英语试界瓜坊 · 高考每日一练
今天的原创练习主题是 「推迟到校时间」与青少年睡眠——近年英美教育新闻与科学研究中的热点话题。第一部分为 1 篇高考难度阅读理解（4 题），第二部分为七选五（36–40，两项多余）。建议限时 30 分钟，先做题，再看文末答案与中文解析。
阅读理解 · 第 1–4 题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Later School Start Times: Let Teenagers Sleep
Across the world, millions of teenagers set their alarm clocks before 6:30 a.m. and drag themselves out of bed in the dark. It is not laziness that makes mornings so painful. During adolescence, the human body clock naturally shifts later: the hormone that makes us sleepy, melatonin, is often not released until around 11 p.m. Doctors recommend that teenagers sleep eight to ten hours a night, yet most students get fewer than seven, because school simply starts too early for their biology.
Some governments have decided to act. In 2022, California became the first American state to pass a law requiring public high schools to start no earlier than 8:30 a.m. Researchers who studied the change reported encouraging results. On average, students slept about half an hour more each night. Attendance improved, and several schools recorded higher grades in their first-period classes. In some districts, the number of teenage car accidents on the morning commute even fell.
The change, however, is not simple. School buses must be re-routed, and after-school sports and clubs now run later into the evening. Some parents' working hours do not match the new timetable. And a few students simply stay up later than before, filling the extra evening hours with games and videos. Supporters admit all this, but argue that the law removes an unfair barrier: school itself should not be fighting against teenage biology.
Sleep scientists want people to understand that the extra sleep is not just about feeling less tired. During deep sleep, the brain reviews and stores what was learned during the day, and it also processes emotions. "A well-rested teenager is not only a better learner but usually a calmer and kinder one," one researcher said. "We spend a fortune on teaching methods. Sometimes the cheapest improvement is letting students open their eyes naturally."
1. What do we learn about teenagers from Paragraph 1?
A. They need less sleep than younger children.B. Their bodies make them sleepy later at night.C. They often refuse to follow their parents' schedules.D. They spend too much time on screens before bed.
2. What happened after California's law took effect?
A. All students began arriving at school on time.B. Some schools cancelled their first-period classes.C. High schools were allowed to start before 8:30 a.m.D. Students slept longer and attendance improved.
3. Why does the writer mention students who simply stay up later anyway?
A. To show that later start times are not a complete solution.B. To blame parents for poor family schedules.C. To suggest that the new law should be cancelled.D. To compare city schools with country schools.
4. According to sleep scientists in the last paragraph, enough sleep helps teenagers ______.
A. wake up without alarm clocksB. learn and manage emotions betterC. spend less time on homeworkD. give up electronic devices completely
七选五 · 第 36–40 题
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Training Your Body Clock for the School Year
Unlike homework, a body clock cannot be crammed the night before school starts. If yours has drifted late over the holidays, you can move it back — but do it gently. 36 A sudden change of two or three hours rarely works and usually leaves you exhausted.
Start with morning light. Bright light soon after waking is the strongest signal your body clock receives. 37 On grey mornings, even twenty minutes near a window while you eat breakfast makes a real difference.
Be equally careful with evening light. Screens tell your brain that it is still daytime and delay the release of melatonin. 38 Dim lamps and paper books are much kinder choices in the last hour before bed.
Then protect your wake-up time. Choose one time and stick to it every day. 39 Sleeping in for two extra hours on Saturday feels wonderful, but it creates what researchers call "social jet lag", and Monday morning feels like a trip to another time zone.
Finally, use naps wisely. A short afternoon nap can restore your attention without stealing sleep from the night. 40 Train your clock patiently for a couple of weeks, and the first alarm of the school year will stop feeling like an enemy.
A. A shift of about ten minutes every couple of days is a much safer plan.
B. Try to get outside within an hour of waking up, even for a short walk.
C. In the hour before bed, switch your devices to night mode — or better, put them away.
D. That includes weekends, when many students lose the progress they have made.
E. Keep it under twenty minutes and finish it well before the evening.
F. Regular exercise is another powerful clock-setter, but hard workouts right before bed can keep you awake.
G. Some people claim they can perform well on five hours of sleep, but research says otherwise.
答案与解析
阅读理解：1–4 BDAB
1. B。首段指出青春期「the body clock naturally shifts later」，使人困倦的褪黑素常常到晚上 11 点左右才分泌，即生理原因导致青少年夜里更晚才困，对应 B 项。
2. D。细节题。第二段「students slept about half an hour more each night. Attendance improved」，睡眠变多、出勤改善，对应 D 项；A「all students」过于绝对，B、C 与原文不符。
3. A。第三段列举了改法的现实困难，并说支持者「admit all this」，提到部分学生照样熬夜，意在承认推迟到校并非万能解法，对应 A 项。
4. B。末段「the brain reviews and stores what was learned … and it also processes emotions」，睡眠帮助大脑存储所学知识并处理情绪，对应 B 项「learn and manage emotions better」；A、C、D 均无依据。
七选五：36–40 ABCDE
36. A。空前说可以「gently」把生物钟调回来，空后说「突然改两三个小时行不通」，A 项「每两三天提前十分钟更稳妥」承接「gently」并解释原因，衔接自然。
37. B。本段主题是晨间光照，空前说「睡醒后不久的明亮光线是最强信号」，B 项「醒来一小时内尽量到户外走走」给出具体做法，与后句「阴天的早晨坐在窗边也有效」逻辑一致。
38. C。本段讲晚间光线，空前说屏幕让大脑以为还是白天、延迟褪黑素分泌，C 项「睡前一小时把设备调成夜间模式——最好收起来」是对策，与后句「调暗台灯、读纸质书」并列。
39. D。空前说「选定一个起床时间并每天坚持」，空后讲周末多睡两小时会造成「社交时差」，D 项「包括周末——很多学生正是在周末丢掉进度」承上启下。
40. E。空前说短午睡能恢复注意力、又不偷走夜间睡眠，E 项「控制在二十分钟以内，傍晚前结束」解释如何做到「短」「不扰夜」，为全文收束。F、G 为多余项。
觉得有用点个【在看】，明天继续更～想看哪类题型，留言告诉我。
