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Passage 1（C篇 · 医学科普）
Can doctors make better cancer treatment decisions if they consult fish? Previous studies have shown that zebrafish avatars could help identify cancer treatments. Rita Fior, a developmental biologist and her colleagues now want to determine whether that ability can benefit patients.
Zebrafish avatars are tiny, fast-growing models of individual cancer patients created by transplanting the patient’s own tumor（肿瘤）cells into 2-day-old zebrafish embryos（胚胎). These tiny fish then act as living substitutes for the patient, allowing researchers to test multiple cancer drugs or radiation on the patient’s tumor cells within 4-7 days—far quicker than traditional mouse models.
In a 2024 report in Nature Communications, the scientists generated avatars for 55 patients and putting the fish on the same type of chemo-therapy the people received. For 50 of the patients, the fish “predicted” the outcome of treatment. An added benefit, Fior says, is that avatars can reveal key characteristics of tumors such as whether they are likely to spread.
Zebrafish are more similar to humans than cell cultures and far cheaper to raise than mice. The small, transparent embryos are also easier to analyze, says Sofia de Oliveira, a biologist at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. “You can visualize the whole animal under the microscope,” she explains, “and easily determine the spread of cancer cells.”
In the clinical trial, Fior and her team will test that promise by separating cancer cells from the fluid that builds up in the stomach of people whose cancer cells have spread outside the original site and is usually drained as part of treatment. “We are not doing an extra procedure on the patients,” she says. The cells will then be implanted into the fish embryos. Instead of testing experimental drugs, as many other clinical trials do, the study will determine which combination of treatments works best. Most of the patients will receive medications suggested by the zebrafish results.
1. What are zebrafish avatars?
A. Models of mouse embryos.
B. Radiation on the tumor cells.
C. Drugs for multiple cancers.
D. Replacements for cancer patients.
2. How do zebrafish avatars help doctors with cancer treatments?
A. By forecasting treatment results.
B. By predicting where tumors will spread.
C. By killing tumor cells in cancer patients.
D. By transplanting zebrafish cells into humans.
3. What makes zebrafish an ideal species for cancer research?
A. Their similarity to cell cultures.
B. Their small sizes and dark embryos.
C. Their low cost and ease of analysis.
D. Their complex appearance and structure.
4. What is the primary goal of the clinical trial led by Fior and her team?
A. To develop new experimental drugs for cancers.
B. To test the safety of chemo-therapy on zebrafish.
C. To identify the ideal combination of cancer therapies.
D. To separate cancer cells from the fluid of cancer patients.
【答案速查】DACC
【解析】
1. D根据第二段第一句“Zebrafish avatars are tiny, fast-growing models of individual cancer patients created by transplanting the patient’s own tumor cells into 2-day-old zebrafish embryos”以及第二句“These tiny fish then act as living substitutes for the patient”可知，斑马鱼“替身”是把病人自身的肿瘤细胞移植到斑马鱼胚胎中培育出的、充当病人“活体替代品”的模型，故D项“癌症病人的替代模型”正确；A项（老鼠胚胎模型）、B项（对肿瘤细胞的放疗）、C项（治疗多种癌症的药物）均与原文给出的定义不符。
2. A第三段介绍2024年《自然·通讯》的报告：科学家为55位病人培育avatar，并让鱼接受与病人相同的化疗，结果“For 50 of the patients, the fish ‘predicted’ the outcome of treatment”，55人中50人的治疗结果被鱼成功“预测”，这说明avatar能帮助医生预测治疗效果，故选A。B项干扰性较强：原文第三段末句说avatar能揭示肿瘤“whether they are likely to spread”（是否可能扩散），而非预测肿瘤“扩散到哪里（where）”，故B错误；C、D两项在原文中均无依据。
3. C第四段Sofia de Oliveira指出“Zebrafish are more similar to humans than cell cultures and far cheaper to raise than mice. The small, transparent embryos are also easier to analyze”，并说“You can visualize the whole animal under the microscope”，可见斑马鱼比细胞培养更接近人体、比老鼠饲养成本低，且胚胎小而透明、易于分析，C项“低成本与易于分析”正确；A项错在把“比细胞培养更接近人类”偷换成“与细胞培养相似”；B项中的dark embryos与原文transparent（透明的）相反；D项属于无中生有。
4. C第五段说明临床试验的做法：“Instead of testing experimental drugs, as many other clinical trials do, the study will determine which combination of treatments works best”，即该研究不像其他试验那样测试实验性新药，而是确定哪种治疗组合效果最好，故其主要目标是C项“确定癌症疗法的理想组合”；A项与instead of之后的内容相反；B项原文未提及；D项“从病人体液中分离癌细胞”只是试验中的一个步骤，并非研究的最终目标。
【部分长难句解析】
■ Zebrafish avatars are tiny, fast-growing models of individual cancer patients created by transplanting the patient’s own tumor cells into 2-day-old zebrafish embryos.
这是一个主系表结构的简单句，主干为Zebrafish avatars are models（斑马鱼替身是模型）；tiny和fast-growing是并列的前置定语，of individual cancer patients作后置定语修饰models；created by...是过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句which are created by...，by后接动名词transplanting表示“通过移植……的方式”，transplant A into B意为“把A移植到B中”。
全句意为：斑马鱼“替身”是为个别癌症病人建立的微小、生长迅速的模型，通过把病人自己的肿瘤细胞移植到出生仅两天的斑马鱼胚胎中而培育出来。
■ These tiny fish then act as living substitutes for the patient, allowing researchers to test multiple cancer drugs or radiation on the patient’s tumor cells within 4-7 days—far quicker than traditional mouse models.
主句为These tiny fish act as living substitutes（这些小鱼充当活体替代品），act as意为“充当”；allowing researchers to test...是现在分词短语作伴随/结果状语，构成allow sb. to do sth.结构；破折号后的far quicker than traditional mouse models是形容词比较级短语作补充说明（可理解为省略了which is），对“4到7天”这一速度进行比较。全句意为：这些小鱼随后充当病人的活体替代品，使研究人员能在4到7天内对病人的肿瘤细胞测试多种抗癌药物或放疗——比传统的老鼠模型快得多。
■An added benefit, Fior says, is that avatars can reveal key characteristics of tumors such as whether they are likely to spread.
主句为An added benefit is that...，其中Fior says是插入语；that引导表语从句，从句主干为avatars can reveal characteristics；such as后接whether引导的名词性从句（作as的宾语），be likely to do表示“可能做某事”。全句意为：菲奥尔说，另一个好处是，这些替身能揭示肿瘤的关键特征，比如它们是否可能扩散。
■ Instead of testing experimental drugs, as many other clinical trials do, the study will determine which combination of treatments works best.
句首Instead of testing...为介词短语作状语，表示“不是去测试……”；as many other clinical trials do是as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代“测试实验性药物”这件事，意为“正如许多其他临床试验所做的那样”；主句the study will determine后接which引导的宾语从句，which combination在从句中作主语，works best为谓语。全句意为：该研究不像许多其他临床试验那样测试实验性药物，而是要确定哪种治疗组合效果最好。
【相关词汇拓展】
1. consultv. 咨询；请教；查阅
2. determinev. 确定；查明；决定
3. identifyv. 识别；确认；发现
4. individualadj. 个别的；个人的 n. 个人
5. transplantv./n. 移植
6. substituten. 替代品；替代者v. 代替
7. multipleadj. 多个的；多种的
8. radiationn. 放疗；辐射；射线
9. generatev. 产生；生成
10. predictv. 预测；预言
11. outcomen. 结果；后果
12. revealv. 揭示；显示；透露
13. characteristicn. 特征；特点adj. 典型的
14. spread (spread, spread)v. 扩散；传播；蔓延
15. transparentadj. 透明的；显而易见的
16. analyzev. 分析；研究
17. visualizev. 使形象化；直观看到；想象
18. clinicaladj. 临床的；诊所的
19. implantv. 植入；移植
20. combinationn. 结合；组合
Passage 2（D篇 · 心理社科）
Why do some people feel such a strong bond with celebrities, and what does this reveal about their personality and values? A new study published in the International Journal of Psychology has found that people who strongly admire celebrities tend to score higher in both materialism and narcissism (自恋). The study also found that people who perceive themselves as similar to their favorite celebrity are more likely to have these attitudes.
The study, conducted by Davis, Locker, and Williams, recruited 215 undergraduates, mostly women, who completed a battery of questionnaires measuring their attitudes toward celebrities, materialistic values, and narcissistic tendencies. Participants also answered newly created questions that assessed how similar they felt to their favorite celebrity in terms of personality, appearance, or lifestyle.
Celebrity worship was assessed with the Celebrity Attitude Scale (量表). Materialism was measured by examining how much value people place on owning things, how important possessions are to their identity, and whether they believe material goods make them happier. Narcissism was measured in two forms: grandiose narcissism (characterized by confidence, entitlement, and dominance) and vulnerable narcissism (marked by insecurity, sensitivity to criticism, and a preoccupation with self-image).
The results showed a consistent relationship between celebrity worship and materialism. People who scored higher on celebrity worship also tended to place greater importance on money, status, and possessions. When it came to narcissism, only the vulnerable type, people with higher levels of emotional insecurity and self-focus, were more likely to feel strongly connected to celebrities. Most importantly, perceived similarity—whether in appearance, behavior, or personality—stood out as one of the strongest predictors of celebrity worship.
The researchers concluded, “celebrity worship is a complex construct, but perceived similarity with a favorite celebrity and vulnerable narcissism may be fruitful avenues for future research.” Still, an important question remains: do people idolize celebrities because they already feel similar to them, or do they start to see themselves as similar after forming an emotional attachment?
1. What is paragraph 2 about?
A. The research background.B. The research subjects.
C. The research results.D. The research method.
2. According to the study, who are more likely to worship celebrities?
A. Those indifferent to wealth and social status.
B. Those valuing self-confidence and dominance.
C. Those emotionally insecure and self-focused.
D. Those seeking spiritual growth beyond possessions.
3. According to the researchers, what might be a direction of future research?
A. Celebrity worship.B. Grandiose narcissism.C. Materialism.D. Perceived similarity.
5. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To explain celebrity worship psychology.
B. To warn against the dangers of celebrity culture.
C. To criticize celebrity materialism and narcissism.
D. To describe scales for measuring personality traits.
【答案速查】DCDA
【解析】
1. D第二段讲研究由Davis、Locker和Williams实施，“recruited 215 undergraduates... who completed a battery of questionnaires measuring their attitudes...”，参与者还要回答关于自己与偶像相似度的新设计问题，全段都在交代研究对象如何招募、通过哪些问卷和问题采集数据，属于“研究方法”，故选D。A项（研究背景）、B项（研究对象）只覆盖局部内容：215名本科生虽是研究对象，但段落的重心是他们完成问卷与测评的实施方式；C项（研究结果）出现在第四段。
2. C第四段明确指出“When it came to narcissism, only the vulnerable type, people with higher levels of emotional insecurity and self-focus, were more likely to feel strongly connected to celebrities”，即只有“脆弱型自恋”者——情绪上更缺乏安全感、更关注自我的人——更可能与名人建立强烈的情感联结，故选C。A项与第四段“崇拜名人者更看重金钱、地位和财产”的表述相反；B项中的自信、支配属于grandiose narcissism，而原文说该类型与追星无关；D项在原文中没有依据。
3. D第五段中研究者的结论是“perceived similarity with a favorite celebrity and vulnerable narcissism may be fruitful avenues for future research”，即“感知相似性”和脆弱型自恋可能是未来研究富有成效的方向，选项中D项Perceived similarity与之吻合；B项grandiose narcissism与原文意思相反；A、C两项过于宽泛，并不是研究者点名指出的具体方向。
5. A全文围绕开篇提出的“为什么有些人与名人建立如此强烈的情感联结、这反映出他们怎样的性格与价值观”展开，客观介绍了一项关于名人崇拜与物质主义、自恋之间关系的研究及其方法、结果和未来方向，其目的是解释名人崇拜背后的心理，故选A。文章只是客观呈现研究，并没有警告名人文化的危险（B）、批判物质主义与自恋（C）；而量表（D）只是研究工具，并非全文的写作目的。
【长难句解析】
■A new study published in the International Journal of Psychology has found that people who strongly admire celebrities tend to score higher in both materialism and narcissism.
主句为A new study has found that...；published in...是过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句which was published；that引导宾语从句，从句的主语people后接who引导的定语从句who strongly admire celebrities，谓语为tend to score higher，in both materialism and narcissism为范围状语，由both...and...并列。全句意为：一项发表在《国际心理学杂志》上的新研究发现，强烈崇拜名人的人在物质主义和自恋两方面的得分往往更高。
■The study, conducted by Davis, Locker, and Williams, recruited 215 undergraduates, mostly women, who completed a battery of questionnaires measuring their attitudes toward celebrities, materialistic values, and narcissistic tendencies.
主句为The study recruited 215 undergraduates；conducted by...是过去分词短语作非限制性后置定语，相当于which was conducted by...；mostly women是插入性的同位语；who completed...是修饰undergraduates的定语从句，a battery of questionnaires意为“一系列问卷”；measuring...是现在分词短语作后置定语修饰questionnaires，后接三个并列宾语。全句意为：这项由戴维斯、洛克和威廉姆斯实施的研究招募了215名本科生（多为女性），他们完成了一系列问卷，测评其对名人的态度、物质主义价值观和自恋倾向。
■ Narcissism was measured in two forms: grandiose narcissism (characterized by confidence, entitlement, and dominance) and vulnerable narcissism (marked by insecurity, sensitivity to criticism, and a preoccupation with self-image).
主句为Narcissism was measured in two forms（自恋被分为两种类型来测量），冒号后列举这两类；两个括号内分别用过去分词短语characterized by...和marked by...作后置定语，均意为“以……为特征”，各自接三个并列名词；sensitivity to criticism中的to为介词。全句意为：自恋分为两种形式测量：浮夸型自恋（以自信、特权感和支配欲为特征）和脆弱型自恋（以不安全感、对批评敏感和过度关注自我形象为标志）。
■Still, an important question remains: do people idolize celebrities because they already feel similar to them, or do they start to see themselves as similar after forming an emotional attachment?
主句an important question remains之后用冒号引出一个选择疑问句，由or并列两个分句；第一分句含有because引导的原因状语从句，feel similar to意为“觉得与……相似”；第二分句中after forming an emotional attachment为“介词after + 动名词”结构，see...as...意为“把……看作……”。全句意为：尽管如此，仍有一个重要问题：人们崇拜名人是因为本来就觉得自己与他们相似，还是在形成情感依恋之后才开始认为自己与他们相似？
【相关词汇拓展】
1. bondn. 纽带；联系；羁绊
2. celebrityn. 名人；名流
3. admirev. 钦佩；欣赏；仰慕
4. perceivev. 注意到；认为；把……看作
5. similaradj. 相似的（be similar to）
6. conductv. 实施；进行；引导
7. recruitv. 招募；吸收
8. questionnairen. 问卷；调查表
9. assessv. 评估；评定
10. possessionn. 财产；所有物；拥有
11. dominancen. 支配；控制；优势
12. vulnerableadj. 脆弱的；易受伤的
13. insecurityn. 不安全感；无把握
14. worshipn./v. 崇拜；敬慕
15. constructn. 概念；构念v. 建造
16. fruitfuladj. 富有成效的；多产的
17. avenuen. 途径；手段；大街
18. idolizev. 崇拜；把……当偶像
19. attachmentn. 依恋；情感联结；附件
20. predictorn. 预测因素；预言者
Passage 3（C/D篇 · 科技时文）
After Unitree H1 showed up amazingly as “Yang BOT” in the Spring Festival Gala, the G1 robot from Unitree has been getting a lot of attention. People call it the Kung Fu Robot because it can do really difficult martial arts (武术) moves. But it can do much more than just that.
On February 25, 2025, a video of the G1 robot came out. In the video, it showed its skills. It could punch hard and do spinning kicks very well. After doing a complicated spinning kick, it stood firmly on the ground. People who watched were really surprised. It can do this great performance because it has advanced algorithms (先进的算法) and good artificial intelligence. It can learn different movements by watching people. It doesn’t just copy; it can also make those movements better and change them.
The G1 robot is not only good at cool martial arts. In factories, it can do dangerous and boring jobs. For example, it can check machines in factories. It can reach places that people can’t get to. In hospitals, it can help patients do rehabilitation exercises. It can carefully show them the right movements.
Marc Raibert, the founder of Boston Dynamics, bought the G1 for a big robotics company. He said he was interested in what the G1 could do and wanted to find out more about its possibilities. This shows that the G1 is known around the world. The video of the G1 also made netizens excited. Some people were surprised by its martial arts skills. Others started to think about many other ways it could be helpful.
The first show of the so-called Kung Fu Robot is really great. It means there are big improvements in robotics technology. It also shows that China is getting stronger in this field. We can wait and see how it will keep getting better and helping in different areas.
1. Why is the G1 robot called the “Kung Fu Robot”?
A. It won a global robotics competition.
B. It was made for movie stunt performances.
C. It can take the place of human martial arts coaches.
D. It can do difficult martial arts movements very well.
2. What helps the robot make its movements better and change them?
A. High-definition cameras.B. 360° rotating joints.
C. Laser navigation systems.D. Advanced AI algorithms.
3. In factories, what can the robot help with?
A. Managing worker schedules.B. Designing factory blueprints.
C. Doing dangerous and boring jobs.D. Creating marketing plans.
4. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To introduce a famous robotics company founder.
B. To explain how kung fu is performed by machines.
C. To show China’s progress in robotics and G1’s practical uses.
D. To compare Chinese robots with foreign ones.
【答案速查】 DDCC
Passage 4（C篇 · 健康生活）
“Five more minutes” is the first thought of many people when their alarms ring in the morning. This first thought is usually followed by hitting the snooze button (稍后提醒按键) and falling back asleep for a few more moments. Hitting the snooze button has become a habit for millions of people, but it is time to examine this habit and develop new habits for feeling more rested during the day.
Though hitting the snooze button allows people a few more minutes of sleep, it causes unhealthy sleep patterns. Most people think if they are tired when they first wake up, they need more sleep. However, they are mistaken when they conclude that any sleep is good sleep.
Sleeping is a process with different cycles. To feel fully rested, the body must go through all the sleep cycles. Falling back asleep after hitting the snooze button restarts the process, but when the alarm rings again several minutes later, the process is interrupted. The body has not gone through all the cycles, and this can cause the body to feel sleepy for the rest of the day. This sleepiness can affect memory, the ability to make choices, and performance at work or school.
Sleepiness may also happen if the body’s biological rhythm (生物节律) is interrupted. People normally fall asleep at night and wake up in the morning because their rhythms are operating naturally. The rhythms are affected by repeated use of the snooze button, which can cause feelings of sleepiness during the day and an inability to fall asleep at night.
Rather than depending on the snooze button, people need to consider developing different routines. The easiest choice is to put the alarm on the other side of the room. Having to get out of bed to turn it off decreases the possibility of hitting the snooze button. Another choice, if your routine allows it, is to just reset the alarm. Setting your alarm for 30 minutes later will make the whole sleep process longer instead of always restarting it.
Though a few extra minutes of sleep may seem to promise a better start to the day, hitting that snooze button creates an unhealthy sleep pattern.
1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. What unhealthy sleep patterns most people have.
B. What people should do to feel fully rested in the daytime.
C. Why a few minutes of sleep after first waking up causes bad effects.
D. How people can get more sleep in the morning.
2. What does the underlined word “interrupted” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. 被打断。B. 被推进。C.被影响。D.被取消。
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Hitting the snooze button helps people fall asleep at night.
B. Repeated use of the snooze button helps people feel more energetic.
C. Putting the alarm a bit far from the bed helps form healthy sleep habits.
D. Resetting the alarm is the best choice for everyone.
4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Don’t Wake Up Late!B. Snooze: An Unhealthy Sleep Pattern
C. Snooze: A Good Way to Avoid SleepinessD. Ways to Get Good Sleep at Night
【答案速查】CACB
Passage 5（C篇 · 科技与社会）
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), China is using AI and robots in elderly care service field, offering new ways to the challenges of anaging population. The latest data shows that China’s population aged 60 and above reached 310 million by the end of 2024. It’s about 22 percent of its total.
Although elderly care robots are still in the early stage compared to industrial robots, some users have already begun to experience the convenience they offer. To serve the users better, China helped create the first international standard for elderly care robots, setting rules for their design and safety.
In Shenzhen, elderly care robots are widely used in nursing homes. They play chess, give treatment, and help old people with movement. “These robots improve our lives and show us new ideas,” said Li Xipo, a nursing home director. During the Spring Festival, special robots even helped elderly people climb mountains, showing their potential in making our lives better.
Other cities are also using elderly care robots. In Shenyang, a patient learned to walk again with the robot’s help. In Chengdu, a companion robot named Yang Yang wakes the old each morning and reminds them of their daily activities. Soon, more elderly care robots like Yang Yang will enter the market. They will bring the elderly a better life.
It is believed that the government support and the progress in AI will help the development of the elderly care robots. In the future, the care robots will be able to predict health risks and provide proactive (主动的) care just like family.
54. What does the underlined word “aging” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Growing old.B. Getting heavy.C. Becoming rich.D. Staying healthy.
55. How does the writer show the advantages of using elderly care robots?
A. By listing numbers.B. By giving examples.
C. By asking questions.D. By comparing different countries.
56. What can be inferred from the text?
A. 22% of China’s population are aged 60 and above.
B. The elderly care robots will become more popular.
C. The government will cut down its spending on robots.
D. Robots will soon take the place of family members.
57. What can be the best title for the text?
A. AI Helps China Develop Elderly Care Robots.
B. China Creates Elderly Care Robot Standard.
C. Smart Robots Help China’s Elderly People.
D. The Development of AI in China.
【答案速查】ABBC
链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1q_-7-iSmb1C22ufu1tX-bg?pwd=cxyy 提取码: cxyy
