高考英语“真题”高频词汇&部分超纲词汇
——"高频词汇""超纲词汇"整理汇总
一、前言

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近五年高考英语真题高频及超纲词汇 一、高频词汇(近5年复现3次以上)与例句 1. 核心高频动词 acquire(获得) Students need to acquirenot only knowledge but also critical thinking skills. 学生不仅需要获得知识,还需要掌握批判性思维技能。 adapt (适应) It took him months to adapt tothe new school environment. 他花了几个月才适应新学校环境。 appreciate (欣赏;感激) I deeply appreciateyour help during my difficult time. 我非常感谢你在我困难时期的帮助。 associate (联系) People often associate the color red with passion and energy. 人们常将红色与激情和活力联系在一起。 assume (假定;认为) We cannot assumethat everyone has access to the Internet. 我们不能假定每个人都有互联网接入。 contribute (贡献) Volunteering can contribute topersonal growth and community development. 志愿服务有助于个人成长和社区发展。 involve (涉及) The project will involvecooperation between different departments. 该项目将涉及不同部门间的合作。 promote (促进) The campaign aims to promoteenvironmental awareness among teenagers. 该活动旨在青少年中提升环保意识。 2. 高频核心名词 opportunity (机会) This internship provides an excellent opportunityto gain work experience. 这次实习提供了获得工作经验的绝佳机会。 challenge (挑战) Overcoming this difficulty will be a great challengefor the team. 克服这个困难对团队来说将是一个巨大的挑战。 responsibility (责任) Every citizen has the responsibilityto protect the environment. 每位公民都有责任保护环境。 solution (解决方案) They are working hard to find a solution tothe water pollution problem. 他们正努力寻找水污染问题的解决方案。 environment (环境) A positive learning environmentis crucial for students’ development. 积极的学习环境对学生发展至关重要。 consequence (后果) He didn’t consider the consequencesof his actions. 他没有考虑自己行为的后果。 creativity (创造力) The project encourages students to use their creativity. 该项目鼓励学生发挥创造力。 3. 阅读理解高频词 approach (方法) We need a new approach tosolving this problem. 我们需要一个新的方法来解决这个问题。 available (可获得的) This information is availableto the public online. 该信息可在线向公众获取。 benefit (益处) Regular exercise has many health benefits. 经常锻炼对健康有很多益处。 convenient (方便的) Online shopping is convenient and time-saving. 网上购物方便又省时。 advance (进步) Recent technological advanceshave changed our lives. 近期的技术进步改变了我们的生活。 consume (消耗) This appliance consumesa lot of electricity. 这个电器很耗电。 efficient (高效的) The new system is more efficientthan the old one. 新系统比旧的更高效。 preserve (保护) We must work to preservetraditional cultures. 我们必须努力保护传统文化。 sustainable (可持续的) The company is committed to sustainable development. 该公司致力于可持续发展。 transform (转变) The new technology will transform the way we communicate. 这项新技术将改变我们的交流方式。 4. 情感态度词 anxious (焦虑的) She felt anxious about the upcoming exam. 她对即将到来的考试感到焦虑。 considerate (体贴的) It was very considerateof you to help me. 你帮助我,真是体贴。 determined (坚定的) He is determinedto overcome all difficulties. 他决心克服一切困难。 grateful (感激的) I am very grateful for your support. 我非常感激你的支持。 modest (谦虚的) Despite his success, he remains modest. 尽管成功了,他依然很谦虚。 optimistic (乐观的) She is optimisticabout the future. 她对未来很乐观。 reluctant (不情愿的) He was reluctantto accept the invitation. 他不情愿地接受了邀请。 sympathetic (同情的) The teacher was sympathetic to the student’s situation. 老师对学生的处境表示同情。 5. 高频动词短语 account for (占…比例;解释) Renewable energy now accounts for 20% of our total power. 可再生能源现在占我们总电力的20%。 adapt to (适应) Animals must adapt to changes in their environment. 动物必须适应环境的变化。 break down (出故障;崩溃) My car broke down on the way to work. 我的车在上班路上抛锚了。 come across (偶然遇见) I came across an old friend in the supermarket. 我在超市偶遇了一位老朋友。 come up with (想出) He came up with a brilliant idea. 他想出了一个绝妙的主意。 carry out (执行) The scientists will carry out the experiment next week. 科学家们将在下周进行实验。 focus on (集中于) We need to focus on the most important tasks first. 我们需要先专注于最重要的任务。 put up with (忍受) I can’t put up with the noise any longer. 我再也受不了这噪音了。 take off (起飞;脱下;成功) The plane will take off in ten minutes. 飞机将在十分钟后起飞。 二、超纲词汇与例句 1. 生态环境类 species /ˈspiːʃiːz/ (物种) The giant panda is an endangered species. 大熊猫是濒危物种。 microplastics /ˈmaɪkrəʊplæstɪks/ (微塑料) Microplastics in the ocean harm marine life. 海洋中的微塑料危害海洋生物。 biodiversity /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/ (生物多样性) We should protect the biodiversity of the rainforest. 我们应该保护热带雨林的生物多样性。 habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ (栖息地) Pollution is destroying the natural habitat of many animals. 污染正在破坏许多动物的自然栖息地。 ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ (生态系统) Every creature plays a role in the ecosystem. 每种生物在生态系统中都扮演着角色。 greenhouse /ˈɡriːnhaʊs/ (温室) The greenhouse effect is causing global temperatures to rise. 温室效应导致全球气温上升。 2. 科技社会类 online /ˈɒnlaɪn/ (在线的) She found the information online. 她在网上找到了这个信息。 estimate /ˈestɪmeɪt/ (估计) Experts estimate the population will reach 10 billion by 2050. 专家估计到2050年人口将达到100亿。 global /ˈɡləʊbl/ (全球的) Climate change is a global issue. 气候变化是一个全球性问题。 device /dɪˈvaɪs/ (设备) This electronic device is very useful. 这个电子设备非常有用。 veterinarian /ˌvetərɪˈneəriən/ (兽医) The veterinarian is examining the sick dog. 兽医正在检查生病的狗。 nanotechnology /ˌnænəʊtekˈnɒlədʒi/ (纳米技术) Nanotechnology is used in many fields. 纳米技术应用于许多领域。 3. 学术研究类 observational /ˌɒbzəˈveɪʃənl/ (观察的) The study is based on observational data. 这项研究基于观察数据。 philosophy /fɪˈlɒsəfi/ (哲学) He is interested in Chinese philosophy. 他对中国哲学感兴趣。 accurate /ˈækjərət/ (准确的) The report provides accurate information. 这份报告提供了准确的信息。 researcher /rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/ (研究人员) The researcherpublished a paper. 研究员发表了一篇论文。 cognitive /ˈkɒɡnətɪv/ (认知的) Playing chess can improve cognitive abilities. 下棋可以提高认知能力。 coherent /kəʊˈhɪərənt/ (有条理的) Her argument is clear and coherent. 她的论点清晰且有逻辑。 4. 常考超纲词 adhere /ədˈhɪə(r)/ (黏附;遵守) We must adhere to the school rules. 我们必须遵守校规。 alert /əˈlɜːt/ (警告;警惕的) The sign alerts drivers to the sharp turn ahead. 这个标志警告司机前方有急转弯。 appliance /əˈplaɪəns/ (器具) Modern kitchen appliances save a lot of time. 现代厨房电器节省大量时间。 chronic /ˈkrɒnɪk/ (慢性的) He suffers from a chronicillness. 他患有慢性病。 compound /kəmˈpaʊnd/ (合成;混合) Water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen. 水是氢和氧的化合物。 dissolve /dɪˈzɒlv/ (溶解) Salt dissolves in water. 盐溶于水。 encounter /ɪnˈkaʊntə/ (遭遇) I encountered many difficulties during the project. 我在项目中遇到了很多困难。 enhance /ɪnˈhɑːns/ (提高) Reading can enhance your vocabulary. 阅读可以扩大你的词汇量。 三、熟词新义与例句 address - 熟义:地址;演讲 → 生义:处理/解决 The government is taking steps to address the issue of air pollution. 政府正在采取措施解决空气污染问题。 breakdown - 熟义:故障;垮掉 → 生义:细目分类;分析 The report includes a breakdown of expenses by category. 报告包含了按类别划分的费用明细。 green - 熟义:绿色的 → 生义:环保的 More and more companies are adopting green policies. 越来越多的公司正在采取环保政策。 subject - 熟义:科目 → 生义:研究对象;接受试验者 The subjects in the study were all teenagers. 这项研究的对象都是青少年。 staggering - 熟义:摇晃的 → 生义:令人震惊的 The cost of the project is staggering. 这个项目的成本高得惊人。 strike - 熟义:打击;罢工 → 生义:给…留下印象;让…觉得 What strikes me most is her kindness. 最让我印象深刻的是她的善良。 champion - 熟义:冠军 → 生义:支持;倡导 She has long championed the rights of children. 她长期致力于维护儿童权利。 account - 熟义:账户;账目 → 生义:解释;说明 He couldn't account for his absence. 他无法解释自己为何缺席。 |
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