
王老师工作室出品| 2024 译林新版 八上 U1-U4
期中考试倒计时,很多孩子最大的困惑是:单词明明都背了,课文也读了,为什么完形填空和任务型阅读还是错一片?
问题往往不出在"不认识单词",而出在两个地方:一是熟词僻义——课本里学过的词,考场上考的是另一个意思;二是词性转换——任务型阅读的表格题,考的从来不是原词。
这份清单按 2024 译林新版八上 U1-U4 整理,高频词和熟词僻义都来自南京名校期中真题,分背诵版和默写版,考前照着过一遍就够了。
完整版下载链接在全文最后
01完形高频词:人物品质与学校生活
U1 Friendship 和 U2 School life 是完形最爱考的两个主题,人物品质类形容词几乎每年都出现。以下搭配是高频考点:
•honest诚实的;正直的—— be honest with sb. 对某人诚实(反义 dishonest)
•generous慷慨的—— It is generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事真大方
•patient有耐心的—— be patient with sb.(反义 impatient)
•humorous幽默的—— have a good sense of humour
•cheerful快乐的—— cheer up 振作起来
•trustworthy值得信任的—— a trustworthy person
•tidy整洁的—— 反义 untidy
•popular受欢迎的—— be popular with/among sb.
•tasty美味的—— 同义词 delicious
•mixed混合的—— a mixed school 混合学校
•hero英雄—— 复数 heroes(不是 heros!)
记一句:完形里形容朋友,方向几乎都在"诚实、慷慨、耐心、幽默、善良、乐于助人"里选,先把这一组吃透。
02学习品质与 DIY 主题词(U3-U4)
2024 新版 U3 主题是"做一个好的学习者",U4 是动手实践,两个单元的词串在一起考,重点看词性和搭配:
•success n. 成功(不可数)—— achieve success;succeed v.,successful adj.,successfully adv.,一词四变必考
•talent天资—— have a talent for ...;talented adj. 有天赋的
•curious好奇的—— be curious about ...;curiosity n. 好奇心
•inventor发明家—— invent v. 发明;invention n. 发明(物)
•found建立—— found a club;注意与 find 的过去式 found 区分
•journey旅程—— the journey to success 成功之路
•drive内驱力—— have a strong drive to succeed
•instruction说明(常用复数)—— follow the instructions
•repair修理—— repair the bike = fix the bike
•decorate装饰—— decorate the room with balloons
•fill装满—— fill A with B;be filled with = be full of
•stick粘贴;坚持—— stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事
03任务型阅读的"送分题":词性转换六大规律
南京期中任务型阅读表格题,约八成考词性转换。背单词时把"一词多形"一起记,这一分就稳了。六条规律:
规律 1|形容词 → 名词(-ce / -ness / -th / -ity 后缀):important → importance;different → difference;happy → happiness;polite → politeness;true → truth;warm → warmth;long → length;possible → possibility
规律 2|动词 → 名词(-tion / -ment / -ance 后缀):succeed → success;invent → invention;predict → prediction;prepare → preparation;discuss → discussion;decide → decision;develop → development;agree → agreement
规律 3|名词 → 形容词(-ful / -less / -y / -ous / -al):care → careful(反义 careless);help → helpful;use → useful;sun → sunny;danger → dangerous;friend → friendly;America → American;nature → natural
规律 4|形容词 → 副词(-ly):quick → quickly;quiet → quietly;careful → carefully;polite → politely;successful → successfully;true → truly
规律 5|否定前缀 un- / im- / in- / dis-:tidy → untidy;possible → impossible;polite → impolite;active → inactive;appear → disappear;agree → disagree
规律 6|-ed / -ing 情感形容词:-ed 修饰人(I am interested),-ing 修饰物(The book is interesting)。excited / exciting;surprised / surprising;tired / tiring;relaxed / relaxing
04熟词僻义:课本里学过,考试考别的意思
这是南京名校完形最爱挖坑的地方。下面这些词,孩子"认识",但考的意思不是课本里的:
•work工作→ 奏效;起作用:This DIY plan won't work. 这个方案行不通。
•cover覆盖→ 走完(一段路);费用包含:We covered 10 km that day.
•cost花费→ 使付出(代价):Carelessness cost him the game.
•miss错过→ 想念;漏掉:You missed a mistake in your homework.
•raise筹集→ 举起;养育;提出:raise money for poor children
•support支持→ 赡养;支撑:He has a big family to support.
•run跑步→ 经营;运转;褪色:run a DIY club;The colour runs.
•paper纸(不可数)→ 报纸;试卷;论文(可数):a history paper
•stick粘→ 坚持:Stick to your dream.
•sound声音→ 听起来;合理的:Your idea sounds great.
•face脸→ 面对:face the difficulty
•return返回→ 归还;回报:in return 作为回报
05来测一测:8 道真题风格自测
从 A、B、C、D 中选出最佳答案,做完再看答案:
1.The trip ___ three days, all meals and hotels, so you only need to bring clothes. (A. covers B. costs C. spends D. pays)
2.He didn't give up. ___, he worked even harder than before. (A. Instead B. Because C. So D. But)
3.This kind of cloth ___ well. Don't wash it in hot water. (A. runs B. walks C. speaks D. writes)
4.The teacher ___ us to finish the DIY project by Friday. (A. hopes B. trusts C. makes D. lets)
5.We ___ 15 kilometers on the walk yesterday. (A. covered B. cost C. spent D. paid)
6.___ your dream, and you will make it one day. (A. Stick to B. Stick at C. Stick in D. Stick on)
7.You ___ an important word in the sentence. Please read it again. (A. caught B. missed C. lost D. dropped)
8.There is no ___ that he will succeed; he works so hard. (A. doubt B. wonder C. need D. way)
参考答案:
1. A2. A3. A4. B5. A6. A7. B8. A
错 3 题以上,把"熟词僻义专项"重新过一遍;错 5 题以上,U3/U4 词汇从头背。
06下载链接
初二英语期中-完形任务型阅读高频词与熟词僻义清单(2024译林新版U1-U4).pdf
07 考前最后一周,这样安排
推荐"背—默—测"三步:先背 Part A 背诵版,再做 Part B 默写版,错词抄 3 遍,第二天复测一次。任务型阅读的表格题,重点练六条词性转换规律;完形填空,重点盯熟词僻义。
单词不是背得越多越好,而是把考过的方向背准。这份清单覆盖的就是期中真题最常出现的范围,考前过一遍。