目录
一、新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空命题特点（山东）二、完形填空满分解题步骤（考场标准流程）三、7大核心解题技巧（高考高频考点）四、完形高频易错点+避坑指南五、近三年新高考Ⅰ卷完形真题（2023、2024、2025）六、真题参考答案+逐题解析
一、新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空命题特点（山东）
体裁：记叙文为主，偶尔夹叙夹议；故事正能量，传递善良、坚持、成长、感恩等价值观。 空数：15个空，每题2分，共30分。 考点分布：动词（最多）、名词、形容词、副词、逻辑连词、固定搭配、熟词生义、词义辨析。 命题原则：答案一定在原文有线索，不靠单纯翻译和语感，优先上下文逻辑。 难点：熟词生义、近义词辨析、长难句、情感态度词、隐藏复现。
二、完形填空满分解题步骤（考场标准流程，限时12分钟）
口诀：一读抓主旨，二读填易空，三读破难题，通读再验证
第一步：跳读全文（1.5分钟）只读首句、尾句，跳过所有空格，快速抓住人物、事件、故事情感基调。首句一般不挖空，是全文主线。不要边读边做题。 第二步：逐句做题（7分钟）瞻前顾后，先做线索明显的简单题；遇到没有把握的空，标记跳过，不要死磕。优先找上下文线索，不要凭中文感觉。 第三步：回头攻克难题（2分钟）利用已经填好的空获取更多上下文信息，重新分析纠结选项。 第四步：通读校验（1.5分钟）把全部答案代入原文通读，检查逻辑连贯、情感一致，修正矛盾选项。
三、7大核心解题技巧（高考高频考点）
技巧1：词汇复现法（最高频！送分题首选）
定义：原文前后出现原词、同义词、反义词、同根词，作为答案线索。分为四类：
原词复现：同一个单词前后重复出现； 同义复现：happy ↔ delighted；help ↔ assist； 反义复现：前面说difficult，后面提示easy； 指代复现：it/they/this/that，指代前文名词。 做题要点：答案大概率在前后3句话之内，做题时圈出关键词。
技巧2：逻辑关系解题法（必掌握）
完形逻辑共6类，看到逻辑词立刻判断前后关系：
并列：and, also, as well as（前后语义同向） 转折：but, however, yet, while（前后相反，强考点） 因果：so, therefore, because, since 递进：besides, moreover, even 让步：although, though（虽然…但是） 条件：if, unless
核心：转折词前后情感、语义一定相反，是高频命题点。
技巧3：词义辨析法（难点，动词/名词/形容词为主）
新高考最爱考近义词细微差别，不能只看中文翻译。判断维度：①动词及物/不及物；②动作的情感色彩；③动作发生场景；④搭配习惯。
例：accept（主观接受） vs receive（客观收到）；spend（人作主语） vs cost（物作主语）
技巧4：固定搭配与短语优先
固定短语、介词搭配是送分点，不需要复杂推理，直接记忆。如：take notice of, make use of, keep an eye on, give up, turn to。
技巧5：情感态度一致原则
整篇文章人物情感基调统一（开心、感动、失落、鼓励）。如果前文是positive正向，一般不会突然出现负面词；反过来同理。
遇到没有明显线索的空，优先匹配全文情感。
技巧6：语法分析解题
少量题目考查从句引导词、非谓语、主谓一致。长难句先拆分主句，找到主干，再看修饰成分。
技巧7：常识背景辅助（慎用，只做辅助）
结合生活常识判断，但不能脱离原文，原文信息优先级 > 常识。
四、完形高频易错点+避坑指南
❌误区：逐字翻译，靠中文语感选答案。✅正解：找原文线索，逻辑优先。 ❌误区：纠结近义词中文意思，忽略使用场景。✅正解：区分动作、主语、搭配。 ❌误区：第一遍死磕难题，浪费大量时间。✅正解：先易后难，标记跳过。 ❌误区：熟词只记基础含义，忽略熟词生义（高考重点）。> 高频熟词生义：course 跑道；run 经营；cover 行走；deliver 发表；course 课程/赛道。 ❌误区：做完不回读，忽略前后矛盾。✅正解：全部填完通读一遍。
五、近三年新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空真题（学生版，山东适用）
2023 新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention.
Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 53 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day.
A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. choice A. judge B. volunteer C. friend D. stranger A. race B. speech C. training D. recovery A. hesitated B. decided C. pretended D. forgot A. care B. pleasure C. support D. effort A. offered B. agreed C. needed D. happened A. medical B. public C. constant D. instant A. protected B. examined C. monitored D. described A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand A. trip B. meeting C. event D. interview A. mystery B. power C. beauty D. voice
2024 新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I was inspired to start running after watching a friend win a marathon. I 41 to train regularly. The girl was training for a double marathon, and I wanted to 42 my own longest distance. I managed 15 miles, but soon I 43 running. My 44 looked small compared with hers. The only 45 I would ever run again, I thought, was if a big dog were chasing me.
Then I 46 to cycling. I loved it. I signed up for a bike tour. On the day of the ride, I met a man named Paul. He was 72 and had been 47 with Parkinson’s disease for years. His hands shook, but he never 48 . He told me his goal was to finish the tour, not to 49 anyone.
During the ride, Paul fell behind. I slowed down to ride 50 him. We talked. He told me Parkinson’s had taken many things from him, but not his 51 to keep moving. When we reached the top of the hill, Paul smiled and said, “See? I made it.”
That day, Paul changed my 52 of effort. I realized that the 53 is not beating others. It is to keep going, no matter how 54 the progress is. I started running again. Not to compete, but for the simple 55 of moving my body.
A. happened B. chose C. won D. stopped A. measure B. keep C. reach D. shorten A. hated B. suggested C. practiced D. enjoyed A. promise B. achievement C. memory D. challenge A. idea B. task C. plan D. reason A. turned B. stuck C. got D. came A. connected B. filled C. diagnosed D. burdened A. gave up B. showed off C. looked back D. stepped forward A. help B. beat C. know D. attract A. ahead of B. next to C. far from D. ahead of A. ability B. courage C. right D. chance A. view B. habit C. method D. rule A. secret B. story C. goal D. prize A. quick B. hard C. direct D. slow A. task B. pleasure C. duty D. honour
2025 新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 42 we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 43 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 44 with things that, while not particularly 45 , didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 46 , another asking for a price cut. As our 47 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The 48 : “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. 49 , I posted more. My daily posts and the 50 I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house.
Each exchange provided a chance to 51 the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 52 . I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53 that share our small space. I take 54 in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is enjoying an item that once was 55 in our old home.
A. giving up B. packing up C. cleaning up D. fixing up A. apartment B. store C. garden D. office A. hide B. sell C. store D. decorate A. equipped B. filled C. covered D. burdened A. heavy B. old C. valuable D. fragile A. information B. money C. time D. help A. shopping B. moving C. working D. visiting A. comment B. rule C. warning D. promise A. However B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Meanwhile A. complaints B. gifts C. responses D. rewards A. protect B. avoid C. discover D. check A. trusted B. remembered C. met D. recognized A. items B. photos C. stories D. friends A. pride B. comfort C. charge D. notice A. lost B. broken C. ignored D. stored
六、真题参考答案+逐题解析
✅2023新高考Ⅰ卷答案：41-45 DADAB 46-50 CAABB 51-55 CDACB
41.D finished 完成赛道。Bailey本可以更早完成比赛。42.A delay 延误。她之所以迟到，是因为带着陌生人冲过终点。43.D stranger 陌生人，后文54空前strangers提示复现。44.A race 比赛，越野赛跑。45.B decided 决定帮助受伤选手。46.C support 支撑，看她能否借助支撑继续行走。47.A offered 主动提出，让对方爬到自己背上。48.A medical attention 医疗救助，固定搭配。49.B examined 接受检查，之后送往医院。50.B pain 剧痛，前文crying in pain、knee injuries提示。51.C confused 困惑，她不理解为什么这件小事被大肆报道。52.D a big deal 一件大事，固定短语。53.A leave 丢下，她不能丢下痛苦的选手。54.C event 赛事，在这次比赛前两人互不相识。55.B power 力量，人性善良的力量赢得胜利。
✅2024新高考Ⅰ卷答案：41-45 BCABD 46-50 ADABB 51-55 BACDB
41.B chose 选择定期训练。42.C reach 达到我自己最长跑步距离。43.A hated 我开始讨厌长跑。后文“only run if chased by dog”佐证。44.B achievement 我的成就和对方相比显得微不足道。45.D reason 再次跑步唯一理由。46.A turned to 转向（骑自行车）固定短语turn to。47.D burdened with 受…困扰；患有帕金森多年。48.A gave up 从未放弃。49.B beat 目标是完成骑行，不是击败任何人。50.B next to 在旁边，我减速陪他骑行。51.B courage 疾病夺走很多东西，但没有夺走前进的勇气。52.A view 改变了我对于努力的看法。53.C goal 目标不是打败别人。54.D slow 无论进步多么缓慢，坚持向前。55.B pleasure 单纯享受身体运动的快乐。
✅2025新高考Ⅰ卷答案：41-45 BACBC 46-50 ABABC 51-55 BCABC
41.B packing up 打包收拾，卖房搬家。42.A apartment 公寓，后文“I sit in my apartment today”原词复现。43.C store 存放，租地方存放重要物品。44.B filled 房子仍然堆满东西。be filled with。45.C valuable 东西虽然不是特别贵重，但不该丢进垃圾填埋场。46.A information 想要更多物品信息。47.B moving day 搬家日。48.A comment 网上留言评论。49.B Therefore 于是，因此，送出花瓶后，我继续发布更多物品。50.C responses 收到的回复消息。51.B avoid 避开垃圾填埋场，减少丢弃。52.C met 遇到的人，原本不会遇见的陌生人。53.A items 物品，前文vase等物品。54.B comfort 内心感到慰藉。55.C ignored 在旧家里被搁置、无人关注的物品。
