Having collected massive real-life data from daily users, the AI system which can judge people’s emotional states through facial expressions will be widely applied in psychological counseling in the near future.✅修饰：which can judge people’s emotional states through facial expressions（修饰 the AI system）✅主干：the AI system will be widely applied in psychological counseling in the near future.✅翻译：在收集了大量来自普通用户的真实数据后，这套能够通过面部表情判断人类情绪状态的人工智能系统，将在不久之后被广泛应用于心理咨询领域。💡考点批注：🔴句首现在分词非谓语 Having collected作状语，表动作先后；🟡which 引导限制性定语从句修饰科技类名词 system，从句内部包含介词短语 through facial expressions；
第 2 句
When scientists test self-driving vehicles on complex city roads, they have to record every tiny change that appears during the whole running process so that hidden safety risks can be found in time.✅修饰：that appears during the whole running process（修饰 every tiny change）✅主干：they have to record every tiny change so that hidden safety risks can be found in time.✅翻译：当科研人员在复杂城市道路上测试自动驾驶车辆时，他们必须记录行驶全程出现的每一处细微变化，以便及时发现潜在的安全隐患。💡考点批注：🔴句首 When 引导时间状语从句，搭建句子背景；🟡that 引导定语从句修饰抽象名词 change，搭配介词短语作后置限定；🟢句尾 so that 引导目的状语从句。
第 3 句
To explore the unknown space far away from the earth, Chinese researchers have built a series of spacecraft that can finish long-distance missions without manual control.✅修饰：that can finish long-distance missions without manual control（修饰 spacecraft）✅主干：Chinese researchers have built a series of spacecraft.✅翻译：为探索远离地球的未知太空，中国科研人员打造了一系列无需人工操控就能完成长途任务的航天器。💡考点批注：🔴句首不定式非谓语 To explore作目的状语；🟡far away from the earth 介词短语前置修饰 space；🟢that 定语从句嵌套介词短语 without manual control。
二、自然科学 & 生态环境
第 4 句
If local residents keep throwing plastic waste into the coastal waters, the rare sea creatures that have lived in this bay for thousands of years will gradually lose their living habitats.✅修饰：that have lived in this bay for thousands of years（修饰 the rare sea creatures）✅主干：the rare sea creatures will gradually lose their living habitats.✅翻译：如果当地居民持续向近海海域倾倒塑料垃圾，已经在这片海湾生存数千年的珍稀海洋生物将会慢慢失去栖息家园。💡考点批注：🔴If 引导条件状语从句，构成 “主将从现” 经典时态结构；🟡that 引导定语从句，内部使用现在完成时 + 时间段介词短语；🟢主句为一般将来时。
第 5 句
Absorbing carbon dioxide in the air all year round, the large forests which cover the southern mountain areas play an important role in slowing down global warming.✅修饰：which cover the southern mountain areas（修饰 the large forests）✅主干：the large forests play an important role in slowing down global warming.✅翻译：全年持续吸收空气中二氧化碳、覆盖南部山区的大片森林，在减缓全球变暖进程中发挥着重要作用。💡考点批注：🔴开头现在分词非谓语 Absorbing 作伴随状语；🟡which 定语从句修饰事物名词 forests；🟢句尾固定介词短语 play a role in 后接动名词非谓语，双重非谓语叠加。
第 6 句
Many farmers choose solar power instead of coal burning because the clean energy that produces no pollution can greatly cut their long-term living costs.✅修饰：that produces no pollution（修饰 the clean energy）✅主干：Many farmers choose solar power instead of coal burning.✅翻译：很多农户选择太阳能而非燃煤，因为这种零污染的清洁能源能够大幅压缩他们长期的生活开支。💡考点批注：🔴because 引导原因状语从句，解释主句行为；🟡定语从句嵌套置于状语从句内部，形成从句套从句；🟢coal burning 动名词非谓语作介词宾语。
三、传统文化 & 人文社科
第 7 句
While more young people are keen on short online videos, some teenagers still stick to practicing calligraphy which has been regarded as a treasure of Chinese traditional culture for centuries.✅修饰：which has been regarded as a treasure of Chinese traditional culture for centuries（修饰 calligraphy）✅主干：some teenagers still stick to practicing calligraphy.✅翻译：尽管越来越多年轻人热衷于网络短视频，一部分青少年依旧坚持练习数百年来被视作中华传统文化瑰宝的书法。💡考点批注：🔴While 引导让步状语从句，表 “尽管”，区别于时间用法；🟡which 引导定语从句，搭配现在完成时被动语态；🟢practicing 动名词非谓语作介词宾语。
第 8 句
To let foreign audiences understand Chinese folk arts better, local artists hold regular exhibitions that show paper-cutting, clay sculpture and other intangible cultural heritage works.✅修饰：that show paper-cutting, clay sculpture and other intangible cultural heritage works（修饰 exhibitions）✅主干：local artists hold regular exhibitions.✅翻译：为让海外观众更好理解中国民间艺术，本土艺术家定期举办展览，展示剪纸、泥塑以及其他各类非物质文化遗产作品。💡考点批注：🔴句首不定式非谓语表目的；🟡that 限制性定语从句罗列多个并列名词；
第 9 句
The ancient villages where traditional customs have been well protected have become popular tourist attractions that attract thousands of visitors every year.
✅修饰①：where traditional customs have been well protected（修饰 ancient villages）
✅修饰②：that attract thousands of visitors every year（修饰 tourist attractions）
✅主干：The ancient villages have become popular tourist attractions.
