一文掌握:中考英语说明文写作攻略
下面为大家整理和归纳了有关中考英语说明文的一些写作技巧,以便帮助大家更好学习。
一、中考说明文考什么?
◎常考主题:
1.介绍物品:笔、书包、手机、图书馆、公园
2.介绍场所:学校、家乡、社区、博物馆
3.介绍方法:如何学习英语、如何保持健康、如何安全上网
4.介绍规则:校规、交通规则、图书馆规则
5.介绍习俗 / 节日:春节、端午节、中秋节
6.介绍图表 / 图片:描述现象、数据、变化
二、说明文写作的原则(必记)
1.条理清晰:用顺序词连接,让阅卷老师一眼看懂
2.要点齐全:按题目要求逐条写,不漏点
3.时态统一:多用一般现在时
4.语言客观:少用感叹、情绪,多用陈述句式
5.结构固定:开头总起 --- 中间分点 --- 结尾总结
三、三段式结构
第一段:总起句(1~2 句)
(1)点明要说明的对象 / 主题
(2)简单概括其特点、用途或重要性
第二段:分点说明(3~5 句)
(1)按顺序介绍:外观、用途、方法、规则、步骤
(2)必须使用连接词,让逻辑清晰
第三段:总结句(1~2 句)
(1)总结意义、价值、好处
(2)或给出简单建议
四、说明文必备连接词(关键)
1.表顺序(介绍步骤、方法)
First, Second, Third, Finally,First of all, Then, Next, At last
2.表并列(介绍特点、功能)
And, also, too, as well as
3.表递进(补充更多信息)
Besides, What’s more, In addition
4.表总结
In short, In a word, Generally speaking
五、说明文句型(可直接套用)
1.开头总起句型
I’d like to introduce … to you.
Here is some information about …
… is very useful / important in our life.
… plays an important role in our daily life.
2.介绍外观 / 特点
It is … (color / size / shape)
It looks very …
It is made of …
It has a history of …
3.介绍用途 / 功能
It can help us …
With its help, we can …
4.介绍方法 / 步骤
Here are some ways to …
First, you should …
Second, it’s a good idea to …
Third, remember to …
5.介绍规则 / 要求
We must …
We should …
Don’t forget to …
It’s important to …
6.结尾总结句型
In short, … is very helpful.
All in all, it’s necessary for us to …
I hope you can learn more about …
六、中考说明文常考类型 + 模板
◎类型 1:介绍物品 / 事物
模板:I’d like to introduce … to you.It is … (颜色 / 大小 / 材质). It is very useful.First, it can …. Second, it helps us …. What’s more, ….In short, … is important in our life.
◎类型 2:介绍场所(学校、家乡、公园)
模板:Welcome to …. It is a beautiful place.There are many … in it. We can … here.We can also …. It is a good place to ….I’m sure you will have a good time here.
◎类型 3:介绍方法 / 建议(学习、健康、安全)
模板:Here are some suggestions about ….First, you should …. Second, it’s important to ….What’s more, you can ….If you follow these, you will ….
◎类型 4:介绍规则 / 礼仪
模板:There are some rules in ….First, we must …. Second, we shouldn’t ….It’s good for us to follow them.In a word, rules are very important.
七、说明文高分词汇
1.good --- useful / helpful / important
2.many --- a lot of / plenty of
3.think --- believe / suppose
4.very --- quite / really
5.need --- should / are supposed to
6.learn --- know / understand
7.make … easy --- help … easily
8.show --- introduce
八、说明文容易丢分的地方(一定要避开)
1.时态乱用说明文几乎全用一般现在时,不要乱加过去时。
2.没有顺序词不用 First / Second / Finally,文章像流水账。
3.主观情绪太多说明文要客观,少写 I feel / I think 太多。
4.要点遗漏题目给几点就写几点,漏点直接扣分。