：It remains to be seen whether...；which非限制性定语从句。190. When choosing a career, young people should consider not only the salary they expect to earn but also whether the job can bring them a sense of achievement.主干：young people should consider not only...but also...翻译：选择职业时，年轻人不仅要考虑期望的薪水，还要考虑这份工作能否带来成就感。考点：When状语省略；they expect省略that定语从句；whether宾语从句。191. The fact that many species are disappearing at an alarming rate should remind us that we are sharing the planet with other living things.主干：The fact should remind us that...翻译：许多物种正以惊人速度消失，这一事实应提醒我们，我们与其他生物共享这个星球。考点：that同位语从句；that宾语从句。192. What surprised the researchers most was that the students who used the app for just ten minutes a day showed a greater improvement than those who used it for an hour.主干：What surprised them most was that...翻译：最让研究人员惊讶的是，每天只用这款APP十分钟的学生比用一小时的学生进步更大。考点：What主语从句；that表语从句；两个who定语从句；than比较。193. In a society where change happens so rapidly, the ability to keep learning is no longer an advantage but a necessity.主干：the ability is no longer an advantage but a necessity.翻译：在一个变化如此迅速的社会里，持续学习的能力不再是优势，而是必需。考点：where定语从句修饰society；no longer...but...平行。194. The article suggests that schools should not only teach students knowledge but also help them develop the skills that they will need in their future careers.主干：The article suggests that...翻译：文章建议学校不仅要传授知识，还要帮助学生培养未来职业所需的技能。考点：that宾语从句（虚拟语气）；not only...but also...；that定语从句。195. Although he had failed many times, he refused to give up, believing that one day his efforts would finally pay off.主干：he refused to give up.翻译：尽管失败了很多次，他仍拒绝放弃，相信总有一天努力会有回报。考点：Although让步；believing现在分词作伴随状语；that宾语从句。196. It is generally believed that a good laugh and a long sleep are the two best cures for almost everything.主干：It is generally believed that...翻译：人们普遍认为，开怀大笑和好好睡一觉是几乎所有问题的最佳解药。考点：It形式主语；that主语从句；两个并列主语。197. The reason why many students feel stressed before exams is that they often focus too much on the result rather than on the learning process.主干：The reason is that...翻译：很多学生考前感到压力大的原因是他们往往过于关注结果而非学习过程。考点：why定语从句；that表语从句；rather than平行比较。198. When it comes to environmental protection, what we need is not more empty talk but immediate action from everyone.主干：what we need is not...but...翻译：说到环保，我们需要的不是更多空谈，而是每个人立即行动。考点：When it comes to固定句型；What主语从句；not...but...平行。199. The survey shows that teenagers who often help with household chores are more likely to develop a sense of responsibility and independence.主干：The survey shows that...翻译：调查显示，经常做家务的青少年更有可能培养出责任感和独立性。考点：that宾语从句；who定语从句；be likely to do；and并列。200. No matter how advanced technology becomes, the role of teachers will never be replaced, because it is human care and encouragement that truly shape a student's growth.主干：the role will never be replaced.翻译：无论技术多么先进，教师的角色永远不会被取代，因为真正塑造学生成长的是人的关爱与鼓励。考点：No matter how让步状语；because原因状语从句；It is...that...强调句。附录：长难句拆分三步法总结步骤操作关键标志第一步：找谓语划出句子真正的谓语动词有时态变化的动词第二步：识从句找引导词that/which/who/when/where/because/although等引导词后通常是完整句第三步：剔修饰跳过介词短语、非谓语、插入语、同位语 of/in/for短语，doing/done/to do 核心口诀：先找主谓宾，再辨从句门；非谓语是修饰，插入语先放一边；并列平行看连词，长句拆短自然明。使用建议：每天精读10句，先自己翻译，再对照主干和解析；错题标注考点类型，二轮重点突破。200句过完一遍，阅读D篇长难句基本不再卡壳。

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高考英语长难句200句(2015—2026年真题)含 原句·主干·翻译·核心考点

高考英语长难句200句(2015—2026年真题)含原句·主干·翻译·核心考点