2025年英语高考真题熟词生义40例

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2025年英语高考真题熟词生义40例

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2025年高考真题熟词生义40例

1.cell 【生义】电池【熟义】n.<生>细胞, 小牢房, 小房间

（2025·全国一卷·阅读A）Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive.

2.keep【生义】保存【熟义】v.保持, 继续

（2025·全国一卷·阅读A）Liquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign.

3.breakdown【生义】(对庞杂信息的)分类，分析【熟义】故障; 垮掉

（2025·全国一卷·阅读A）“Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.”

4.green【生义】环保的【熟义】绿色的

（2025·全国一卷·阅读A）“The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.”

5.piece 【生义】文章,作品【熟义】n.块, 碎片, 部件, 一件, 一块, 项

（2025·全国一卷·阅读B）For the next two assignments, a personal narrative unit followed by a creative writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis.

6.touch【生义】使感到【熟义】v.碰，（使）接触

（2025·全国一卷·阅读B）The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.

7.staggering【生义】令人吃惊的，惊人的【熟义】摇晃的; 蹒跚的

（2025·全国一卷·阅读B）“The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.”

8.strike【生义】给(某人以……)印象; 让(某人)觉得【熟义】打击; 罢工; 撞击

（2025·全国一卷·阅读B）“They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important.”

9.account【生义】考虑; 解释【熟义】账户; 账目; 描述

（2025·全国一卷·阅读C）“We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs.”

10.trap【生义】收集，吸收【熟义】v.使陷入困境, 设陷阱捕捉, 卡/夹/绊住

（2025·全国一卷·阅读D）Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics.

11.senior【生义】高年级/毕业班学生；大四的学生【熟义】adj.级别/地位高的，资深的, (比赛)成人的，高水平的

（2025·全国一卷·阅读7选5）Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week.

12.spare【生义】使免遭(麻烦、痛苦等); 免去【熟义】抽出; 匀出; 备用的

（2025·全国一卷·完形填空）“Each exchange provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered.”“每一次交流都为保护垃圾填埋场提供了机会，也让我有机会去取悦另一个我可能不会遇到的人。”

13.cut【生义】削减; 降低【熟义】切; 割; 砍

（2025·全国一卷·完形填空）“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut.”“我拍了这张花瓶的照片，然后在网上发了上去，收费10美元。有几条信息来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条要求降价。”

14.reveal【生义】(在此处用的被动语态)被展现; 被显露，强调在比赛过程中自然而然地展现出个性【熟义】揭露; 透露(常指主动地将不为人知的事情公开)

（2025·全国一卷·语法填空）“The players' personalities are revealed during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent.”

15.shape【生义】影响、决定…的发展(动词，抽象意义上的“塑造”)【熟义】形状(名词); 塑造、使成形(动词，侧重物理形态)

（2025·全国二卷·阅读A）Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries.

16.skirt【生义】沿…边缘走; 绕过(动词)【熟义】裙子(名词)

（2025·全国二卷·阅读A）Skirting the town square, you'll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum.

17.line【生义】沿……排列; 排成一行[熟义]线条; 线路

（2025·全国二卷·阅读A）Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square.

18.border【生义】v.毗邻, 环绕【熟义】n.边界（地区）, 边疆

（2025·全国二卷·阅读A）Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold.

19.ship【生义】vt.& vi.运送; vt.把…装上船注意过去式shipped【熟义】n.船,（舰船上的）全体船员

（2025·全国二卷·阅读A）The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway.

20. flood【生义】v. 大量涌来；大量涌去【熟义】n. 洪水；水灾v. 淹没

（2025·全国二卷·阅读C）But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone.

但结果却截然相反：她忙得不可开交，仅2020年6月就发出了1200份订单。

21. translate 【生义】v. （使）改变形式；转化【熟义】v. 翻译

（2025·全国二卷·阅读C）This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults.这种生产力同样适用于成年人的职场。

22. leave【生义】n. 假期；休假【熟义】v. 离开（某地）；辞去（工作、职务等）

（2025·全国二卷·阅读C）Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.我们的研究表明，在植物丰富的办公环境中工作的人，病假减少了30%。

23. practice【生义】v. （医生、律师等）执业，从业【熟义】v. 练习n. 练习

（2025·全国二卷·阅读C）Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant.

医生行医，律师执业，而你也应该给自己时间去练习如何养护植物。

24.tailor【生义】v. 专门制作（或改制）；定做【熟义】n. （定做男装的）裁缝v. 定做（衣服）

（2025·全国二卷·阅读D）Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.每道菜都是为提高人们对食物浪费的认识而量身定制的。

25.address【生义】v. 处理；关注【熟义】v. （在信件、包裹等上）写收信人姓名地址；致辞；演讲n. 住址；寄送地址

（2025·全国二卷·阅读D）Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything.

尽管如此，它提醒我们，解决可持续性问题的方法有很多，你几乎可以用任何东西做出美味佳肴。

26.determine【生义】v.准确算出【熟义】v.决定, 敲定，安排, 下决心

（2025·全国二卷·阅读D）A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. 食品浪费联盟的一项研究精确表明，每1000美元的收入，平均餐馆会产生33磅的食物浪费（收入），其中只有15.7%的垃圾被捐赠或回收。

27.review【生义】n.评论【熟义】n.回顾, 检阅

（2025·全国二卷·阅读D）Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; 尽管《Waste ED》获得了热烈的评价，但它从一开始就被设计成一个短暂的实验；

28.maintain【生义】v. 维持；保持【熟义】v. 维护；养护；保养；坚持；断言；主张

（2025·全国二卷·阅读7选5）Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age.

华盛顿大学发现，55岁及以上从事志愿工作的成年人比同龄人记忆力更好，整体健康状况维持得更久。

28.work out【生义】锻炼【熟义】计算出；解决

（2025·全国二卷·完形填空）Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle, before discovering apassion for weightlifting.多诺霍女士开始锻炼和遵循健康的生活方式，然后才发现自己对举重运动的热情。

29.raise【生义】v. 抚养【熟义】v.提升，举起, 站立, 增加，提高, 筹集

（2025·全国二卷·语法填空）I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. 我出生并成长在美国俄亥俄州的克利夫兰。

30.spare 【生义】v. 使免遭；使免受；免除【熟义】v. 抽出，拿出（时间、金钱等）adj. 备用的；额外的；空闲的；空余的

（2025·全国二卷·读后续写）This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain.这种方法让我避免了过度解释的尴尬。

31.physical【生义】physical adj.物质的【熟义】adj.身体的, 物理学的, n.体格检查

（2025·1月浙江·阅读A）No renewals (续借) are allowed for physical items borrowed through ILL.通过ILL借阅的实体物品不得续借。

32.consume【生义】v. 吃喝【熟义】v.消耗, 消费

（2025·1月浙江·阅读B）....... the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots.孩子自己决定他们想要吃什么和吃多少——即使这意味着偶尔吃更多的饼干而不是胡萝卜。

33.discourage【生义】v.阻拦, 拟制【熟义】v. 使灰心

（2025·1月浙江·阅读C）........ forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds.

形成一个节约用水和抑制杂草的协作生态系统。

34. planet【生义】n.地球【熟义】n.行星

（2025·1月浙江·阅读C）The benefits are substantial for both gardener and planet.这对园丁和地球都有很大的好处。

35.plot【生义】n.一块土地【熟义】n.阴谋, 情节; v.图谋, 计划, 设计情节

（2025·1月浙江·阅读D）Compared to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly.Compared to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly.与传统菜园相比，它们增加了碳吸收，减少了雨水径流，并显著促进了栖息地和生物多样性。

36.map 【生义】n.地图【熟义】vt.[遗传学]比对，遗传

（2025·1月浙江·阅读D）These qualities, in turn, are mapped onto products that have been assigned a gender.

37.tailor【生义】v.调整【熟义】 n.裁缝

（2025·1月浙江·阅读7选5）Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. 当你根据他们的兴趣调整你的沟通方式时，你的听众自然会更感兴趣和投入。

38. develop【生义】v.培养【熟义】 v.成长，发展, 出现, 开发

（2025·1月浙江·阅读7选5）Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills.让他们主导讨论和会议，以培养沟通能力。

39.pair【生义】v.使配对【熟义】n.一双, 一对（两个…）

course【生义】n.一道菜【熟义】n.课程，讲座, 进程

（2025·1月浙江·完形填空）Other times she pairs dinner courses with her favorite beers.其他时候，她会用自己喜欢的啤酒搭配晚餐。

40.head【生义】v.朝着【熟义】n.头,顶部, 校长, 领导人