一、句子成分与结构填空题(共6 处)
1.句中"which reminded her of her childhood" 是______从句,引导词是______,它修饰的先行词是______。
2."why her mother always kept the box" 是______从句,由______引导,在主句中作______成分。
3."that looked ordinary" 是______从句,修饰的名词是______,关系代词 that 在从句中作______成分。
4.主句的主语是______,谓语动词是______。
5.句首"After she found the old photo" 是______从句,引导词是______,表示______关系。
二:The scientists who discovered the new species explained that its unique features could help solve environmental problems they had studied for years.
一、句子成分与结构填空题(共6 处)
1.句中"who discovered the new species" 是______从句,引导词是______,它修饰的先行词是______。
2."that its unique features could help solve environmental problems" 是______从句,由______引导,在主句中作______成分。
3."they had studied for years" 是______从句,修饰的名词是______,关系代词在从句中作______成分(可省略)。
4.主句的主语是______,谓语动词是______。
5.句中的过去完成时"had studied" 表示动作发生在______之前。
6.整个句子中包含______种类型的从句。
一、填空答案与解析
1.答案:定语;which;old photo
解析:"which reminded her of her childhood" 是定语从句,关系代词 which 指代先行词 "old photo",在从句中作主语,用于修饰限定 "old photo",说明照片的特征。
2.答案:宾语;why;宾语
解析:"why her mother always kept the box" 是宾语从句,由连接副词 why 引导,作主句谓语动词 "realized" 的宾语,说明意识到的内容。
3.答案:定语;box;主语
解析:"that looked ordinary" 是定语从句,关系代词 that 指代先行词 "box",在从句中作主语,修饰 "box",描述盒子的外观。
4.答案:Mary;realized
解析:主句为"Mary realized why...",其中 "Mary" 是执行动作的主体,作主语;"realized" 是表示动作的动词,作谓语。
5.答案:时间状语;After;时间
解析:"After she found the old photo" 是时间状语从句,由连词 After 引导,说明主句动作 "realized" 发生的时间背景,表时间关系。
6.答案:3
解析:整个句子包含定语从句、宾语从句和时间状语从句三种类型的从句。
二、句子结构成分详细分析
1.主句:Mary realized why her mother always kept the box that looked ordinary
²主语:Mary
²谓语:realized
²宾语:why her mother always kept the box that looked ordinary(宾语从句)
2.时间状语从句:After she found the old photo which reminded her of her childhood
²引导词:After
²主语:she
²谓语:found
²宾语:the old photo
²定语从句:which reminded her of her childhood(修饰 old photo)
3.宾语从句:why her mother always kept the box that looked ordinary
²引导词:why
²主语:her mother
²谓语:kept
²宾语:the box
²定语从句:that looked ordinary(修饰 box)
4.定语从句1:which reminded her of her childhood
²引导词:which(指代 old photo,作主语)
²谓语:reminded
²间接宾语:her
²直接宾语:of her childhood
5.定语从句2:that looked ordinary
²引导词:that(指代 box,作主语)
²系动词:looked
²表语:ordinary
三、翻译
l逐部分翻译:
²After she found the old photo which reminded her of her childhood:在她找到那张让她想起童年的旧照片后
²Mary realized:玛丽意识到
²why her mother always kept the box:为什么她妈妈总是保留那个盒子
²that looked ordinary:那个看起来很普通的(盒子)
l整句翻译:
²在她找到那张让她想起童年的旧照片后,玛丽意识到为什么她妈妈总是保留那个看起来很普通的盒子。
二、
1 填空答案与解析
1.答案:定语;who;scientists
解析:"who discovered the new species" 是定语从句,关系代词 who 指代先行词 "scientists",在从句中作主语,修饰科学家的身份。
2.答案:宾语;that;宾语
解析:"that its unique features..." 是宾语从句,由 that 引导,作主句谓语 "explained" 的宾语,说明科学家的解释内容。
3.答案:定语;problems;宾语
解析:"they had studied for years" 是省略关系代词的定语从句,修饰先行词 "problems",在从句中作宾语(原句为 "that/which they had studied")。
4.答案:The scientists;explained
解析:主句的主语是"The scientists",谓语动词是 "explained",构成主谓结构。
5.答案:主句动作(explained)
解析:过去完成时"had studied" 表示研究行为发生在主句动作 "explained" 之前,强调时间先后顺序。
6.答案:3
解析:句子包含定语从句(who 引导)、宾语从句(that 引导)和定语从句(省略关系代词),共三种类型。
2、句子结构成分详细分析
1.主句:The scientists explained that...
²主语:The scientists
²谓语:explained
²宾语:that 引导的宾语从句
2.定语从句1:who discovered the new species
²引导词:who(指代 scientists,作主语)
²从句结构:who + 谓语(discovered) + 宾语(the new species)
²修饰关系:限定主句主语"scientists" 的身份。
3.宾语从句:that its unique features could help solve environmental problems...
²引导词:that(无实际意义)
²从句主语:its unique features
²谓语:could help solve
²宾语:environmental problems
²定语从句:they had studied for years(修饰 problems)
4.定语从句2:they had studied for years
²引导词:省略(原应为that/which)
²从句主语:they
²谓语:had studied
²宾语:environmental problems(承前省略)
²修饰关系:说明问题的研究时长。
3、翻译训练
l逐部分翻译:
²The scientists who discovered the new species:发现新物种的科学家
²explained that:解释说
²its unique features could help solve environmental problems:其独特特征有助于解决环境问题
²they had studied for years:他们研究多年的(问题)
l整句翻译:
²发现新物种的科学家解释说,其独特特征有助于解决他们研究多年的环境问题。