什么时候用？

• 明确发生在过去

• 动作已经结束，与现在无关

结构

• 主语 + 动词过去式

• I went to school yesterday.

关键词

yesterday, last night, two days ago, in 2020

易错点

❌ I go there yesterday.
✅ I went there yesterday.

常见两种表达

1️⃣ will + 动词原形

• 临时决定、主观想法
  2️⃣ be going to + 动词原形

• 计划好的事、有迹象的事

例句

• I will help you.

• I am going to visit my grandma this weekend.

关键词

tomorrow, next week, in the future

什么时候用？

• 说话这一刻正在做

• 当前一段时间正在进行

结构

• am / is / are + doing

• She is reading now.

关键词

now, at the moment, look!, listen!

易错点

❌ She reading now.
✅ She is reading now.

什么时候用？

• 过去某一具体时间点正在发生

• 常和 when / while 连用

结构

• was / were + doing

例句

• I was watching TV at 8 last night.

• While I was cooking, he was sleeping.

这是初中最难、也是最常考的一个。

核心理解

• 动作发生在过去

• 结果、经验或影响还在现在

结构

• have / has + 过去分词

三大用法

1️⃣ 经验

• I have been to Beijing.
  2️⃣ 结果

• I have finished my homework.
  3️⃣ 持续到现在

• I have lived here for five years.

关键词

already, yet, ever, never, since, for

易错对比

❌ I went to Beijing.（强调时间）
✅ I have been to Beijing.（强调经历）

选择或填空

1. She usually ___ (get) up at six.

2. I ___ (see) him yesterday.

3. Look! The boy ___ (run) in the playground.

4. We ___ (have) an English test next week.

5. My father ___ (work) here since 2015.

6. Tom ___ (watch) TV when I called him.

7. They ___ already ___ (finish) the work.

8. I ___ never ___ (eat) sushi before.

9. She ___ (do) her homework now.

10. We ___ (visit) the museum last Sunday.

11. He ___ (be) a teacher for ten years.

12. Listen! Someone ___ (sing).

13. I ___ (help) you with your homework tomorrow.

14. While I ___ (walk) home, it began to rain.

15. Lucy ___ (not go) to school yesterday.

16. How long ___ you ___ (live) here?

17. The train ___ just ___ (arrive).

18. He ___ (read) the book every night.

19. They ___ (play) football at 5 p.m. yesterday.

20. We ___ already ___ (clean) the classroom.

• gets

• saw

• is running

• will have / are going to have

• has worked

• was watching

• have finished

• have eaten

• is doing

• visited

• has been

• is singing

• will help

• was walking

• didn’t go

• have, lived

• has arrived

• reads

• were playing

• have cleaned