2025 年 6 月四级第一套的仔细阅读，46 到 50 题讲熊猫。8 段英文，5 道题，我觉得值得单独拆一次的不是生词，是它把「栖息地越完整越好」这个默认前提掀了。47、49、50 三道题都挂在这个转折上，做错的人多半不是没读懂句子，是没舍得放弃常识。
下面先给英文原文，再给 5 道题和完整选项，接着逐题讲定位句。想自己先做一遍的，看到题目那节停一下。
英文原文
New research suggests that pandas may be at risk of dying out because they are too comfortable. Experts say too much happiness can stop the bears from searching for new mates.
Environmentalists have long believed that building roads or homes near the bears may threaten their survival by reducing or fragmenting their natural habitat, The Times reported. But the new research suggests that a "modest degree of discomfort and fragmentation" may actually help preserve panda populations.
The research was conducted by scientists from Michigan State University. It concluded that pandas fail to wander off in search of new mates if they find their habitat too comfortable, resulting in a lack of vital genetic diversity.
For their study—outlined in a paper in the journal Conservation Biology—the team looked at genetic diversity and spread among a Chinese panda population. The ideal level of perfectly livable habitat was found to be only 80% of an area, with the remainder either too harsh or too affected by human activity.
The experts concluded that pandas should ideally "be happy enough to thrive, but not so content that they don't want to move around and find new mates".
Their conclusions about what The Guardian described as this "sweet spot" are in line with the so-called Goldilocks principle: that there can be just the right amount of something. The concept has been applied to a wide range of disciplines, from developmental psychology to economics and engineering.
Claudio Sillero, a professor of conservation biology at Oxford University, told the newspaper that the new findings could have implications beyond panda conservation.
"Most large animals that eat meat live in increasingly fragmented landscapes," said Sillero, who was not involved in the research. "It may well be that the messy nature of their relationship with human efforts induce more animals to scatter or travel further, and might result in greater genetic connectivity and enhanced population persistence."
The most recent count of pandas found that there were more than 1,800 left in the wild, putting them on the list of vulnerable, but not endangered, species.
题目与选项
What do we learn from new research about pandas?
A) They are losing habitat due to the building of roads and houses. B) They have stopped seeking new mates for reproduction. C) They may not adapt to the fragmentation of their habitat. D) They may cease to exist as a result of enjoying too good a life.
What can we conclude from the new research by scientists at Michigan State University?
A) Environmentalists' long-time belief regarding panda conservation may be misleading. B) Housing development near pandas' homes may threaten their survival. C) Pandas' natural habitats are becoming less suitable for reproduction. D) The increased panda population is attributed to the fragmentation of their habitat.
What is the experts' conclusion regarding pandas?
A) It is urgent to provide an ideal habitat for them to thrive. B) It is very important to preserve their genetic diversity. C) Their chances of finding new mates have a lot to do with their habitat. D) Their environment for survival has been continuously worsening.
What can we infer from the passage about the Goldilocks principle?
A) It needs to be confirmed by more studies on pandas. B) It applies to the preservation of pandas too. C) It has implications for future panda research. D) It can be used to locate the right spot for pandas.
What can the new findings do according to Professor Sillero?
A) Help discover new ways for the conservation of pandas. B) Help remove pandas from the list of endangered species. C) Shed light on the conservation of most large meat-eating animals. D) Show the complexity of interactions between humans and animals.
逐题讲定位句
46 选 D。首段 New research suggests that pandas may be at risk of dying out because they are too comfortable，D 项把 at risk of dying out 换成 cease to exist，把 too comfortable 换成 enjoying too good a life，两处都是同义改写。A 项是第二段被推翻的旧看法；B 项把 may 说成 stopped，可能性被写成既成事实；C 项原文不但没说熊猫不适应破碎化，还说适度破碎反而有好处。
47 选 A。第二段前半句 Environmentalists have long believed...，一个 But 直接翻案：a "modest degree of discomfort and fragmentation" may actually help preserve panda populations。题目问从密歇根州立大学的研究能推出什么，答案就是「老看法可能有误导性」。B 项恰恰是被推翻的那句本身，属于最经典的陷阱。C、D 原文没有对应信息。四级很爱考这种「谁推翻谁」，看见了 But 先把前半句划掉。
48 选 C。第三段 pandas fail to wander off in search of new mates if they find their habitat too comfortable，栖息地舒服程度和找不找新配偶直接挂钩，C 项说的就是这件事。B 项的 genetic diversity 是结果，不是结论；A 项要提供理想栖息地，和第四段 only 80% of an area 反着来；D 项的 continuously worsening 原文没有时间线。
49 选 B。Goldilocks principle 在第六段，冒号后面给了解释：that there can be just the right amount of something，还说这个概念已经从发展心理学用到经济学和工程学。B 项说它同样适用于熊猫保护，是上下文推得出来的。D 项最容易误选，把 principle 当成「找地点的工具」，可原文的 sweet spot 是「刚刚好的程度」，不是地理坐标。A、C 都往「还需要更多研究」上靠，原文没这个语气。
50 选 C。Sillero 那句 Most large animals that eat meat live in increasingly fragmented landscapes，C 项换成 most large meat-eating animals，是四级最标准的同义改写。A 项把范围缩回熊猫，反而窄了。B 项说移出濒危名单，可末段写得很清楚：vulnerable, but not endangered，本来就不在濒危名单上。D 项的 complexity 属于自己加戏。
这篇真正该练的动作
5 个答案里，3 个靠同一个动作拿到：先找转折，再看范围词。把三组改写抄下来比背单词有用。
at risk of dying out → cease to exist too comfortable → enjoying too good a life Most large animals that eat meat → most large meat-eating animals
另外记住两个数字锚点：第四段的 80%，末段的 1,800 只。四级阅读里数字很少白给，通常就是定位坐标，题干出现数字或范围词时回头找它们最快。
下次碰到 But，先把前半句划掉再读题。这篇不考你认不认识 fragmentation，考你有没有跟着作者换立场。
试题原文版权归原出题机构。英文原文据 2025 年 6 月考后公开真题页（新东方、过级鸭、奇速英语）三处交叉核对；中文精讲、题目拆解为原创，未转载任何机构的解析文本。仅供学习交流。
