背单词时,一定要连同经典例句、常见搭配一起记忆。
多读课文和真题阅读材料,在真实语境中复现词汇。
中考词汇四大核心考查方向
1. 音形义匹配(基础题)
考点:单词的发音、拼写和基本含义。
常见题型:单项选择、根据音标或首字母写单词。
真题举例:
— What’s your favorite ______ /si:zn/?— Autumn. It’s neither too hot nor too cold. (根据音标写单词)答案:season
2. 词性转换与派生(高频难点)
考点:通过添加前缀、后缀改变词性/词义(名、动、形、副之间的转换)。
常见题型:用所给单词的适当形式填空。
必须掌握的经典变换:
v. → n.: invite → invitation, decide → decision, discuss → discussion
adj. → n.: different → difference, important → importance, ill → illness
n. → adj.: health → healthy, rain → rainy, wonder → wonderful
adj. → adv.: usual → usually, happy → happily, easy → easily
真题举例:
He made a sudden ______ (decide) to give up his job.答案:decision (动词decide变为名词decision)
3. 词语辨析(区分度关键)
考点:近义词、形近词、音近词在具体语境中的选择。
常见题型:单项选择、完形填空。
高频辨析组:
say / speak / tell / talk (搭配和用法不同)
look / see / watch / read (“看”的方式不同)
borrow / lend / keep (借入/借出/借多久)
take / spend / cost / pay (“花费”的主语不同)
good / well (adj. vs. adv.)
真题举例:
Could you please ______ me your dictionary? I need to look up a word.A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. return答案:B (lend 表示“借出”,borrow 表示“借入”)
4. 固定搭配与语境运用(综合能力)
考点:动词短语、介词搭配、习惯用语在完整句子或篇章中的应用。
常见题型:完形填空、单项选择、词汇运用。
必背核心搭配:
动词短语:look after, turn off, give up, find out, take care of
介词搭配:be good at, be proud of, depend on, laugh at
习惯表达:have a good time, make a mistake, by the way, in fact
真题举例(完形填空):
After failing many times, he didn’t ______. Finally, he succeeded.A. give up B. cheer up C. look up D. stay up答案:A (根据语境“失败多次但最终成功”,应选“放弃”的反面,即“没有放弃”)
扎实的词汇是通往高分的必备基石,加油!之后会根据课本单词表更新单词在中考中的核心考点和真题解析。有需要可以关注公众号。