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短文填空(原题+答案+解析+全文译文+考点提炼)
一、短文原题
Chinese culture is rich and colorful. It includes many different art forms, such as painting, music and kung fu. Each of them 1. ____ (have) a long history and continues to touch people around the world today.
Painting is 2. ____ important part of Chinese art. Many paintings show important people and stories from Chinese traditions. These artworks are deeply 3. ____ (influence) by Chinese beliefs. A few years ago, scientists found a 1,400-year-old tomb (古墓) with beautiful paintings on the walls. The paintings are very special—many cannot be found in any other tomb from the same period. 4. ____ (recent), these artworks can be seen in museums around the world. They show 5. ____ creative and skillful ancient Chinese artists were.
Music also holds a special place in Chinese culture. The Chinese people 6. ____ (create) many traditional musical instruments since ancient times. For example, the xun is an instrument that sounds like a flute.
China is also the birthplace of kung fu, a famous style of fighting arts. Kung fu was developed in the mid-1600s. It is based 7. ____ the movements of animals, such as tigers, snakes and cranes. Today, people all over the world practise kung fu for sport, health, and self-protection. Through practice, they not only build their bodies but also challenge 8. ____ (they).
From art and music to kung fu, Chinese culture offers the world a window into its history, beauty and ancient 9. ____ (wise). It is one of the 10. ____ (old) living cultures in human history. Its beauty will keep inspiring future generations.
二、标准答案
1. has
2. an
3. influenced
4. Recently
5. how
6. have created
7. on
8. themselves
9. wisdom
10. oldest
三、逐题详细解析
1. has
- 语法考点:主谓一致
- 解析: each of + 复数名词/代词 作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;全文为一般现在时,因此have变为第三人称单数has。
2. an
- 语法考点:不定冠词用法
- 解析: important 以元音音素 /ɪ/ 开头,表示“一个重要的部分”,要用不定冠词an。固定搭配:an important part of …………的重要组成部分。
3. influenced
- 语法考点:被动语态
- 解析:固定结构 be influenced by… 意为“受……影响”,是被动语态,be动词后接动词过去分词,因此influence变为influenced。
4. Recently
- 语法考点:副词作时间状语
- 解析:单词位于句首修饰整个句子,需要用副词形式;形容词recent变为副词Recently,意为“近来、最近”,句首首字母大写。
5. how
- 语法考点:宾语从句引导词
- 解析:从句 creative and skillful ancient Chinese artists were 是主系表结构,修饰形容词creative and skillful,用引导词how,表示“多么富有创造力、技艺高超”。
6. have created
- 语法考点:现在完成时
- 解析:标志词 since ancient times (自古以来)是现在完成时标志性时间状语,结构为 have/has + 过去分词 ;主语people是复数,因此用have created。
7. on
- 语法考点:固定介词搭配
- 解析:固定短语 be based on 意为“以……为基础、根据……”,是中考必背固定搭配。
8. themselves
- 语法考点:反身代词
- 解析:固定搭配 challenge oneself 意为“挑战自我”;主语是they,对应的反身代词为themselves。
9. wisdom
- 语法考点:词性转换(形容词→名词)
- 解析:and连接并列名词history、beauty,因此形容词wise要变为名词wisdom,意为“智慧”。
10. oldest
- 语法考点:形容词最高级
- 解析:固定结构 one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 ,意为“最……之一”,因此old变为最高级oldest。
四、全文汉语译文
中华文化丰富多彩、绚烂多姿,包含绘画、音乐、功夫等诸多不同的艺术形式。每一种艺术都源远流长,直至今日依旧打动着世界各地的人们。
绘画是中国艺术至关重要的组成部分。许多画作描绘了中华传统文化里的重要人物与经典故事,这些艺术作品深受中国传统思想文化的影响。几年前,科学家发现了一座距今1400年的古墓,墓室墙壁上留存着精美壁画。这些画作十分珍贵独特,同时期其他古墓中几乎找不到同款题材。近期,这些国宝级画作在全球各地博物馆展出,向世人展现了中国古代艺术家超凡的创造力与精湛技艺。
音乐同样在中国文化里占据着独特地位。自古以来,中华民族就创造了数不胜数的传统民族乐器。比如埙,就是一种音色酷似竹笛的古老乐器。
中国也是功夫——这一著名武术流派的发源地。功夫诞生于17世纪中期,以虎、蛇、鹤等动物的姿态动作为创编基础。如今,世界各地的人们练习功夫,用于体育竞技、强身健体与自我防护。在日复一日的修习中,人们不仅强健体魄,也不断挑战自我、超越自我。
从书画、雅乐到中华武术,中华文化向世界打开了一扇窗口,让全世界窥见华夏悠久的历史、独特的东方美学与千年古老智慧。中华文明是人类历史上延续至今最古老的文明之一,它独有的东方韵味,将永远启迪、滋养后世子孙。
五、中考核心考点提炼
1. 高频时态考点
1. 一般现在时主谓一致: each of 作主语,谓语动词用单数
2. 现在完成时: since + 过去时间 ,固定结构 have/has + 过去分词
2. 词性转换必考点
- 形容词 → 副词:recent → Recently(句首作状语)
- 形容词 → 名词:wise → wisdom
- 动词被动变形:influence → influenced(be done被动结构)
3. 固定搭配&介词短语
- an important part of ……的重要部分
- be influenced by 受……影响
- be based on 以……为基础
- challenge oneself 挑战自我
- one of the + 形容词最高级 最……之一
4. 从句&连词考点
宾语从句引导词how:修饰形容词/副词,表程度“多么……”
5. 代词专项
人称代词 → 反身代词:they → themselves,中考高频固定反身搭配
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