以下是2024年10月份自学考试英语真题第2️⃣部分的逐句详解。
如果你能将20套真题(也就是过去十年的真题)逐词逐句研读明白,然后把每道题都做对,下次考试70分以上绝对没问题。这也是我每天更新【逐句详解】的目的。逐词逐句研究明白的标准是:没有一个单词不认识,没有一个句子不明白,没有一道题目不正确。
完全读懂之后再去做题!完全读懂之后再去做题!完全读懂之后再去做题!我已经充分强调了,信不信由你。题干都看得稀里糊涂的情况下,稀里糊涂选个答案,实在没什么助益。稀里糊涂刷十遍,不会有什么提高。
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2024年10月高等教育自学考试英语(专升本)试题 课程代码:13000
伟大的祖母
1. When I was growing up, my parents took teaching jobs in a remote town, leaving me in the care of my grandmother.
在我成长的过程中,父母在偏远的镇上找了教书的工作,把我留给祖母照顾。
📚 语法分析
句式:时间状语从句 + 主句 + 现在分词作结果状语When I was growing up 时间状语从句(什么时候)
my parents 主语(谁)
took 谓语(做什么:从事)
teaching jobs 宾语(什么工作)
in a remote town 地点状语(在哪里)
leaving me in the care of my grandmother 现在分词作结果状语(导致什么结果)
✍️ 词组搭配
grow up长大take a job从事一份工作leave sb. in the care of...把某人托付给……照顾
2. Nanay, as we called her, did not hug or kiss children.
我们叫她“纳奈”,她不拥抱也不亲吻孩子。
📚 语法分析
句式:主语(含插入语)+ 谓语 + 宾语
Nanay 主语(谁)
as we called her
插入语(怎么称呼她)
did not hug or kiss
谓语(做什么:不拥抱也不亲吻)children 宾语(谁)
✍️ 词组搭配
as we called her我们这样称呼她
3. Her tongue was sharp and her words harsh.
她说话刻薄,言辞严厉。
📚 语法分析
句式:并列句,第二分句省略系动词
Her tongue 主语(什么)
was 系动词
sharp 表语(怎么样:尖刻)
and 并列连词
her words 主语(什么)
(were) harsh 表语(怎么样:严厉)
✍️ 词组搭配
sharp tongue 说话刻薄
💡 语序差异
第二分句省略系动词 were,中文需补出;
“sharp tongue”直译不通,需引申。
4. She was a tyrant, but she was there.
她是个独裁者,但她在我身边。
📚 语法分析
句式:并列句,转折连词连接
She 主语(谁)was 系动词a tyrant 表语(是什么)
but 转折连词she 主语(谁)was 系动词there 表语(在哪里,引申为“在身边”)
💡 语序差异
was there 根据语境译为“在我身边”,中文需将语义具体化。
5. As early as I could remember, Nanay had always been a part of my life.
从我记事起,纳奈就一直是我生活的一部分。
📚 语法分析
句式:时间状语从句 + 主句
As early as I could remember 时间状语从句(什么时候)
Nanay 主语(谁)had always been 系动词
a part of my life 表语(是什么)
✍️ 词组搭配
as early as I could remember从我记事起be a part of one's life成为某人生活的一部分
6. I believed grandmothers lived forever.
我曾相信祖母们是永生的。
📚 语法分析
句式:主语 + 谓语 + 宾语从句
I 主语(谁)
believed 谓语(做什么:相信)
grandmothers lived forever 宾语从句(相信的内容)
💡 语序差异
英文过去时 believed,中文用“曾相信”体现时间。
7. She taught me many lessons, though I often ignored them.
她教了我很多道理,尽管我常常充耳不闻。
📚 语法分析
句式:主句 + 让步状语从句
She 主语(谁)
taught 谓语(做什么:教)
me 间接宾语(谁)
many lessons 直接宾语(什么)
though I often ignored them 让步状语从句(尽管)
✍️ 词组搭配
teach sb. a lesson给某人教训/教道理
8. Nanay urged me never to accept second-best.
纳奈敦促我永远不要接受次好的。
📚 语法分析
句式:主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补
Nanay 主语(谁)
urged 谓语(做什么:敦促)
me 宾语(谁)
never to accept second-best 宾补(做什么)
✍️ 词组搭配
urge sb. to do sth.敦促某人做某事second-best次好的
9. For her, "good enough" was never enough, from the grades you bring home from school to the service you receive in restaurants.
对她来说,“足够好”永远不够好,从你带回家的学校成绩到你享受的餐厅服务。
📚 语法分析
句式:状语 + 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 + 举例范围状
For her 状语(对谁而言)
"good enough" 主语(什么)
was 系动词
never enough 表语(怎么样)
from the grades you bring home from school
to the service you receive in restaurants
范围状语(从……到……)
✍️ 词组搭配
good enough足够好from...to...从……到……bring home带回家
10. When I was 13, Nanay sent me to Manila to attend high school, and I stayed there for university.
我13岁时,纳奈送我去马尼拉上高中,后来我留在那里上大学。
📚 语法分析
句式:时间状语从句 + 并列主句
When I was 13 时间状语从句(什么时候)
Nanay 主语(谁)
sent 谓语(做什么:送)
me 宾语(谁)
to Manila 地点状语(去哪里)
to attend high school 目的状语(为什么)
and 并列连词
I 主语(谁)
stayed 谓语(做什么:留下)
there 地点状语(在那里)
for university 目的状语(为了上大学)
✍️ 词组搭配
send sb. to...送某人去……attend high school上高中
11. I came back each summer, but after I got married the visits became less frequent.
我每年夏天都回来,但结婚后,回去的次数变少了。
📚 语法分析
句式:并列句 + 转折连词 + 时间状语从句 + 主句
I 主语(谁)
came back 谓语(做什么:回来)
each summer 时间状语(什么时候)
but 转折连词
after I got married 时间状语从句(什么时候)
the visits 主语(什么)
became 系动词
less frequent 表语(怎么样)
✍️ 词组搭配
come back回来get married结婚
12. Soon all of her grandchildren had moved out.
很快,她所有的孙辈都搬出去了。
📚 语法分析
句式:状语 + 主语 + 谓语
Soon 时间状语(很快)
all of her grandchildren 主语(谁)
had moved out 谓语(做什么:已经搬出去)
✍️ 词组搭配
move out搬出去
13. Nanay was left on her own.
纳奈被独自留下了。
📚 语法分析
句式:主语 + 谓语(被动)+ 状语
Nanay 主语(谁)
was left 谓语(怎么样:被留下)
on her own 状语(怎样:独自)
✍️ 词组搭配
be left on one's own被独自留下
14. In her letters to me, she wrote of how lonely she was, but I never made the effort to spend more time with her.
她在给我的信里写到自己有多么孤独,但我从未努力多陪陪她。
📚 语法分析
句式:状语 + 主句 + 转折连词 + 并列分句
In her letters to me 地点状语(在哪里)
she 主语(谁)wrote of 谓语(做什么:写到)how lonely she was 宾语从句(写的内容)
but 转折连词
I 主语(谁)
never made the effort 谓语(做什么:从未努力)to spend more time with her 目的状语(为什么努力)
✍️ 词组搭配
write of...写到……make the effort to do sth.努力做某事spend time with sb.陪伴某人
15. Nanay died last year.
纳奈去年去世了。
📚 语法分析
句式:主语 + 谓语 + 时间状语
Nanay 主语(谁)
died 谓语(怎么样:去世)
last year 时间状语(什么时候)
16. She was 83.
她享年83岁。
📚 语法分析
句式:主语 + 系动词 + 表语
She 主语(谁)was 系动词83 表语(多大年纪)
💡 语序差异
英文直接说年龄,中文表达去世年龄时常用“享年”。
17. After the funeral, I went to our old house.
葬礼结束后,我去了我们的老房子。
📚 语法分析
句式:时间状语 + 主句
After the funeral 时间状语(什么时候)
I 主语(谁)
went to 谓语(做什么:去了)
our old house 宾语(哪里)
18. Grandmother had kept so many things from my childhood: the toys; the letters I wrote home in my high school and university years, either asking for more rice or thanking her for sending fruit.
祖母保留了我童年时那么多东西:玩具;我在高中和大学时期写给家里的信,要么是要更多米饭,要么是感谢她寄水果。
📚 语法分析
句式:主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 同位列举
Grandmother 主语(谁)
had kept 谓语(做什么:保留)so many things from my childhood 宾语(什么): the toys; the letters... 同位语(列举)
I wrote home 定语从句(修饰 letters)in my high school and university years 时间状语either asking for more rice
orthanking her for sending fruit
现在分词作定语(信的内容)
✍️ 词组搭配
keep things from...保留来自……的东西ask for...要……thank sb. for doing...感谢某人做某事either...or...要么……要么……
💡 语序差异
from my childhood 英文后置,中文前置为“童年时的”。
19. Photos of her grandchildren were on display in the living room.
她孙辈们的照片被展示在客厅里。
📚 语法分析
句式:主语 + 系动词 + 表语 + 地点状语Photos of her grandchildren 主语(什么)
were 系动词on display 表语(怎么样:被展示)in the living room 地点状语(在哪里)
✍️ 词组搭配
on display被展示,陈列
20. When I visited her grave and reflected on all her birthdays I had allowed to pass, I was filled with sorrow.
当我来到她的墓前,回想所有我任由它溜走的她的生日时,我内心充满了悲伤。
📚 语法分析
句式:时间状语从句 + 主句When I visited her grave and reflected on all her birthdays I had allowed to pass 时间状语从句
I 主语visited 谓语her grave 宾语and 并列
reflected on 谓语all her birthdays 宾语I had allowed to pass 定语从句,省略 that
I 主语was filled with 谓语(怎么样)sorrow 宾语
✍️ 词组搭配
visit one's grave扫墓reflect on...回想allow sth. to pass让……白白过去be filled with sorrow充满悲伤
💡 语序差异定语从句
I had allowed to pass 后置,中文前置。
21. I thought about all the stories she never got a chance to tell me, about her life, about the girl she once had been, about the town I left behind.
我想起了所有她没机会讲给我的故事,关于她的一生,关于她曾经是过的那个女孩,关于我离开的那座小镇。
📚 语法分析
句式:主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 多个后置定语
I 主语(谁)
thought about 谓语(做什么:回想)
all the stories 宾语(什么)she never got a chance to tell me 定语从句(修饰 stories)about her life,
about the girl she once had been,
about the town I left behind
并列后置定语(解释故事内容)
✍️ 词组搭配
think about...回想get a chance to do...有机会做……leave behind离开,留下
💡 语序差异
定语从句前置,并列介词短语 about... 后置,中文用“关于……”放在后面,语序相似。
22. It occurred to me that perhaps she did not tell me because I did not know how to ask.
我突然意识到,也许她没有告诉我,是因为我不知道如何去问。
📚 语法分析
句式:形式主语 + 谓语 + 真实主语从句
It 形式主语
occurred to 谓语(发生在某人脑海中)
me 宾语(谁)
that perhaps she did not tell me
because I did not know how to ask
真实主语从句
she did not tell me 主句because I did not know how to ask 原因状语从句
✍️ 词组搭配
It occurred to sb. that...某人突然想到……
💡 语序差异
It occurred to me that... 英文固定句式,中文需表达为“我突然意识到……”,语序重组。
语法分析不是必须的,看懂句子就行。如果养成了非要在脑子里分析语法才认为自己理解了句子的不良习惯,会严重影响考试发挥,因为考场上没时间让你分析。
上岸之后就不需要再背着船走了。
如有问题❤️欢迎反馈
关于我
本人曾经是老师口中的“学生混子”,高中辍学后从事过十多种工作。业余时间参加自学考试,先后取得了专科学历(南京师范大学)和本科学历(北京师范大学)。现在已从中国科学院大学取得哲学硕士学位数年。深知自考甘苦,所以想做点工作帮助到同路人。