文章来源:《思想的力量》|主题:个人思想、环境与自我认知
篇章特点:大量插入语、破折号分隔结构;抽象心理类词汇;长插入语极易干扰断句
(46) Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share—that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts—and reveal its erroneous nature.
句子拆分:
主干to take…and reveal…;
定语从句we all share;
破折号之间同位语解释assumption
✅【阅卷采分点(满分2分)】
1. take an assumption we all share(0.5)
2. 破折号内部从句逻辑通顺(0.5)
3. reveal 揭示(0.25)
4. erroneous nature 谬误之处(0.25)
核心词汇
assumption n.假设;
erroneous adj.错误的;
robot n.机器人
❌典型易错点
看不出 take… and reveal… 并列结构,断句崩盘;
直接生硬保留英文破折号句式,中文读起来生硬;
erroneous简单翻译成“坏的、不对的”,用词不精准丢采分。
参考译文:艾伦的贡献在于,他抓住我们所有人公认的一个假设——我们并非机器人,因此能够掌控自身思想——并揭示了这一假设存在的谬误。
(47) While we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that?”
句子拆分:
✅【阅卷采分点(2分)】
1. while译为“尽管”(不可翻成“当…时”,0.5分)
2. sustain the illusion(0.5)
3. conscious mind 显意识(0.5)
4. be faced with 面临(0.5)
核心词汇
sustain v.维持;
illusion n.错觉;
conscious mind 显意识
❌典型易错点
while误译为“当”(状语逻辑错误直接扣分);
illusion翻译为“幻想”,语境不如“错觉”贴切;
through the conscious mind alone语序混乱。
参考译文:尽管仅凭显意识,我们或许就能维持这种能够掌控一切的错觉,但实际上我们总会面临一个问题:“为什么我无法督促自己完成这件事、实现那个目标?”
(48)This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.
句子拆分:
✅【阅卷采分点(2分)】
1. justification 借口、正当理由(0.5)
2. rationalization 合理化(0.5)
3. exploitation 剥削(0.25)
4. superiority / inferiority 优越、卑微(0.25)
核心词汇
justification n.正当借口;❌典型易错点【全年最高频失分坑】
看不懂多重of并列结构;
exploitation只记得“开发利用”,忘记社会语境“剥削”;
句子过长全部前置堆砌,中文严重不通顺。
参考译文:这似乎为忽视贫困弱势群体找到了借口,同时也让剥削行为、上层人群的优越地位以及底层民众的弱势处境变得合理化。
(49) Circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us, and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation.
句子拆分:
并列分句;if条件状语从句✅【阅卷采分点(2分)】
1. bring out the best in us(固定搭配,0.5)
2. wrong v. 受到不公对待、被冤枉(熟词僻义,0.5)
3. be unlikely to(0.5)
4. escape from our situation(0.5)
核心词汇
bring out the best in sb.激发某人潜能;❌典型易错点
bring out the best直译“带出最好的自己”;
wrong只当作形容词“错误的”,识别不出动词用法;
escape from our situation生硬直译“逃离处境”。
参考译文:环境仿佛旨在激发我们内在的最大潜能;倘若我们感到自身遭受不公对待,就很难主动有意识地努力摆脱当下的困境。
(50) The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.
句子拆分:
✅【阅卷采分点(2分)】
1. upside 积极一面、有利之处(0.5)
2. be up to sb.由某人决定(0.5)
3. array of limitations 种种局限(0.5)
4. where引导对比逻辑,译为“从前”(0.5)
核心词汇
upside n.积极面;
array n.一系列;
limitation n.局限;
authority n.行家,掌握者
❌典型易错点
upside误译为“上面、上端”;
where当成地点状语从句翻译;
无法处理分号前后对比逻辑,译文割裂。
参考译文:其积极意义在于,明白万事取决于自身之后便拥有无限可能性;从前我们只擅长应对种种局限,如今我们能够掌控一切潜在机遇。
2011年翻译考点总结
1. 核心语法考点
破折号分隔同位语、where引导对比状语从句、多重后置of定语、过去分词作后置定语;
2. 词汇难点
动词熟词僻义:wrong v.冤枉;
大量抽象社科名词:justification/rationalization;
3. 高频失分问题
分不清while / where引导的逻辑状语;长插入语干扰断句;多重定语不会拆分重组语序;
4. 备考启示
社科人文类翻译偏爱抽象名词,学会名词转动词;重点区分引导状语从句where的多种含义(不止表地点)。
注:仅供参考学习。