短文填空
（本题10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Xuelong-2 is China’s first domestically-built（本国建造的）icebreaker. It is very important. It 1. ______ (build) in 2017. It began to be used in 2019. It helps us learn more about the polar regions.
The 42nd Antarctic expedition team set sail on a seven-month journey on November 1, 2025. Recently, the Xuelong-2 icebreaker 2. ______ (reach) the Antarctic ice sheet. It is busy 3. ______ (break) ice. It is also guiding the Xuelong to Zhongshan Station.
This icebreaker is 4. ______ (exact) designed for polar work. It is 122.5 metres long and 22.32 metres wide. When it breaks ice, it can break ice which 5. ______ (be) 1.5 metres thick with 0.2 metres of snow on it.
The Xuelong-2 is special. It can break ice with both the front and the back. The front of the ship is like a knife for ice. It can break ice well. 6. ______ the ice is too thick, it can move back a little and then go forward fast to break the ice. The back of the ship is much 7. ______ (strong). It has a nice shape. The two propellers（螺旋桨）can break the ice under the water and move the broken ice away.
The Xuelong-2 has good scientific research equipment on it so it is like 8. ______ moving research place. Scientists on the ship can study many things about the polar environment, such as ocean currents, weather 9. ______ (change) and different animals and plants. It provides them 10. ______ a good platform（平台）for collecting important data and samples.
参考答案
1. was built
2. has reached
3. breaking
4. exactly
5. is
6. If/When
7. stronger
8. a
9. changes
10. with
解析
1. was built：主语It与build为被动关系，且时间为过去（2017年），用一般过去时的被动语态。
2. has reached：Recently为现在完成时标志，主语为单数，用has reached。
3. breaking：固定搭配be busy doing sth.，表示“忙于做某事”。
4. exactly：用副词修饰动词designed。
5. is：先行词ice为不可数名词，定语从句谓语用单数。
6. If/When：引导条件/时间状语从句，表示“如果/当冰太厚时”。
7. stronger：much修饰形容词比较级，表示“更强”。
8. a：表示“一个移动的研究场所”，moving以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。
9. changes：weather changes为固定表达，用复数表示各类天气变化。
10. with：固定搭配provide sb. with sth.，表示“为某人提供某物
全文英汉对照翻译
The Xuelong-2 is China’s first domestically-built icebreaker. It is very important. It was built in 2017. It began to be used in 2019. It helps us learn more about the polar regions.
雪龙2号是中国第一艘国产破冰船，它意义重大。它于2017年建造完成，2019年正式投入使用，帮助我们更深入地了解极地地区。
The 42nd Antarctic expedition team set sail on a seven-month journey on November 1, 2025. Recently, the Xuelong-2 icebreaker has reached the Antarctic ice sheet. It is busy breaking ice. It is also guiding the Xuelong to Zhongshan Station.
第42次南极科考队于2025年11月1日开启了为期7个月的航程。近期，雪龙2号已抵达南极冰盖，正忙于破冰作业，同时引导雪龙号前往中山站。
This icebreaker is exactly designed for polar work. It is 122.5 metres long and 22.32 metres wide. When it breaks ice, it can break ice which is 1.5 metres thick with 0.2 metres of snow on it.
这艘破冰船是专门为极地作业设计的，长122.5米，宽22.32米。破冰时，它能破开覆盖0.2米积雪、厚度达1.5米的冰层。
The Xuelong-2 is special. It can break ice with both the front and the back. The front of the ship is like a knife for ice. It can break ice well. If/When the ice is too thick, it can move back a little and then go forward fast to break the ice. The back of the ship is much stronger. It has a nice shape. The two propellers can break the ice under the water and move the broken ice away.
雪龙2号的独特之处在于它能前后双向破冰。船首如同破冰利刃，破冰效果极佳。如果冰层过厚，它会先小幅后退，再快速向前冲破冰层。船尾的结构则坚固得多，特殊的造型配合两个螺旋桨，能在水下破开冰层并将碎冰排开。
The Xuelong-2 has good scientific research equipment on it so it is like a moving research place. Scientists on the ship can study many things about the polar environment, such as ocean currents, weather changes and different animals and plants. It provides them with a good platform for collecting important data and samples.
雪龙2号配备了先进的科研设备，就像一座移动的科研站。船上的科学家可以研究极地环境的诸多内容，比如洋流、天气变化以及各类动植物，它为科学家收集重要数据和样本提供了优质平台。
核心考点解析
1. 第1题：一般过去时的被动语态
结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。主语“it（破冰船）”是“被建造”的对象，且时间为2017年（过去时），所以用 was built 。易错点是混淆主动和被动语态，误写为 built 。
2. 第2题：现在完成时
标志词是 Recently （最近），结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。主语是单数，所以用 has reached 。易错点是忽略现在完成时的语境，误写为过去式 reached 。
3. 第3题：固定搭配 be busy doing sth.
表示“忙于做某事”，动词要用动名词形式，所以填 breaking 。易错点是误写为 break 或 to break 。
4. 第4题：副词修饰动词
用副词 exactly 修饰动词 designed ，形容词 exact 不能直接修饰动词。易错点是误写为形容词 exact 。
5. 第5题：定语从句的主谓一致
先行词 ice 是不可数名词，定语从句的谓语动词要用单数形式，所以填 is 。易错点是误写为 are ，忽略先行词的数。
6. 第6题：引导状语从句的连词
这里需要用 If （如果）或 When （当……时）引导条件/时间状语从句，表示“当冰层过厚时/如果冰层过厚”。易错点是误用逻辑不符的连词，如 Because 或 Though 。
7. 第7题：形容词比较级
much 用来修饰形容词的比较级，表示“……得多”，所以 strong 要变为比较级 stronger 。易错点是误写为原级 strong 。
8. 第8题：不定冠词
表示“一个移动的研究场所”，且 moving 以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词 a 。易错点是误用 an 或漏填。
9. 第9题：名词复数
weather changes 是固定搭配，表示“天气变化”，这里用复数形式 changes 表示泛指各类天气变化。易错点是误写为单数 change 。
10. 第10题：固定搭配 provide sb. with sth.
表示“为某人提供某物”，所以填介词 with 。易错点是误用介词 for 。
