应用文写来写去还是句式陈旧不变，读后续写憋半天凑不出一段？问题往往不在词汇量，而是在于手里没有一套"按功能分类、拿来就能改"的句式。今天胡老师结合高中英语教学经验，给你梳理一份完全可以照搬、直接派上用场的“句式弹药库”。
一、应用文：按功能分层，先稳基础分
（一）开篇点题句
用于书信、通知、倡议书首段，一句话交代写作目的。
It is everyone's duty to protect the environment we live in.
保护我们赖以生存的环境，是每个人的责任。
Mastering a foreign language is of great significance to us today.
掌握一门外语，对今天的我们意义重大。
There is no doubt that consistent effort will eventually pay off.
毫无疑问，持续的努力终将带来回报。
As we all know, reading does good to the growth of our mind.
众所周知，阅读有益于思维的成长。
（二）表明立场句
用于主体段首句，表明态度，后面必须跟理由。
I firmly hold the view that small individual actions can add up to a force for change.
我坚信，个人的微小行动能够汇聚成改变的力量。
From my point of view, true friendship stands the test of time and distance.
在我看来，真正的友谊经得起时间和距离的考验。
It seems to me that the choice you made was a wise one.
我认为你当时的选择是明智的。
（三）层次推进句
用于主体段内部，让论述有顺序感，数量控制在三到四个。
First of all, we need to work out a practical plan. Secondly, we must carry it out strictly. Finally, we should review the result in time.
首先，我们要制定切实可行的计划；其次，严格执行；最后，及时复盘结果。
On the one hand, hard work matters a great deal. On the other hand, a proper balance between work and rest is equally necessary.
一方面，刻苦努力至关重要；另一方面，劳逸结合同样必要。
What's more, learning to share with others is an important lesson in growing up.
此外，学会与人分享是成长中的重要一课。
（四）建议与做法句
建议信、倡议书的主体句式，最好"一条建议+一句理由"。
We should make the most of every day instead of letting time slip away.
我们应当充分利用每一天，而不是让时间白白流走。
It is a good idea to keep a diary in English, which helps you think in the language.
坚持用英语写日记是个好办法，它能帮你用英语思考。
（五）结尾收束句
用于末段，呼应主题、发出号召。
In a word, we should always strive to become a better version of ourselves.
总之，我们应当始终努力成为更好的自己。
All in all, small actions can make a big difference.
归根结底，小小的行动也能带来不小的改变。
Let's take action from now on, for the future starts today.
让我们从当下开始行动，因为未来始于今天。
If everyone does his part, our world will become more and more beautiful.
只要每个人都尽一份力，我们的世界就会越来越好。
（六）书信专用句式
书信类应用文有固定交际框架，以下句式可直接迁移。
I'm glad to receive your letter asking about...
很高兴收到你询问……的来信。
Learning that you are interested in..., I'm writing to share some information with you.
得知你对……感兴趣，我写信与你分享一些信息。
It is a good chance for you to...
这对你来说是一个……的好机会。
It's highly recommended that you (should) give it a try.
强烈建议你尝试一下。
Only in this way can you make real progress.
唯有如此，你才能取得真正的进步。（倒装，加分句）
I would appreciate it if you could reply at your earliest convenience.
如果你能尽早回复，我将不胜感激。
Looking forward to your early reply. / Wish you all the best. / Your timely reply will be highly appreciated.
期待早日回复。/ 祝你一切顺利。/ 感谢你的及时回复。
（七）高级词汇替换
替换后务必保证搭配正确。
think → hold the view that（后接完整从句）
good → beneficial / helpful（多修饰事物）
important → vital / significant（significant偏"意义重大"）
many → a number of（后接可数名词复数）
happy → delighted（多用于人际场合）
二、读后续写：先搭框架，再填语言
动笔前先用"五定"原则定方向——定主题、定情节、定细节、定情感、定逻辑，再按段落位置调用句式。
（一）第一段：承接原文，推进情节
A wave of mixed feelings welled up in his heart as he stared at the worn coat.
看到那件旧外套，一股复杂的情绪涌上他的心头。
The dusk was falling and the wind stirred the shadows of the trees, while he clutched the bag and paused.
暮色渐沉，风吹动树影，他攥紧袋子，脚步顿了顿。
Upon realizing how late it was, he packed up quickly, dashed to the station and made up his mind not to delay any longer.
意识到时间不早了，他迅速收拾好东西，冲向车站，暗下决心不再拖延。
Just as he was about to explain, something unexpected happened—she turned and walked away, leaving him standing there alone.
正当他准备解释时，意外发生了——她转身离开，把他一个人留在原地。
With a firm determination not to give up, he decided to catch up and make things clear.
带着不肯放弃的念头，他决定追上去把话说清楚。
（二）第二段：解决矛盾，收束升华
Fortunately, he managed to catch the bus, breaking the deadlock.
好在，他最终赶上了那班车，僵局就此打破。
She said softly, "Thank you for still remembering," her voice trembling slightly. Hearing the words, he froze for a moment and then smiled.
她轻声说："谢谢你还记得。"声音微微发颤。听到这话，他愣了片刻，随即笑了。
He looked down at the bag and noticed the familiar stitching on its edge—the very mark his mother had left when she mended it.
他低头看袋子，注意到袋口那道熟悉的缝线——正是母亲当年补过的痕迹。
Having gone through all this, he felt a quiet sense of relief, realizing that some feelings never need to be put into words. Exhausted as he was, he knew the effort was worthwhile.
经历过这一切，他心里说不出的踏实，终于明白有些心意从不需要说出口。尽管疲惫，他清楚这份付出值得。
This experience taught him the true value of kindness. He finally understood that what truly moves people is often not something grand, but the little things.
这段经历让他懂得了善意的真正分量。他终于明白，真正打动人的，往往不是轰轰烈烈，而是那些不起眼的小事。
（三）主题升华句（善良类主题通用）
适合放在第二段末尾点题。
Sometimes, a small act of kindness may be powerful enough to make a huge difference.
有时候，一个小小的善举，其力量足以产生巨大的改变。
At times, a small gesture of care will possibly melt people's loneliness.
有时，一个细微的关怀举动或许能融化他人的孤独。
After all, everyone has bad days and good days. Some days you need a helping hand, and some days you can be the one giving it.
毕竟，每个人都有顺境和逆境。有些日子你需要别人伸出援手，有些日子你就是那个施助者。
Never had I anticipated that a random act of kindness would inject such great power into others and change their life.
我从未预料到，一次随手的善举竟能给他人注入如此大的力量，甚至改变他的生活。
No good deed ever goes wasted. Therefore, share your love from your heart today and fill your life with acts of kindness.
善意从不会白费。所以，从今天起，把心里的爱分享出去，让生活充满善举。
One simple act of kindness is a blessing for both the giver and the receiver.
一个简单的善举，对给予者和接受者都是一种祝福。
（四）场景描写句（增强画面感）
一段中用一到两句即可，宜精不宜多。
A surge of warmth welled up in my heart when I saw her bright smile.
望见她明亮的笑容，一股暖意从心底漫上来。
With tears glistening in his eyes, he mumbled something that was too low to be heard.
他眼里泛着泪光，含糊地说着什么，声音低得几乎听不见。
Without hesitation, we rolled up our sleeves and joined those in need of help.
我们毫不犹豫地挽起袖子，加入到需要帮助的人群中。
It was not until then that I noticed the faint scar on her right hand.
直到那一刻，我才留意到她右手上那道浅浅的疤痕。
Overwhelmed with joy, she threw herself into her mother's arms and held her tight.
她高兴得说不出话，一头扑进母亲怀里，紧紧抱住她。
As the sun sank below the horizon, we made our way home, chatting and laughing all the way.
太阳沉到地平线以下，我们一路说笑着往家走。
三、使用建议
第一，应用文先定文体和目的，再从对应功能类中挑两三句，其余用自己的话补足，避免通篇模板句。
第二，读后续写先用"五定"原则写出情节提纲，再逐句匹配句式；写完逐句检查是否推动情节或刻画情感，删掉纯凑字数的句子。
第三，高级替换词要在平时写作中反复使用直至成习惯，考场上临时替换容易搭配出错。
句式只有被准确调用才有价值。按功能对应场景反复练，写作分数的提升是可以预期的。
