11. 【2021 新高考 I 卷 阅读】
【原句】The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000 in the quake which hit Sichuan Province in 2008.
【主干】The number of people reached more than 400,000.
【分层】who...injured 定从修饰 people；which...2008 定从修饰 quake。
【翻译】在2008 年袭击四川的那场地震中，遇难或重伤人数超过 40 万。
【考点】双定从并列修饰不同先行词。
12. 【2020 全国 I 卷 阅读 D】
【原句】Since lighting is often far removed from the power source — such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission.
【主干】a lot of energy is lost during transmission.
【分层】Since 原因状从；破折号间 such as...highway 举例插入。
【翻译】因为照明常远离电源（如从电厂到偏僻公路上的路灯的距离），传输过程中大量能源被损耗。
【考点】Since 状从 + 破折号插入举例。
13. 【2020 新高考 I 卷 阅读】
【原句】Admission $4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
【主干】Children are admitted free.
【分层】under 12 years 介词短语作后置定语；accompanied by an adult 过去分词作后置定语。
【翻译】门票4 美元。有成人陪伴的 12 岁以下儿童免费入场。
【考点】双重后置定语压缩修饰。
14. 【2019 全国 II 卷 阅读 B】
【原句】I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on.
【主干】I mention the single parent and I talk about the dad.
【分层】with four kids 介词短语；running the show 现在分词修饰 kids；coaching... 现在分词修饰 dad；that...on 定从修饰 team。
【翻译】我提到独自带四个孩子撑起全场的那位单亲家长，也聊到那位执教一支连自己孩子都没加入的球队的父亲。
【考点】with 复合结构 + 分词定语 + 定从。
15. 【2018 全国 I 卷 阅读】
【原句】The study found that the monkeys were willing to pay more to see the pictures of the offspring of high-ranking female macaques that had attracted their attention.
【主干】The study found that the monkeys were willing to pay more.
【分层】that 宾从；of the offspring... 介词短语；of high-ranking... 介词短语；that had attracted... 定从修饰 macaques。
【翻译】研究发现，猴子愿意花更多代价去看那些吸引了它们注意的高地位母猕猴后代的照片。
【考点】长宾从内嵌多层of 短语 + 定从。
16. 【2024 新课标 II 卷 阅读 D】
【原句】In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable.
【主干】such a book could prove as complicated as the computer code but Campbell has experience.
【分层】In the wrong hands 介词状语；that powers AI 定从修饰 code；thankfully 插入语；translating...understandable 现在分词修饰 experience。
【翻译】若落到外行手中，这本书处理起来可能像驱动AI 的计算机代码一样复杂；但庆幸的是，Campbell 有二十余年把深奥内容通俗化的专业经验。
【考点】as...as 比较 + 定从 + 分词定语。
17. 【2024 新课标 I 卷 七选五】
【原句】Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.
【主干】there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages.
【分层】but 并列；I can leaf through... 定从修饰 pages（省略 that）。
【翻译】当然，如今有大量在线词典和同义词词典，但我守旧到更喜欢能用手指翻阅的精装书和书页。
【考点】并列句+ 省略关系词定从。
18. 【2023 全国乙卷 阅读】
【原句】Built hundreds of years ago, the old town still keeps its natural beauty and traditional culture which attract thousands of visitors every year.
【主干】the old town still keeps its natural beauty and traditional culture.
【分层】Built...ago 过去分词作让步/背景状语；which...year 定从修饰 beauty and culture。
【翻译】这座数百年前建成的古镇仍保留着每年吸引成千上万游客的自然美景与传统文化。
【考点】done 放句首 + 定从。
19. 【2023 新高考 I 卷 阅读 C】
【原句】In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter, drawing on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.
【主干】I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter.
【分层】drawing on... 现在分词作方式状语；I ran in 2018 定从修饰 experiment（省略 that）；in which... 定从修饰 experiment。
【翻译】第一部分末章，我将引导你完成自己的数字断舍离，借鉴我2018 年做的一项实验——其中 1600 多人同意进行数字断舍离。
【考点】分词状语+ 双重定从（省略+介词前置）。
20. 【2022 全国甲卷 阅读】
【原句】The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found that the more parents elaborated on a toy's features or asked open-ended questions, the more engaged and responsive the children became.
【主干】The researchers analyzed video recordings and found that...
【分层】during...home 介词短语；that 宾从；the more...the more 比较结构；or 并列 elaborated / asked。
【翻译】研究者分析了53 对亲子居家日常活动的录像，发现家长越详细讲解玩具特点或提开放式问题，孩子参与和回应的意愿就越强。
【考点】并列谓语+ the more...the more 比较嵌套。
