摘要:2015英二翻译真题,讲解“熟路效应”,原文对照译文,生词标注音标、搭配、例句,长难句逐层拆解,通俗易懂,适合刷题复盘积累。 【一、原文】 Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it’s easy to lose concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has. This is the well-travelled road effect: People tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route. The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. So we assume it was shorter. 【二、全文译文】 想一想行驶在一条十分熟悉的路上会是什么感觉。这条路或许是你上班通勤的路线、进城的路途,或是回家的路。无论哪一条,你对每一处弯道、每一个岔口都了如指掌。在这样的路途上,我们很容易在开车时分心,不太留意沿途掠过的风景。结果就是,你会感觉这段路程耗费的时间,比实际用时要短。 这就是熟路效应:人们往往会低估走完熟悉路线所需要的时间。 这种效应,是由我们分配注意力的方式造成的。当我们走一条熟知的路线时,因为不用高度集中精力,时间仿佛过得更快。而事后回想这段路程时,我们没法清晰记起旅途细节,因为当时并没有投入太多注意力。于是我们就会主观认为,这段路用时更短。 【三、生词&短语解析(音标+词性+释义+搭配+例句)】1. route /ruːt/ n. 路线,路途;航线 短语:a familiar route 熟悉的路线;commute route 通勤路线 例句:We took a different route to avoid traffic. 我们换了一条路线避开堵车。2. commute /kəˈmjuːt/ n. 通勤;通勤路程 v. 通勤 搭配:commute to work 上班通勤 例句:My daily commute takes forty minutes. 我每天通勤要四十分钟。3. twist /twɪst/ n. 弯道;转折 v. 扭转 短语:twists and turns 弯弯曲曲的道路;曲折变化4. like the back of your hand 习语,了如指掌,非常熟悉 例句:He knows this town like the back of his hand. 他对这座小镇了如指掌。5. concentration /ˌkɒnsnˈtreɪʃn/ n. 专注,注意力 词根:concentrate v. 集中注意力 短语:lose concentration 分心,注意力涣散 例句:Noise breaks my concentration. 噪音让我无法集中精神。6. scenery /ˈsiːnəri/ n. 风景,景色(不可数) 辨析:scenery 泛指一片自然风光;scene 指一处景色、场景7. consequence /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/ n. 结果,后果 短语:as a consequence 因此,结果8. perceive /pəˈsiːv/ v. 感知,觉得;看待 例句:She perceived that I was upset. 她察觉到我心情不好。9. well-travelled /ˌwel ˈtrævld/ adj. 常走的,熟路的;游历广的10. underestimate /ˌʌndəˈestɪmeɪt/ v. 低估,看轻 反义词:overestimate v. 高估 例句:Don’t underestimate the difficulty of this task. 不要低估这项任务的难度。11. allocate /ˈæləkeɪt/ v. 分配,分派 短语:allocate attention 分配注意力;allocate resources 分配资源12. afterwards /ˈɑːftəwədz/ adv. 之后,后来13. assume /əˈsjuːm/ v. 假定,认为;假设 例句:I assume you have read the article. 我默认你已经读过这篇文章。 【四、长难句拆解】✅长难句1:Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. 解析:Whichever 引导让步状语从句,“无论它是哪一个”;like the back of your hand 是方式状语,固定习语。 翻译:无论哪一条,你对每一处弯道、每一个岔口都了如指掌。✅长难句2:The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has. 解析:主句表语是that引导的表语从句;表语从句内部又嵌套一层that引导的宾语从句;than引导比较状语从句,has后面省略了taken time。 翻译:结果就是,你会感觉这段路程耗费的时间,比实际用时要短。✅长难句3:This is the well-travelled road effect: People tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route. 解析:冒号后面是同位语,解释effect;it takes…是定语从句,修饰先行词the time,省略关系代词that。 翻译:这就是熟路效应:人们往往会低估走完熟悉路线所需要的时间。✅长难句4:When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. 解析:When引导时间状语从句,because嵌套在里面,是原因状语从句;主句是time seems to flow more quickly。 翻译:当我们走一条熟知的路线时,因为不用高度集中精力,时间仿佛过得更快。✅长难句5:And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. 解析:when引导时间状语从句,because引导原因状语从句;think back on 固定短语:回想,回忆。 翻译:而事后回想这段路程时,我们没法清晰记起旅途细节,因为当时并没有投入太多注意力。 【五、翻译得分要点(考研踩分点)】1. twists and turns:不要直译成“扭转”,译为弯道、岔口、曲折路段,更通顺;2. like the back of your hand:固定习语,优先翻“了如指掌”,是高分表达;3. well-travelled road effect:专有名词,学界通用译法 熟路效应;4. underestimate:重点词,译为“低估”,不要翻译成“忘记”;5. 比较结构 less time than it actually has,翻译要体现对比:主观感觉用时<真实用时。 这篇短文不只是一道翻译考题,也藏着很有意思的生活感受。我们总觉得熟悉的路过得更快,不是路程变短了,而是我们的注意力悄悄放空了。新鲜感,才是帮我们感知时间的标尺。