【初中必考】中考英语高频考点:cost/take/spend/pay 彻底辨析+真题演练

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【初中必考】中考英语高频考点:cost/take/spend/pay 彻底辨析+真题演练
👋大家好,我是凯西~专注小学初中英语干货分享。

在中考英语的单项选择、完形填空、句子改写中,“花费” 是每年几乎都会考到的知识点,而  cost 、 take 、 spend 、 pay  这四个词更是很多同学的“易混重灾区”。今天就带大家彻底搞懂它们的用法,再也不丢分!

一、核心用法辨析

① cost

- 主语:只能是物品/事物(不能是人)

- 含义:侧重“(物品)花费金钱”,也可用于花费精力

- 结构: sth. + cost(s) + sb. + some money 

- 例句:The new smartphone cost him 5000 yuan.

(这部新手机花了他5000元)

- 注意: cost  的过去式、过去分词都是  cost ,一般不用于花费时间。

② spend

- 主语:只能是人

- 含义:可以表示“花费时间”或“花费金钱”

- 结构:-  sb. + spend(s)/spent + some money (in) doing sth. / on sth. 

-  sb. + spend(s)/spent + some time on sth. / (in) doing sth. 

- 例句:- I spent 2 hours (in) reading this novel.

(我花了2小时读这本小说)

- She spent 300 yuan on this coat.

(她买这件外套花了300元)

- 注意: (in)  可以省略, in  后面必须跟动名词(doing形式)。

③ take

- 主语:通常用 it 作形式主语(真正的主语是后面的  to do )

- 含义:侧重“(做某事)花费时间”

- 结构: It takes/took + sb. + some time + to do sth. 

- 例句:It took me 3 hours to finish my homework yesterday.

(昨天我花了3小时完成作业)

- 注意: take  的过去式是  took ,过去分词是  taken 。

④ pay

- 主语:只能是人

- 含义:侧重“(人为某物)支付金钱”

- 结构: sb. + pay(s)/paid + some money + for sth. 

- 例句:I paid 20 yuan for this book.

(我为这本书付了20元)

- 注意: pay  的过去式、过去分词都是  paid ,常和介词  for  搭配使用。

二、用法对比表+速记口诀

📌 用法对比表

【初中必考】中考英语高频考点:cost/take/spend/pay 彻底辨析+真题演练 第1张

📌 速记口诀

cost物花钱,spend人花时/钱,

take it花时间,pay人付钱for连。

三、中考真题专项练习

✅ 单项选择

1. (2023·天津) —How much does the bag ______?

—Fifty yuan.

A. spend  B. take  C. pay  D. cost

2. (2022·重庆A卷) It ______ me about 10 minutes to walk to school every day.

A. spends  B. takes  C. costs  D. pays

3. (2021·江苏苏州) My brother ______ two hours playing basketball every weekend.

A. spends  B. takes  C. costs  D. pays

4. (2020·山东青岛) I ______ 100 yuan for the new T-shirt yesterday.

A. spent  B. took  C. cost  D. paid

5. (2019·广东) The movie ______ us about two hours to watch yesterday.

A. spent  B. paid  C. took  D. cost

✅ 用cost/take/spend/pay的适当形式填空

1. (2023·四川成都) This beautiful dress ______ my mother 300 yuan last month.

2. (2022·湖北武汉) My father often ______ his spare time reading newspapers.

3. (2021·浙江杭州) It will ______ you 2 hours to get to the airport by bus.

4. (2020·江西) I ______ 50 yuan for the meal in the restaurant yesterday.

四、参考答案

✅ 单项选择

1. D(主语是物品 the bag ,用cost)

2. B(it作形式主语,用takes)

3. A(主语是人,且后面是 playing basketball ,用spends)

4. D(主语是人,且后面有 for ,用paid)

5. C(it作形式主语,用took)

✅ 适当形式填空

1. cost(主语是物品,过去式还是cost)

2. spends(主语是人, spend time doing sth. ,一般现在时用spends)

3. take(it作形式主语, will 后用动词原形take)

4. paid(主语是人, pay...for... ,过去式用paid)

💡 温馨提示:

做这类题的第一步,就是先看主语:主语是物优先考虑 cost ,主语是人优先看 spend / pay ,主语是it优先用 take ,再结合结构和时态判断,就能轻松做对!

💡 觉得有用,欢迎收藏 + 转发给需要的同学~关注我,每天轻松搞定一个英语重难点!

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