27篇高考英语C篇阅读真题, 带你突破阅读难点

（一）2026年6月高考英语全国1卷-阅读C篇

In line with longstanding initiatives to expand its green spaces, New York City is planting tens of thousands of trees each year. They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. Something could go wrong, though, according to a new study. Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city's trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone（臭氧）—a major factor in many breathing problems. The research, carried out by scientists at the Columbia Climate School and other institutions, found that if the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%, and resulting summer ozone levels as much as 30%. "We're all for planting more trees. They bring so many good things," said study coauthor Róisín Commane. "But if we're not careful, we could make air quality worse."

The Parks Department is not oblivious to the issue. A study carried out by some of its researchers several years ago concluded that city trees did release isoprene. "We didn't make a big deal of that," said Novem Auyeung, a Parks Department senior scientist. She said trees should not be viewed as the enemy. "We could plant any trees we want to, if we just rethink our car-centric lifestyle," she said. "We're not going to go cutting down any big old oaks, and neither will the department completely stop planting new ones," said Auyeung. "You have to think about what you would lose if you do that." Oaks are keystone species, she pointed out, providing food and habitat for native insects, birds and other animals.

28. What does the new study imply regarding oaks and sweetgums?A. They affect the growth of other trees.B. They absorb less carbon than expected.C. They harm people's health indirectly.D. They raise the local temperature slowly.

答案解析： C。根据第二段，橡树和枫香树本身无害，但它们释放的异戊二烯会与车辆等排放的氮氧化物快速反应，生成地面臭氧，而臭氧是引发诸多呼吸问题的主要因素。可见，这些树种通过化学反应的间接方式危害人体健康，而非直接影响温度或吸收碳的能力。故选C。

29. Which of the following may Commane suggest based on their study?A. Cutting down the isoprene-producing trees.B. Suspending tree-planting for a few decades.C. Changing the species of trees in new plantings.D. Removing isoprene released by existing trees.

答案解析： C。Commane认为植树是好事，但"如果我们不小心，可能会使空气质量变差"。结合研究发现（若维持现有树种模式，异戊二烯排放和臭氧水平将大幅上升），合理推断其建议应为在新植树时更换排放异戊二烯较少的树种，而非采取砍树、暂停植树或直接清除异戊二烯等极端做法。故选C。

30. What does the underlined phrase "oblivious to" in paragraph 5 mean?A. Honest about.B. Unaware of.C. Related to.D. Optimistic about.

答案解析： B。画线部分所在句为"The Parks Department is not oblivious to the issue."，下文提到其研究人员几年前就研究过并得出城市树木释放异戊二烯的结论，说明公园部门对该问题是知晓的、并非浑然不觉。由此可猜测"oblivious to"意为"没意识到"，与unaware of同义。故选B。

31. What would Auyeung probably advocate?A. Reducing car use in daily life.B. Providing animals with new habitats.C. Controlling population growth.D. Doing more research on the problem.

答案解析： A。根据最后两段，Auyeung表示只要重新思考以汽车为中心的生活方式，就可以种任何我们想要的树，且不主张砍掉老橡树或停止种植新橡树。这说明她倡导的解决方案是从源头减少汽车尾气等氮氧化物排放，即减少日常生活中的汽车使用，而不是停止植树或单纯为动物提供新栖息地等。故选A。

（二）2026年6月高考英语全国2卷-阅读C篇

The peak of Mount Qomolangma, 8,849 meters above sea level. Chimborazo, 6,263 m; Mont Blanc, 4,806 m; Pradidali hut, at the foot of the Pala group in the Dolomites, 2,278 m. It is common practice to provide the elevation（高度）of a place. Simple readings are now readily available on our phones and wearables. But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location. The idea of sea level as a reference point for elevations has by now been around for so long as to go essentially unnoticed—we mention it without even considering what it means. That the concept has a history is easily ignored. We tend to forget that sea level is a product of technically and culturally determined assumptions. In this book I tell a story of these assumptions.

Appropriately, the book took shape during a summer spent between sea and mountains. A month after visiting the French Riviera and enjoying the sandy beaches of Nice and Menton, I went hiking with friends in the Pala group. Resting on a pass near the Pradidali hut, we began discussing the readings offered by our altimeters（测高仪）. Why did they vary ever so slightly from one instrument to the next? This sense of uncertainty led me to think about the meaning of zero. This is how I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level.

In this book I examine three crucial stages in the history of mean sea level. These stages mirror the development of human conceptions of the sea. Since I began thinking about this project in August 2011, the issue of sea-level rise and the need to place it historically have only become more urgent: between then and the end of 2022 the global sea rose by almost 5 centimeters, about half of the overall rise recorded by satellites since 1993.

28. What does the author point out at the beginning of the text?A. Some mountains are getting higher.B. Data on wearables are misleading.C. The concept of elevation is relative.D. The reference point is hard to locate.

答案解析： C。由第一段"But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location."可知，作者明确指出海拔概念必然是相对的，必须有参照点才能用数值表达高度。选项C与此一致。故选C。

29. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. How the altimeter was invented.B. What initiated the author's research.C. Why the digital readings varied.D. Where the author spent his holiday.

答案解析： B。第三段描述作者与朋友徒步时发现测高仪读数有微小差异，这种不确定性让他开始思考"零"的意义，从而开启了平均海平面概念史的研究。整段正是讲述触发其研究的原因。故选B。

30. What does the underlined word "it" refer to in the last paragraph?A. The book.B. The project.C. The issue.D. The development.

答案解析： C。最后一段中"the issue of sea-level rise and the need to place it historically"意为海平面上升问题以及将这一问题置于历史背景中审视的必要性，"it"指代的就是前半句提到的"the issue of sea-level rise"。故选C。

31. What can be the title of the book mentioned in the text?A. The Altimeter: A Must-HaveB. Sea Level: A HistoryC. Meaning of Zero: Nothing or EverythingD. Mountains to Seas: Ups and Downs

答案解析： B。文中多次提及"the conceptual history of sea level""the history of mean sea level"，作者明确表示本书讲述的是海平面作为参照点的假设及其历史。因此，最贴合的书名应当是《海平面：一段历史》。故选B。

（三）2026年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读C篇

Human beings have always loved reviews: word of mouth has long been regarded as one of the most valuable marketing tools available to a company. Consumers enjoy reading and giving reviews. However, the problem is that a lot of the reviews are fake（假的）. Shabnam Azimi and Alexander Krasnikov of Loyola University of Chicago and Kwong Chan of Northeastern University recently published a study on fake reviews.

The study used a dataset of 1,600 reviews of Chicago hotels. Some of them were real; others were fake. The reviews were presented to 400 subjects. Each subject got eight reviews to read: a balanced set of two positive fake, two positive real, two negative fake and two negative real, presented in a random order. The reviews were written by real people who were given information about the hotel.

The results show that consumers generally trust negative reviews more than positive ones. Moreover, we humans tend to assume that positive reviews might be fake. "Overall, negative reviews are less common. So, we pay more attention to them. When a negative review is fake, we get tricked," Azimi says.

When it came to faking a review, length was important to believability, as was detail. A long, negative review of a hotel, complete with lots of information, tended to convince participants. A lengthy, positive review, on the other hand, was regarded as suspicious, and participants tended to trust writers that kept their glowing reviews short. Emotion was also important in convincing readers—or the lack of emotion, at least. Azimi says study participants tended not to trust reviews where the writers expressed their feelings in a big way. The more dispassionate that negative write-up, the more likely it was to take the reader in.

The fake reviews written for Azimi's study were put together by humans, but increasingly, fake reviews are being written by AI, which makes them look more real. Though many companies use algorithms（算法）to weed out fake reviews, Azimi points out that the machines are programmed by humans, and given our limited ability to spot fake reviews, this isn't a good sign.

28. Which aspect of the study does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. Its design.B. Its findings.C. Its purposes.D. Its significance.

答案解析： A。第二段详细描述了研究的设计细节，包括评论数量、参与者人数、评论类型分配及呈现方式，并未涉及研究发现、目的或意义。因此本段主要说明研究设计，故选A。

29. What does the underlined word "glowing" in paragraph 4 mean?A. Funny.B. Abusive.C. Insightful.D. Praising.

答案解析： D。根据第四段，"glowing reviews"与上文"positive review"对应，且后文提到"short"的正面评论更受信任，可推知"glowing"意为"高度赞扬的"，故选D(Praising)。

30. What kind of review would readers most likely trust?A. A long, positive one.B. An unemotional, negative one.C. A short, negative one.D. An enthusiastic, positive one.

答案解析： B。第四段指出，负面评论若"不带情感"(dispassionate)更容易获得信任，且长而详细的负面评论更具说服力；正面评论则相反，长篇或情感热烈的会被怀疑。因此最可信的是"不带情感的负面评论"，故选B。

31. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Many companies are producing fake reviews.B. Writing fake reviews will be declared illegal.C. Machines can detect fake reviews accurately.D. It will be harder to recognize fake reviews.

答案解析： D。末段提到AI生成的虚假评论更逼真，而检测算法由人类设计，但人类辨别能力有限，暗示未来识别虚假评论的难度将增加。故选D。

（四）2025年6月高考英语全国1卷-阅读C篇

While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian（行人）mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there's too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives.

Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor（市长）to champion "New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through." Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.

Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world. We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right: it's time to think differently about that street outside your front door.

28. What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1?A. Cars often get stuck on the road.B. Traffic accidents occur frequently.C. People walk less and drive more.D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules.

答案解析： C。根据第一段描述，交通研究表明行人出行减少（declines in pedestrian mobility），尤其是儿童；家长因路上车太多不让孩子步行上学，而是让他们坐车(pack them into the car instead)。这概括起来就是"人们走得更少，开车更多"。故选C。

29. What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do?A. Keep their cities livable.B. Promote cultural diversity.C. Help the needy families.D. Make expressways accessible.

答案解析： A。根据第三段，加拿大记者Jane Jacobs发起运动，呼吁市长让纽约成为"decent place to live, and not just rush through"，即反对为修高速公路破坏公园，保持城市宜居。这与选项"保持城市宜居"一致。故选A。

30. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s?A. They boosted the sales of cars.B. They turned out largely ineffective.C. They won government support.D. They advocated building new parks.

答案解析： B。根据第三段末尾和第四段开头，虽然类似运动在澳大利亚等地广泛发生，但"the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car"（现实是大多数西方城市仍完全围绕汽车需求重新设计），汽车数量持续暴增。由此可推知，这些运动在结果上基本失败了。故选B。

31. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Why the Rush?B. What's Next?C. Where to Stay?D. Who to Blame?

答案解析： A。文章核心在追问：我们为了汽车通行(rush through)牺牲街道的生活功能、儿童安全等，付出巨大社会代价却未意识到，是否值得？标题"Why the Rush?"一语双关，既指匆忙通行的交通方式，又质问这种设计理念的合理性，紧扣全文。故选A。

（五）2025年6月高考英语全国2卷-阅读C篇

When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn't have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry.

"Plants are in fashion right now," says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida. "People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating," she says. "Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think." Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone（激素）in our body. "Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants," says Knuth. "This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces."

If you're among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don't beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn't make it. "Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one," Detrinidad says.

28. How was Detrinidad's business when it started?A. It faced tough competition.B. It suffered a great loss.C. It got lots of financial support.D. It went surprisingly well.

答案解析： D。根据第一段"she didn't have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone."可知，Detrinidad开店时本没抱太大期望，但订单量却很大，生意出奇地好。故选D。

29. What is one of Knuth's findings about plants?A. They appeal more to students.B. They purify the environment.C. They raise the cortisol level.D. They enhance productivity.

答案解析： D。根据第二、三段Knuth的研究，植物能降低皮质醇水平（并非提高），且学生在有植物的环境中学业表现更好，成人在有植物的职场中病假减少30%，这些均说明植物能够提升人的生产力。故选D。

30. What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers?A. The necessity of social skills.B. The meaning of sustainability.C. The importance of repeated efforts.D. The value of professional opinions.

答案解析： C。Detrinidad在最后一段提到"Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law... Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning."，将养植物比作医生律师执业，意在强调反复练习和不断尝试的重要性，即使失败了也应继续尝试。故选C。

31. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Time to Replace HouseplantsB. Plants Boost Your MoodC. Tips on Choosing HouseplantsD. Plants Brighten Your Home

答案解析： B。全文通过案例和研究，集中阐述了植物对人的情绪、压力水平和效率等方面的积极影响，核心主题是植物能改善人的心情和精神状态。选项B准确概括了这一主旨。故选B。

（六）2025年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读C篇

A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. Eschewing fertilizers（化肥）and power tools, it's based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does.

The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War II in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance. Planners created planting mixes that could be used modularly（模块化）. In a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds.

Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf's gardens popularized this style, adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form, including four-season interest and serving the needs of wildlife. Beautiful year-round, they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail, from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads.

It takes a lot of thought to look this natural. While matrix gardens appear wild, they are carefully planned, with cultural needs the first consideration. Led by the concept of "right plant, right place," they match plants that enjoy the same soil, sun and weather conditions, and arrange them according to their patterns of growth.

The benefits are substantial for both gardener and planet. With human inputs dramatically reduced, the garden's ecology can develop well. Established matrix gardens should not need the life support we give most gardens: fertilizer, dividing, regular watering. Compared to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly.

28. What does the underlined word "Eschewing" in the first paragraph mean?A. Running out of.B. Keeping away from.C. Putting up with.D. Taking advantage of.

答案解析： B。画线词所在句提到，这种方法"基于一个简单原则：更像大自然那样进行园艺"。根据常识，自然生态中不会使用化肥和电动工具，且下文强调减少人类干预，可推知"Eschewing"应意为"避免使用、远离"。选项B"Keeping away from"（远离）符合文意。故选B。

29. Why was the idea of matrix planting introduced?A. To control weeds in large gardens.B. To bring in foreign species of plants.C. To conserve soil and water resources.D. To develop low-maintenance parkland.

答案解析： D。由第二段首句"The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland... in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance."可知，这一理念源于二战后德国城市规划者希望以可复制、低维护的方式绿化大面积公园用地。选项D"发展低维护的公园绿地"与之相符。故选D。

30. Which of the following best describes Piet Oudolf's gardens?A. Traditional.B. Odd-looking.C. Tasteful.D. Well-protected.

答案解析： C。第三段描述Piet Oudolf的花园在种植组合中加入"艺术韵味"，精心搭配色彩与形态，营造四季景观，让人赏心悦目，可推断其花园具有高雅的艺术品位。选项C"Tasteful"（有品位的，雅致的）最为贴切。故选C。

31. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A. The future of gardening is WILDB. Nature treats all lives as EQUALSC. Matrix gardens need more CARED. Old garden plots work WONDERS

答案解析： A。全文核心是矩阵种植让花园呈现自然野趣(wild)，同时指出其精心规划的内核，结尾强调其对生态的诸多好处，预示着这种"野性"园艺是未来方向。选项A"The future of gardening is WILD"一语双关，既概括了花园的自然野性外观，又点明了其未来发展趋势，为最佳标题。故选A。

（七）2024年6月高考英语新1卷-阅读C篇

Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text on screen or on paper? And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often "no". The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset（心态）and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.

When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text.

The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper's physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they've read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.

But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called "shallowing hypothesis（假说）." According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.

Audio（音频）and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies—say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces.

Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn't assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.

28. What does the underlined phrase "shine through" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Seem unlikely to last.B. Seem hard to explain.C. Become ready to use.D. Become easy to notice.

答案解析： D。第二段前文说"当阅读几百字或更长的文本时，纸质阅读通常比屏幕阅读更成功"，接着指出当任务从简单的找主旨大意变为需要心理抽象的推断时，纸质阅读的好处"尤其shine through"。结合语境，此时纸质阅读的优势更加突显出来，因此"shine through"意为"变得容易注意到"。故选D。

29. What does the "shallowing hypothesis" assume?A. Readers treat digital texts lightly.B. Digital texts are simpler to understand.C. People select digital texts randomly.D. Digital texts are suitable for social media.

答案解析： A。根据第四段对"shallowing hypothesis"的描述，"人们以适合社交媒体的心态去对待数字文本，这种心态往往不那么严肃，且投入的脑力比阅读纸质材料时少"，即读者对待数字文本较为轻率，不够深入。选项A"读者轻视数字文本"与此吻合。故选A。

30. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers?A. They can hold students' attention.B. They are more convenient to prepare.C. They help develop advanced skills.D. They are more informative than text.

答案解析： A。第五段首句明确指出"音频和视频比文本感觉更吸引人(more engaging)，因此大学教师越来越多地使用这些技术"，随后举例说明用在线讲座代替同一人的文章。原因在于它们更能吸引学生注意力，故选A。

31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques.B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material.C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored.

答案解析： C。最后一段指出数字文本、音频和视频都有教育作用，但"为了在需要专注和反思时最大化学习效果，教育者不应认为所有媒体都一样，即使它们包含完全相同的文字"。这暗示纸质文本在需要深度思考时具有不可替代性，不能在教育中被完全取代。选项C"纸质文本在教育中不能被完全替代"符合该隐含观点。故选C。

（八）2024年6月高考英语新2卷-阅读C篇

We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.

BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.

Specifically, it's a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod（容器）to get the next growth cycle started.

Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions（排放）from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.

BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. "We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment," said a BMF employee.

28. What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1?A. It guarantees the variety of food.B. It requires day-to-day care.C. It cuts the farm-to-table distance.D. It relies on farmer's markets.

答案解析： C。第一段指出，农贸集市虽能缩短食物旅程，但BMF能将其缩短得更多，直接切断了长途运输，即减少了农场到餐桌的距离，故选C。

29. What information does the convenient app offer?A. Real-time weather changes.B. Current condition of the plants.C. Chemical pollutants in the soil.D. Availability of pre-seeded pods.

答案解析： B。根据第二段中"there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time"可知，该应用能提供植物实时生长数据，即当前生长状况，故选B。

30. What can be concluded about BMF employees?A. They have a great passion for sports.B. They are devoted to community service.C. They are fond of sharing daily experiences.D. They have a strong environmental awareness.

答案解析： D。最后一段提到BMF员工日常坚持步行或骑自行车上班，办公中推行回收利用、减少垃圾、拒绝一次性塑料，并致力于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学物质，由此可推断他们具有强烈的环保意识，故选D。

31. What does the text mainly talk about?A. BMF's major strengths.B. BMF's general management.C. BMF's global influence.D. BMF's technical standards.

答案解析： A。全文从缩短运输距离、远程监控、自动节水、零排放、无农药等方面着重介绍了BMF的主要优势，其员工行为也是这些优势理念的延伸，因此文章主旨为BMF的主要强项，故选A。

（九）2024年6月高考英语全国甲卷-阅读C篇

The Saint Lukas train doesn't accept passengers—it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural（乡村）populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions.

"People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning," says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions（区域）of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia.

Russia's public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.

The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock（补给）. Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits. Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allows for basic checkups.

"I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned," says Ducke. "They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want."

28. How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains?A. It runs across countries.B. It reserves seats for the seniors.C. It functions as a hospital.D. It travels along a river.

答案解析： C。文章第一句明确指出，"The Saint Lukas train doesn't accept passengers—it accepts only the sick."（这列火车不接受普通乘客，只接收病人），随后详细描述了车上的医生和护士为乡村居民提供基本医疗、X光检查和处方。这说明该火车实质上是移动医院。选项C"It functions as a hospital"（它起到医院的作用）与此相符。故选C。

29. What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk?A. It is heavily populated.B. It offers training for doctors.C. It is a modern city.D. It needs medical aid.

答案解析： D。第三段指出，俄罗斯公共卫生服务亟需现代化，政府努力解决问题，尤其是在伏尔加河以东更贫困的农村地区，接着明确提到"including... remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk"（包括像克拉斯诺亚尔斯克这样的偏远地区）。由此可推断，该地区因偏远需要医疗援助。选项D"It needs medical aid."（它需要医疗援助）符合此推断。故选D。

30. How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply?A. About a year.B. About ten months.C. About two months.D. About two weeks.

答案解析： D。第四段明确说明了该列车的补给与工作时间周期："For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock."（每年列车运行10个月，每运行两周、停靠大约八个站点后，就返回地区首府补充燃料和物资）。这说明列车每次依靠单次补给能够工作"two weeks"（两周）。故选D。

31. What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services?A. Appreciative.B. Doubtful.C. Ambiguous.D. Cautious.

答案解析： A。文章最后一段引用了他的话："I was very impressed by the doctors... staying focused and very concerned"（我对医生们在如此狭小的空间里依然保持专注和关切印象深刻），并总结道："They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want."（他们是许多农村人获得理想治疗的最好机会）。这些描述均为正面评价，充满赞赏。选项A"Appreciative"（赞赏的）与此相符。故选A。

（十）2024年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读C篇

On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm（冰雹）in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.

But farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture（水分）is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. "Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail," Mr. Stienwand says, "but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan."

The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. "We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought," Dr. Krauss says. "In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground."

One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. "In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes（龙卷风）form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas," Dr. Doswell says. "Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on."

Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, "it would be wise to stop cloud seeding." In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.

28. What does the project aim to do?A. Conserve moisture in the soil.B. Prevent the formation of hailstones.C. Forecast disastrous hailstorms.D. Investigate chemical use in farming.

答案解析： B。根据第一段中"Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones."可知，飞机向有威胁的风暴云团播撒化学物质，让微小的冰晶以雨的形式落下，防止其长大成为危险冰雹，因此该项目旨在阻止冰雹的形成。故选B。

29. Who are opposed to the project?A. Farmers in east-central Alberta.B. Managers of insurance companies.C. Provincial government officials.D. Residents of Calgary and Edmonton.

答案解析： A。根据第二段中"But farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture is being stolen from their thirsty land..."及Norman Stienwand的发言可知，阿尔伯塔中东部的农民因担心水分被夺走而反对该项目。故选A。

30. Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999?A. To compare different kinds of seeding methods.B. To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.C. To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.D. To show the link between storms and moisture.

答案解析： C。根据第四段中Chuck Doswell的身份是"One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding"，以及他提到1999年亲眼看到播撒过的风暴单体形成重大龙卷风，并质问"Does cloud seeding create killer storms...?"可知，他举这个例子是为了表明云播种可能存在引发强风暴的危险。故选C。

31. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.B. Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.C. The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.D. Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist.

答案解析： D。根据最后一段中"Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety."可知，因缺乏科学证据，针对播云公司的诉讼未能成功，私人气候工程得以在法律相对安全的环境下继续进行，由此可推断播云公司将继续存在。故选D。

（十一）2023年6月高考英语新1卷-阅读C篇

The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.

To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.

Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.

In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.

The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate（培养）a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude（独处）and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use.

Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.

28. What is the book aimed at?A. Teaching critical thinking skills.B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.C. Solving philosophical problems.D. Promoting the use of a digital device.

答案解析： B。根据文章开头第一句"The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism..."可知，本书的目的是倡导数字极简主义，即提倡一种简单的数字化生活方式。故选B。

29. What does the underlined word "declutter" in paragraph 3 mean?A. Clear-up.B. Add-on.C. Check-in.D. Take-over.

答案解析： A。根据画线词所在段落的解释"step away from optional online activities for thirty days... then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities"可知，这一过程要求先暂停非必要的线上活动，然后再有选择地恢复少量活动，实质就是对数字生活进行"清理"。故选A。

30. What is presented in the final chapter of part one?A. Theoretical models.B. Statistical methods.C. Practical examples.D. Historical analyses.

答案解析： C。根据第四段"In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter... You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them..."可知，该章节借助超过1600人的实验案例，呈现了参与者的亲身经历和有效策略，属于实践案例的展示。故选C。

31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two?A. Use them as needed.B. Recommend them to friends.C. Evaluate their effects.D. Identify the ideas behind them.

答案解析： A。根据最后一段"You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances."可知，作者建议读者把这些实践方法当作工具箱，根据自己的具体情况灵活运用，即按需使用。故选A。

（十二）2023年6月高考英语新2卷-阅读C篇

Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists' representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.

In this "book of books," artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed（描绘）alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.

Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect（才智）, wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.

Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, "off-line" activity.

28. Where is the text most probably taken from?A. An introduction to a book.B. An essay on the art of writing.C. A guidebook to a museum.D. A review of modern paintings.

答案解析： A。文章开篇直接提出"Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration..."，后文又用"In this 'book of books,' artworks are selected..."等语句，通篇介绍该书的内容、编排思路及观点，语气为典型的书籍引言或介绍。由此可以推断，本文最有可能摘自一本书的序言或介绍。故选A。

29. What are the selected artworks about?A. Wealth and intellect.B. Home and school.C. Books and reading.D. Work and leisure.

答案解析： C。第一段明确指出这本书是"a celebration of an everyday object—the book"，艺术品呈现的是"the image of the reader"，且全文始终围绕书籍和阅读的画面展开，因此这些入选艺术品的主题是"书和阅读"。故选C。

30. What do the underlined words "relate to" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Understand.B. Paint.C. Seize.D. Transform.

答案解析： A。划线部分所在句子说，这些画作虽是数百年前绘制的，却记录了"we can all relate to"的时刻。前文强调这些场景展现的是超越文化、时间的共同人性，因此这些读书的瞬间能够被我们理解并产生共鸣。"relate to"在此处意为"理解并产生同感"，与"understand"意思最为接近。故选A。

31. What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader?A. The printed book is not totally out of date.B. Technology has changed the way we read.C. Our lives in the 21st century are networked.D. People now rarely have the patience to read.

答案解析： A。最后一段提到电子阅读器是为了与纸质书作对比："the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader"，后续还指出纸质书需要读者动手激活，并提供完全私密的"离线"体验。作者借此强调纸质书并未因技术发展而过时，仍有其不可替代的互动性和私密性。故选A。

（十三）2023年6月高考英语全国甲卷-阅读C篇

I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy（哲学）.

That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you—and then try to explain them.

Eric Weiner's The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.

Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher's work in the context（背景）of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.

He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding（解读）their messages and adding his own interpretation.

The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. It's worth your time, even if time is something we don't have a lot of.

28. Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?A. Foucault.B. Eric Weiner.C. Jostein Gaarder.D. A college teacher.

答案解析： C。根据第一段中的"I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World... It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy"可知，是Jostein Gaarder的《苏菲的世界》将作者带入了哲学世界，为他打开了哲学之门。故选C。

29. Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?A. To compare Weiner with them.B. To give examples of great works.C. To praise their writing skills.D. To help readers understand Weiner's book.

答案解析： D。第四段列举苏格拉底、梭罗等哲学家，是为了说明通过韦纳的书读者可以学会像他们那样思考、观察和倾听，从而帮助读者理解这本书的特点——用哲学来改善生活，而不是单纯讲解哲学。故选D。

30. What does the author like about The Socrates Express?A. Its views on history are well-presented.B. Its ideas can be applied to daily life.C. It includes comments from readers.D. It leaves an open ending.

答案解析： B。文章指出，这是一本"learning to use philosophy to improve a life"的书，哲学思考能"improves the quality of our experiences"，说明其理念可以应用于日常生活，这正是作者喜欢该书的原因。故选B。

31. What does the author think of Weiner's book?A. Objective and plain.B. Daring and ambitious.C. Serious and hard to follow.D. Humorous and straightforward.

答案解析： D。文中提到韦纳"does so with plenty of humor"，并且全书带有"apparent simplicity"，可见作者认为这本书既幽默又浅显直白。故选D。

（十四）2023年6月高考英语全国乙卷-阅读C篇

What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably fish and chips, or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting? Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.

It's thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain's consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.

According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients（配料）than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking.

The UK's obsession（痴迷）with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it's no longer "uncool" for boys to like cooking.

28. What do people usually think of British food?A. It is simple and plain.B. It is rich in nutrition.C. It lacks authentic tastes.D. It deserves a high reputation.

答案解析： A。根据第一段第一句"What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably fish and chips, or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables."和第二句"But is British food really so uninteresting?"可知，人们通常想到的英国菜是炸鱼薯条、一肉两菜的周日烤肉这类搭配，并觉得它无趣。选项A中的"simple and plain"是对这种"简单、不花哨"印象的准确概括。故选A。

29. Which best describes cookery programmes on British TV?A. Authoritative.B. Creative.C. Profitable.D. Influential.

答案解析： D。文章第二段提到，正是由于电视厨师的影响，英国人正在改变饮食习惯；第三段更具体指出五分之一的英国人因看烹饪节目而尝试新食物，近三分之一的人使用更广泛的配料。文章还指出，电视节目编排也反映了这种痴迷。综合来看，节目的最大特点是"有影响力的"。故选D。

30. Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now?A. 20%.B. 24%.C. 25%.D. 33%.

答案解析： D。根据第三段第二句"Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients than they used to..."可知，"one third"即三分之一，换算成百分比约为33%。故选D。

31. What might the author continue talking about?A. The art of cooking in other countries.B. Male chefs on TV programmes.C. Table manners in the UK.D. Studies of big eaters.

答案解析： B。文章最后一句"With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it's no longer 'uncool' for boys to like cooking."提到了电视上男性厨师数量增多，并指出男孩喜欢烹饪不再"不酷"。按照写作逻辑，作者接下来很可能围绕"电视节目中的男性厨师"这一新话题展开讨论。故选B。

（十五）2023年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读C篇

A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel's former national debating champion.

Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: "There's never a stage at which the system knows what it's talking about."

What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.

Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean.

Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that's why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.

28. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph?A. To explain the use of a software program.B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition.

答案解析： B。文章第一段提到，这个软件程序在公开辩论中击败了包括以色列前全国辩论冠军诺亚·奥瓦迪亚在内的人类对手。作者举出这位人类顶尖高手的例子，是为了通过对比，具体有力地证明Project Debater的智能程度之高。故选B。

29. What does the underlined word "wrinkles" in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Arguments.B. Doubts.C. Errors.D. Differences.

答案解析： C。第二段划线词所在句的前文指出，该系统会犯一些人类不会犯的"错误"(errors)，接着用了"Such wrinkles"来指代，表明这种"瑕疵"或"问题"指的就是前面提到的那种"错误"，并通过"no doubt be ironed out"（无疑会被熨平/消除）进一步暗示这是需要修正的缺陷。故选C。

30. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond?A. Create rules.B. Comprehend meaning.C. Talk fluently.D. Identify difficult words.

答案解析： B。第二段末尾引用Hammond教授的话说："这个系统从没有哪个阶段真正知道自己在说什么。"第三段首句紧接着点明，这话指的是"意义"的问题，即电脑处理符号却不指定其含义。由此可知，Hammond认为Project Debater无法"理解意义"。故选B。

31. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.

答案解析： A。最后一段的核心观点是，意义的产生来自于社会互动的过程，而非单纯的计算；赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们头脑中，也存在于社会记忆、习俗和关系里。这是人类与机器的根本区别。选项A"社会互动是理解符号的关键"准确概括了这一主旨。故选A。

（十六）2022年6月高考英语新1卷-阅读C篇

The elderly residents（居民）in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. The project was dreamed up by a local charity（慈善组织）to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.

Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: "I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they've gone to bed. It's good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I'm enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful."

There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.

Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: "Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here."

Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: "We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities."

28. What is the purpose of the project?A. To ensure harmony in care homes.B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.C. To raise money for medical research.D. To promote the elderly people's welfare.

答案解析： D。根据第二段第一句"The project was dreamed up... to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing"可知，该项目的目的是减少老人们的孤独感并改善他们的健康幸福。选项D"提升老年人的福祉"与此一致。故选D。

29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier?A. She has learned new life skills.B. She has gained a sense of achievement.C. She has recovered her memory.D. She has developed a strong personality.

答案解析： B。根据第五段中Ruth Xavier说的"it feels great to have done something useful"可知，她因为做了一些有用的事而感到很棒，即获得了成就感。选项B与此相符。故选B。

30. What do the underlined words "embark on" mean in paragraph 7?A. Improve.B. Oppose.C. Begin.D. Evaluate.

答案解析： C。第七段中"embark on"所在句描述Wendy Wilson是首批"embark on"该项目的护理院之一，接着她表示居民很欢迎这个项目，并期待它带来的益处和乐趣。根据语境，"embark on"应表示"开始、着手"该项目，与选项C"Begin"同义。故选C。

31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?A. It is well received.B. It needs to be more creative.C. It is highly profitable.D. It takes ages to see the results.

答案解析： A。最后两段中，Wendy Wilson说"居民真的很欢迎这个项目"，Lynn Lewis表示"很高兴参与其中，这将通过共同兴趣把居民联系起来"，这些话语都反映了项目受到积极的接纳和认可。因此可推知，该项目很受欢迎(well received)。故选A。

（十七）2022年6月高考英语新2卷-阅读C篇

Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted（分心）driving was "only increasing, unfortunately."

"Big change requires big ideas," he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving.

An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws.

"We need something on the books that can change people's behavior," said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone."

28. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US?A. Ineffective.B. Unnecessary.C. Inconsistent.D. Unfair.

答案解析： A。根据第一段可知，过去七年大多数州已禁止司机发短信，但问题反而"越来越糟"，事故数量在急剧上升。这说明禁令并未达到预期效果，是"无效的"，故选A。

29. What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out?A. Where a driver came from.B. Whether a driver used their phone.C. How fast a driver was going.D. When a driver arrived at the scene.

答案解析： B。由第五段对Textalyzer工作原理的介绍可知，警官可通过该设备检查手机操作系统中的近期活动，判断司机是否刚发过短信、邮件或做过其他违规操作，即查明"司机是否用过手机"，故选B。

30. What does the underlined word "something" in the last paragraph refer to?A. Advice.B. Data.C. Tests.D. Laws.

答案解析： D。画线词所在句"We need something on the books..."中，"on the books"意为"载入法律的"，Félix W. Ortiz紧接着说如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，人们就会更害怕碰手机。由此可知，"something"指代的是能够改变人们行为的"法律"，故选D。

31. What is a suitable title for the text?A. To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You StartB. Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the TextalyzerC. New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by DriversD. The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer

答案解析： B。全文围绕治理开车时使用手机的新举措"Textalyzer"展开，介绍其功能和预期的威慑效果。B项"开车发短信？小心Textalyzer"既涵盖核心问题，又突出新设备，最具概括性和吸引力，适合作为标题，故选B。

（十八）2022年6月高考英语全国甲卷-阅读C篇

As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins（企鹅）longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.

Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career（职业）as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.

After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. "I just decided I wanted to go," she says. "I had no idea about what I'd find there and I wasn't nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way."

In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she'd never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. "From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has," Ginni says. "I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater."

The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.

28. Which of the following best explains "take the plunge" underlined in paragraph 2?A. Try challenging things.B. Take a degree.C. Bring back lost memories.D. Stick to a promise.

答案解析： A。根据第二段划线短语前文"she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest"，说明Ginni退休且孩子离家独立，她有了追寻长期旅行梦想的条件和时机。结合后文她开始环游世界、去南极等行动，可知"take the plunge"在此处意为下定决心、毅然尝试一直想做却需要勇气的事，即"尝试有挑战性的事情"。故选A。

29. What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica?A. Lovely penguins.B. Beautiful scenery.C. A discount fare.D. A friend's invitation.

答案解析： C。根据第三段第二句"it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica"，明确说明她在智利发现能买到去南极的最后一刻特价船票，这个折扣票价直接促使她做出决定。故选C。

30. What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey?A. It could be a home for her.B. It should be easily accessible.C. It should be well preserved.D. It needs to be fully introduced.

答案解析： C。根据最后一段"this is a precious land, to be respected by humans"可知，Ginni深刻体会到南极是一片珍贵、需要人类尊重和保护的土地，这与选项C"它应该被好好保护"意思一致。故选C。

31. What is the text mainly about?A. A childhood dream.B. An unforgettable experience.C. Sailing around the world.D. Meeting animals in Antarctica.

答案解析： B。文章从Ginni抵达南极受到企鹅迎接切入，回溯她热爱旅行的一生，重点记叙她2008年乘坐邮轮前往南极的全程经历及深刻感悟，开篇即点明这是一次"never forget"的旅行。全文围绕这次南极之旅展开，核心是"一次难忘的经历"。故选B。

（十九）2022年6月高考英语全国乙卷-阅读C篇

Can a small group of drones（无人机）guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today's "eyes in the sky" technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure（基础设施）worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.

Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient（高效）across the board.

That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.

By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.

28. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?A. The use of drones in checking on power lines.B. Drones' ability to work at high altitudes.C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.D. Drones' reliable performance in remote areas.

答案解析： A。文章第一段末尾指出，无人机已经用于检查高压电线，第二段开头明确说"它们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线……"，由此可知，无人机在电力线路检查上的已有应用，使其应用于铁路成为可能。故选A。

29. What does "maintenance" underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Personnel safety.B. Assistance from drones.C. Inspection and repair.D. Construction of infrastructure.

答案解析： C。第三段中"maintenance"一词所在句的后文提到"including sending maintenance staff... to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure"，用"检查和维修"来具体说明维护工作的内容，因此maintenance指的就是inspection and repair。故选C。

30. What function is expected of the rail drones?A. To provide early warning.B. To make trains run automatically.C. To earn profits for the crews.D. To accelerate transportation.

答案解析： A。文章最后一段说未来的轨道无人机在列车前运行，能够"提前发现任何问题并发出信号，使快速行驶的列车能及时反应"，这属于提前预警的功能。故选A。

31. Which is the most suitable title for the text?A. What Faults Can Be Detected with DronesB. How Production of Drones Can Be ExpandedC. What Difficulty Drone Development Will FaceD. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways

答案解析： D。全文从无人机已用于电力巡检引出其在铁路领域的应用可能，接着阐述了无人机在铁路维护、安全预警、降本增效等方面的价值和未来愿景，核心是说明无人机将如何改变铁路行业的未来。选项D准确概括了这一主旨。故选D。

（二十）2022年6月高考英语浙江卷-阅读C篇

Many people believe that working to the maximum is the secret to success, but research has found that moderation（适度）also gets results on the job.

In a study led by Ellen Langer of Harvard University, researchers asked people to translate sentences into a new made-up language. Subjects who practiced the language moderately beforehand made fewer errors than those who practiced extensively or not at all. High levels of knowledge can make people too attached to traditional ways of viewing problems across fields—the arts, sciences, and politics. High conscientiousness is related to lower job performance, especially in simple jobs where it doesn't pay to be a perfectionist.

How long we stay on the clock and how we spend that time are under careful examination in many workplaces. The young banker who eats lunch at his desk is probably seen as a go-getter, while his colleagues who chat over a relaxed conference-room meal get dirty looks from the corner office. "People from cultures that value relationships more than ours does are shocked by the thought of eating alone in front of a computer," says Art Markman, a professor of psychology at the University of Texas, Austin. Social interaction has been shown to lift mood（情绪）and get people thinking in new directions and in ways that could help improve any post-lunch effort.

Markman also promotes off-task time. "Part of being a good thinker is experiencing things that are seemingly unrelated to what you are working on at the moment but give you fresh ideas about your work," he says. "Also, there is a lot of research showing that a positive mood leads to higher levels of productivity and creativity. So, when people do things to increase their life satisfaction, they also make themselves more effective at work."

27. What does Ellen Langer's study show?A. It is worthwhile to be a perfectionist.B. Translation makes people knowledgeable.C. Simpler jobs require greater caution.D. Moderate effort produces the best result.

答案解析： D。根据第一段中Ellen Langer的研究结果，"适度练习的人比大量练习或完全不练习的人犯错更少"，再结合该段首句"适度也能在工作中带来成果"可知，该研究表明适度努力能产生最佳效果。故选D。

28. The underlined word "go-getter" in paragraph 3 refers to someone who ________.A. is good at handling pressureB. works hard to become successfulC. has a natural talent for his jobD. gets on well with his co-workers

答案解析： B。第三段将"在办公桌前吃午饭的年轻银行家"与"在会议室放松闲聊的同事"进行对比，后者被高管投来不满的目光，而前者很可能被视为"go-getter"。可以推断该词指为了成功而拼命工作的人，与牺牲休息、埋头苦干的形象相符。故选B。

29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. A good thinker is able to inspire other people.B. Experience unrelated to your job is useless.C. A cheerful mood helps make a creative mind.D. Focusing on what you do raises productivity.

答案解析： C。最后一段指出，"积极情绪会带来更高的生产力和创造力"，并建议通过提高生活满意度让自己工作更有效。由此可推断，愉快的心情有助于形成创造性思维。故选C。

30. What does the text seem to advocate?A. Middle-of-the-road work habits.B. Balance between work and family.C. Long-standing cultural traditions.D. Harmony in the work environment.

答案解析： A。全文通过研究结果和专家观点，反复强调适度工作、适当休息和社交、保持积极情绪对成功和效率的重要性，反对一味拼命工作。因此，文章倡导的是"中庸的工作习惯"。故选A。

（二十一）2022年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读C篇

The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia（失智症）in later life—and if they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.

Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said: "These findings are exciting because it's possible that improving people's cardiovascular（心血管的）fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia."

For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak（最大值的）cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts. A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92 women were in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other cardiovascular problems.

These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.

"However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important." She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were from Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.

27. What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?A. Positive effects of doing exercises.B. Exercises suitable for the middle-aged.C. Experimental studies on diseases.D. Advantages of sporty woman over man.

答案解析： A。第一段首句提到定期锻炼的好处已有大量记载，但"ever-growing list"上又新增一个好处。下文即说明这一新发现（降低失智症风险），由此可知，该"清单"指的是锻炼的积极影响。选项A"锻炼的积极作用"符合文意。故选A。

28. Why did the researchers ask the women to do bicycle exercise?A. To predict their maximum heart rate.B. To assess their cardiovascular capacity.C. To change their habits of working out.D. To detect their potential health problems.

答案解析： B。根据第三段"took a bicycle exercise test... to measure their peak cardiovascular capacity"可知，让女性进行自行车运动测试是为了测量她们的最大心血管能力。选项B"评估她们的心血管能力"与此一致。故选B。

29. What do we know about Dr. Horder's study?A. It aimed to find a cure for dementia.B. Data collection was a lengthy process.C. Some participants withdrew from it.D. The results were far from satisfactory.

答案解析： B。由第四段"tested for dementia six times over the following four decades"可知，数据收集持续了40年，过程漫长。选项B"数据收集是一个漫长过程"正确。故选B。

30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. More Women Are Exercising to Prevent DementiaB. Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More ExerciseC. Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop DementiaD. Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular Fitness

答案解析： C。全文围绕一项研究展开，核心结论为体能好的中年女性患失智症的可能性更低、发病更晚。选项C"身体健康的女性更不易患失智症"准确概括了主旨。故选C。

（二十二）2021年6月高考英语新1卷-阅读C篇

When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl（水禽）were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat（栖息地）.

In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory（迁徙的）waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. "Ding" Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, Iowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.

Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources. About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.

28. What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America?A. Loss of wetlands.B. Popularity of water sports.C. Pollution of rivers.D. Arrival of other wild animals.

答案解析： A。根据第一段最后一句"Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat"可知，数百万英亩湿地被排干，极大减少了水禽的栖息地，这是导致水禽数量下降的直接原因之一。故选A。

29. What does the underlined word "decimate" mean in the first paragraph?A. Acquire.B. Export.C. Destroy.D. Distribute.

答案解析： C。根据第一段画线词所在句"it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources"，结合下文列出的水禽被大量猎杀、湿地被排干等破坏行为，可推知该词意为"大量毁灭"。故选C。

30. What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?A. The stamp price has gone down.B. The migratory birds have flown away.C. The hunters have stopped hunting.D. The government has collected money.

答案解析： D。根据第二段"Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp."可知，法案要求猎人每年购买鸭票，这使政府有了直接的资金收入；第三段也说明约98美分的鸭票收入进入保护基金。因此，法案的直接结果是政府筹到了资金。故选D。

31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. The Federal Duck Stamp Story.B. The National Wildlife Refuge System.C. The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl.D. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting.

答案解析： A。全文以水禽数量下降引出1934年法案，核心内容围绕联邦鸭票的发行、资金用途及其保护成就展开，最后称赞该计划是史上最成功的保护计划之一。因此，"联邦鸭票的故事"最能概括全文主旨。故选A。

（二十三）2021年6月高考英语新2卷-阅读C篇

A British woman who won a $1 million prize after she was named the World's Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.

Andria Zafirakou, a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution（变革）. "We are going to make a change," she said. "I've started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools."

The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort—whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star—into schools to work with and inspire children. Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School, her place of work for the past twelve years. "I've seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by—their eyes are shining and their faces light up," she said. "We need artists more than ever in our schools."

Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: "Andria's brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools." It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary, he added.

Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in schools was not just an add-on. "It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness, that has been our strength for centuries."

28. What will Zafirakou do with her prize money?A. Make a movie.B. Build new schools.C. Run a project.D. Help local musicians.

答案解析： C。根据第二段Zafirakou说的话"I've started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools"以及第一段提及她将用奖金把鼓舞人心的人物带进学校，可知她会用奖金运作一个项目。故选C。

29. What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools?A. It is particularly difficult.B. It increases artists' income.C. It opens children's mind.D. It deserves greater attention.

答案解析： D。Craig-Martin说，在学校艺术被降级的时期，Zafirakou把艺术家带进学校的项目尤其受欢迎，并指出"视艺术为不必要是一种错误"。这反映出他认为艺术教学在学校中未得到应有重视，应该受到更多关注。故选D。

30. What should be stressed in school education according to Schama?A. Moral principles.B. Interpersonal skills.C. Creative abilities.D. Positive worldviews.

答案解析： C。Schama指出"未来取决于创造力，而创造力取决于年轻人"，并强调"我们的创造力、我们富有远见的新鲜感是几个世纪以来的力量所在"。因此，他认为学校教育应重视创造性能力。故选C。

31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. Bring Artists to SchoolsB. When Historians Meet ArtistsC. Arts Education in BritainD. The World's Best Arts Teacher

答案解析： A。全文围绕Zafirakou用奖金发起项目，将艺术家带入学校展开，突出"Bring Artists to Schools"这一核心事件。故选A。

（二十四）2021年6月高考英语全国甲卷-阅读C篇

When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.

Until I made a discovery. Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it.

Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: "Safe! Safe! Safe!" And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.

When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.

When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear; tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail-thin teenager, in a baggy white T-shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. "I was a local here 20 years ago," I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. "Safe, man. Safe."

"Yeah." I said. "Safe."

28. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?A. He felt disappointed.B. He gave up his hobby.C. He liked the weather there.D. He had disagreements with his family.

答案解析： A。由第一段"Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place."可知，家人很快适应了伦敦，只有"我"因为没有心爱的海滩和蓝天而不知所措、格格不入，这表现出深深的失落感，故选A。

29. What do the underlined words "Safe! Safe! Safe!" probably mean?A. Be careful!B. Well done!C. No way!D. Don't worry!

答案解析： B。文中虽解释过"Safe"有"别担心"等意思，但在该处，作者成功完成横杆上的滑板动作后，朋友们大声喊"Safe! Safe! Safe!"，后文紧接着说"And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater."，可见这是一种欢呼和肯定，相当于"干得好！"，故选B。

30. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?A. To join the skateboarding.B. To make new friends.C. To learn more tricks.D. To relive his childhood days.

答案解析： D。文章末尾写到作者重返南岸看孩子们滑板，并主动告诉一名少年"20年前我是这儿的本地人"，两人用"Safe"这个属于他们群体的语言对话。这些行为表明作者想重温童年时在这里获得的归属感和美好时光，即"relive his childhood days"，故选D。

31. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. Children should learn a second language.B. Sport is necessary for children's health.C. Children need a sense of belonging.D. Seeing the world is a must for children.

答案解析： C。从作者在陌生城市因滑板社群找到接纳和认同，离开后失去这种感受，到多年后仍回去寻找那份连接，整篇文章始终围绕"归属感"展开，特别是"Safe"所承载的认同意义，从而传达出"儿童需要归属感"这一主题，故选C。

（二十五）2021年6月高考英语全国乙卷-阅读C篇

You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.

At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called "Strawpocalypse," a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.

In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明）a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled "Truckload of Plastic," Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped（倾倒）from a truck all at once.

Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.

28. What are Von Wong's artworks intended for?A. Beautifying the city he lives in.B. Introducing eco-friendly products.C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.D. Reducing garbage on the beach.

答案解析： C。根据第一段最后一句"He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products."及全文多处描述可知，Von Wong的作品旨在让人们正视塑料垃圾问题，引起公众对塑料废弃物的注意。故选C。

29. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.B. To explain why they are useful.C. To voice his views on modern art.D. To find a substitute for them.

答案解析： A。第三段明确指出塑料吸管"because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled"，接着说明吸管仅使用几分钟却需数百年才能降解，列举这些内容是为了说明塑料吸管回收的困难及其对环境的持久危害，从而支撑"一根吸管也很重要"的论点。故选A。

30. What effect would "Truckload of Plastic" have on viewers?A. Calming.B. Disturbing.C. Refreshing.D. Challenging.

答案解析： B。第四段介绍作品"Truckload of Plastic"展示了"每60秒就有一卡车塑料进入海洋"，并用一万多件塑料垃圾模拟从卡车上倾倒的场景。这种直观展现塑料污染规模的方式，容易给人带来不安、触目惊心的感受。故选B。

31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Artists' Opinions on Plastic SafetyB. Media Interest in Contemporary ArtC. Responsibility Demanded of Big CompaniesD. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures

答案解析： D。全文围绕Von Wong用塑料垃圾创作的"Strawpocalypse"和"Truckload of Plastic"等雕塑展开，核心是海洋塑料被转变成艺术品，从而警醒世人。故选D。

（二十六）2021年6月高考英语浙江卷-阅读C篇

If you ever get the impression that your dog can "tell" whether you look content or annoyed, you may be onto something. Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a new study.

Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images（图像）of the same person making either a happy or an angry face. During the training stage, each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower half of the person's face. The researchers then tested the dogs' ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the person's face on images totally different from the ones used in training.

The researchers found that the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses more often than one would expect by random chance. The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage.

"We can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures based on a simple cue, such as the sight of teeth," said study author Corsin Muller. "Instead, our results suggest that the successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes, and the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes."

"With our study, we think we can now confidently conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human facial expressions," Muller told Live Science.

At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans. "To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions," and this exposure has provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish between them, Muller said.

28. The new study focused on whether dogs can ________.A. distinguish shapesB. make sense of human facesC. feel happy or angryD. communicate with each other

答案解析： B。根据第一段中"Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces"可知，这项新研究关注的是狗能否区分人的开心和生气的面部表情，即理解人的面部表情。B项"make sense of human faces"（理解人的面部表情）与此相符。故选B。

29. What can we learn about the study from paragraph 2?A. Researchers tested the dogs in random order.B. Diverse methods were adopted during training.C. Pictures used in the two stages were different.D. The dogs were photographed before the test.

答案解析： C。根据第二段中"showing them the other half of the person's face on images totally different from the ones used in training"可知，测试阶段使用的图片与训练阶段完全不同，即两个阶段所用的图片不一样。故选C。

30. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. A suggestion for future studies.B. A possible reason for the study findings.C. A major limitation of the study.D. An explanation of the research method.

答案解析： B。最后一段首先指出目前尚不清楚狗为何具备这种能力，然后引用了研究者给出的最可能的解释，即狗与人类共同生活，得以大量接触人类表情，从而学会了区分。因此，该段主要是在阐述研究发现的一个可能原因。故选B。

（二十七）2021年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读C篇

Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees（黑猩猩）use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a "vocabulary" of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.

Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member. "That's what's so amazing about chimp gestures," she said. "They're the only thing that looks like human language in that respect."

Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animal's call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said.

Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signalling: "Climb on me." The youngster immediately jumps on to its mother's back and they travel off together.

"The big message from this study is that there is another species（物种）out there that is meaningful in its communication, so that's not unique to humans," said Dr Hobaiter.

Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were "a little disappointing". "The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions," she said. "Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains."

27. What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter?A. Memorizing specific words.B. Understanding complex information.C. Using voices to communicate.D. Communicating messages on purpose.

答案解析： D。根据第二段Dr Hobaiter所说的"only humans and chimps… had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member"（只有人类和黑猩猩拥有刻意向群体其他成员发送信息的沟通系统）可知，黑猩猩与人类的共同之处在于都会"有目的地传递信息"，即"Communicating messages on purpose"。故选D。

28. What did Dr Shultz think of the study?A. It was well designed but poorly conducted.B. It was a good try but the findings were limited.C. It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.D. It was a failure but the methods deserved praise.

答案解析： B。最后一段中Dr Shultz称这项研究"praiseworthy"（值得称赞），但同时说结果"a little disappointing"（有点令人失望），并指出手势含义模糊，没有超越其他动物的非语言交流。这表示她认可这是有益的尝试，但认为发现有限。选项B(It was a good try but the findings were limited)与此相符，故选B。

29. What does the underlined word "gulf" in the last paragraph mean?A. Difference.B. Conflict.C. Balance.D. Connection.

答案解析： A。最后一段中Dr Shultz指出黑猩猩手势的含义似乎并未超出其他动物通过非语言交流所能传达的内容，随后说"So, it seems the gulf remains"。结合上文讨论人类与动物在沟通上的差距可知，"gulf"在此处意为"差异、鸿沟"，与"difference"同义。故选A。

30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthroughB. Chimpanzees developed specific communication skillsC. Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdomD. Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated

答案解析： D。文章首句即点明"研究者翻译出了野生黑猩猩手势的含义"，随后全篇围绕这一翻译成果、意义及专家评价展开。选项D(Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated)准确概括了这一核心内容，是最佳标题。故选D。