北京市2024年中考英语真题(含答案)

2024年北京市初中学业水平考试

英语试卷

姓名______准考证号______考场号______座位号______

第一部分

一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分）

从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

（）1．My friends and I like sports. ______ often play basketball together after school.

A．WeB．IC．TheyD．You

（）2．The Chang’e-6 landed on the far side of the moon ______ June 2, 2024.

A．atB．onC．toD．in

（）3．— Bill, ______ I use your ruler?

— Of course you can. Here you are.

A．canB．mustC．needD．should

（）4．What a lovely reading room! It’s one of ______ in our school.

A．niceB．nicerC．nicestD．the nicest

（）5．— Lily, your new schoolbag is pretty. ______ did you buy it?

— In a store near my home.

A．HowB．WhereC．WhyD．When

（）6．—Hi, Mike! Would you like to go boating with me?

—— Yes, I’d love to, ______ I have to finish my science project first.

A．andB．orC．butD．for

（）7．—What did you do last Saturday, Tina?

—I ______ to the nursing home and worked as a volunteer there.

A．goB．wentC．will goD．was going

（）8．A lot of people in China ______ by high- speed train every year.

A．travelB．traveledC．will travelD．have traveled

（）9．—Amy, you didn’t answer my call yesterday evening. What were you doing?

—Sorry, I didn’t hear the ring. I ______ a book in my study.

A．am readingB．have readC．was readingD．will read

（）10．With the help of my teacher, I ______ much progress in English since last year.

A．am makingB．will makeC．was makingD．have made

（）11．Chinese ______ by more and more people around the world these days.

A．speaksB．spokeC．is spokenD．was spoken

（）12．—Tim, do you know ______ the art festival?

— Sure! Next Friday.

A．when did we holdB．when we heldC．when will we holdD．when we will hold

二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分）

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

Every summer, Serena spent two weeks at Green Farm’s horseback riding camp. Last year, Serena and her favorite horse Piper finished second in the obstacle course(障碍赛赛道) race.

“I can’t wait to ride Piper,” Serena told Rose, her coach. Rose smiled and said,“Sorry, but we need to save Piper for our newer   13  this year. She’s one of the best- behaved horses. How about you try riding Harley?”

Serena felt   14  and was a little scared(害怕的) at the sight of Harley, the tallest horse, but she stayed hopeful. As she was trying to ride Harley, he went up on his back legs, throwing Serena off. She landed on the hard ground, her eyes filled with tears.

“I’m scared of Harley, and he’s too hard to  15 ,” Serena told Rose.

“Harley is in a new place with a new person on his back,” Rose explained. “I’m sure he’s pretty scared, too. But if you trust him, he will trust you.”

Serena decided that it was time for a fresh  16 .“I know you’re afraid of me. We’re still strangers, and it’s up to me to make sure that we become friends,” she talked to Harley 17. After a while, Harley calmed (平静) down, and Serena realized that she was also feeling calmer. She then led Harley for a walk around thering so that he could get used to being with her and following her directions.

Soon, Serena and Harley made progress together as their confidence in each other  18. By the end of the first week, they had completed the obstacle course together.

On the final day of the camp was the bag race. Serena confidently climbed onto Harley. Harley,  19  the excitement of the day, ran through the course like a madman and easily won. The other horses were just no match for Harley.

Rose handed Serena the winner’s trophy with a wink(眨眼). Serena suddenly realized that Rose had wanted her to   20  herself to be a better rider, even though she would have had a nice time with Piper.

Serena gave Rose a hug and then took the trophy, and a carrot, over to Harley.

（）13．A．leadersB．ridersC．climbersD．drivers

（）14．A．stupidB．disappointedC．comfortableD．lucky

（）15．A．refuseB．raiseC．cheatD．control

（）16．A．answerB．memoryC．startD．topic

（）17．A．angrilyB．softlyC．curiouslyD．sadly

（）18．A．fellB．returnedC．grewD．remained

（）19．A．sensingB．breakingC．hidingD．spreading

（）20．A．adviseB．acceptC．chooseD．challenge

三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）

（一）阅读下列商店介绍，请根据人物需求匹配最适合的商店，并将商店所对应的选项（A、B、C、D）填在相应位置上。其中一个选项为多余选项。

A

Popular stores

（二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

B

The school year began. As president of the recycling club, Scott was thinking about new activities to encourage other students to become more enthusiastic(热心的) about recycling. His clubhad helped to recycle a lot of waste for the past five years and he hoped that this year they would doeven better.

Scott went home one day and looked online, hoping to find ideas for events the club could organize at school. During his research, he learned that the amount(数量) of electronic waste, or e-waste, is increasing rapidly. Scott was upset with himself for not noticing this problem sooner. At that moment, he began to develop a plan.

“There is a special project I want us to work on this term,” Scott announced(宣布) at the recycling club meeting the next day.“We have all heard about e- waste, but recently I learned about the bad effects it’s having on our environment.” He went on to tell the club members that he wanted them to organize an e-waste drive—a day when students and their families could drop off unwanted electronics to be recycled. “Now let’s get to work!”

Forseveral weeks, the recycling club was busy preparing for the upcoming e-waste drive, or e-drive as it was soon called.

The big day finally arrived, and Scott was nervous. He and the other members arrived at school early to make sure that everything would go smoothly. Everyone waited eagerly, hoping that students of the school would take part in the event.

It wasn’t long before the first cars pulled into the school parking lot. After a while, more people arrived. Phones, TV sets, computers and keyboards soon began piling up(堆积) .

At the end of the event, Scott heard someone suggest that the school should have an e-drive event every term. Scott smiled, realizing that a simple action could truly have a lasting influence.

（）24．What did Scott learn during his research online?

A．Students are enthusiastic about recycling.B．There is a lot of waste recycled every year.

C．The amount of e- waste is increasing rapidly.D．There are many recycling clubs in the country.

（）25．How did Scott feel at first on that big day?

A．Proud.B．Upset.C．Excited.D．Nervous.

（）26．What did Scott realize at the end of the e-drive event?

A．Environmental problems could be solved.B．A simple action could bring a long- term effect.

C．Teamwork is valuable for the success of events.D．Family members are interested in school activities.

C

Sam Hill is really bad at finding his way from place to place. The world is full of people like Hill—and their opposites, who always seem to know exactly where they are and how to get where they want to go. It has proved hard to explain why. However, with the development of technology, there’s new excitement happening in the research world.

An experiment was carried out in 2022 to find out what might influence wayfinding ability. Researchers developed an online game in which players travel by boat to find where a lot of checkpoints lie. The game asked players to provide basic background information , and nearly four million people worldwide did so. Through the game, the researchers were able to judge navigational(辨识方向的) ability by looking at how far each person traveled to reach all the cheekpoints. Then they compared players’ performance with their background information.

The researchers found that Northern Europeans seemed to be better navigations, perhaps because they love orienteering(定向越野), a sport which involves cross- country running and navigation. And those from cities with more disorganized street networks(网状系统) did better than those from cities with orderly ones. Perhapspeople of planned cities don’t need to build complex(复杂的) maps in their minds.

Research results like these suggest that people’s life experience decides how well they find their way. In fact, experience may even explain a popular belief that men are more likely to perform better than women. It turns out that this difference is more a question of culture and experience than of inborn ability. Northern Europeans, for example, show almost no gender(性别) difference in navigation. However, men do much better than women in places where women face cultural limits on exploring their environment on their own.

That finding is also supported by studies on the Tsimane, a community living in a forest in South America. Researchers put GPS units on 305 Tsimane people to check their daily movements over a three-day period, and found no difference between men and women in navigational ability. Even children performed very well—a result, researchers think, of growing up in an environment that encourages children to explore the forest.

（）27．Why was an experiment carried out in 2022?

A．To develop an online wayfinding game.

B．To improve the players’ wayfinding ability.

C．To pick out people who are weak in wayfinding.

D．To find out why people are different in wayfinding ability.

（）28．According to the passage, who is probably the best at finding their way?

A．A woman who often explores nature.

B．A girl who studies South American culture.

C．A man who runs on a sports ground every morning.

D．A boy who lives in a city with an orderly street network.

（）29．What can we learn from the passage?

A．Good navigators are mostly made, not born.

B．Navigation skills differ between the genders.

C．Navigation skills are passed down, never lost.

D．Good navigators bring developments in technology.

D

Almost everyone has experienced the feeling of discomfort when their actions do not agree with their inner values. A man, for example, values work- life balance yet works 80 hours every week, caring little about his own health and family. Another example is a boy who holds his parents’ love dear but gets angry at them in a moment of stress; or a woman who hopes to live healthily but gives in to the attraction of fast food during moments of weakness.

This disagreement can lead to serious results, such as worsening relationships, limited personal growth, and self-doubt. The emotional effects of feeling out of control and unable to live up to our own standards can also be deeply harmful. The shame and upset that go along with these feelings often force us into silence, resulting inmore self-doubt. One reason for this silence might be that admitting(承认) to these behaviors can feel like showing a weakness or mistake that society tells us should be kept hidden. What’s more, recognizing this disagreement requires coming face to face with uncomfortable truths about ourselves—a process that is as discouraging as it is necessary for growth.

Recognizing and addressing these behaviors can provide a possibility of change. By looking into the causes of our behaviors, we can begin to understand our actions more easily and work toward sticking to our beliefs. Research supports the idea that recognizing this disagreement, together with mindfulness and open communication, can help with this process. These methods help us slow down, reflect(反思), and choose behaviors that follow our values more closely, even in the face of old habits or immediate needs.

The key to dealing with this disagreement lies in compassion(同情) for ourselves and others. By developing a culture of openness and by understanding the challenges of aligning behaviors with beliefs, we can begin to break down what prevents us from having conversation and change. Admitting that this disagreement is a shared part of the human experience can enable us to speak openly, find support, and take necessary steps to- ward the agreement between our inner world and our actions.

While the disagreement between our inner values and actions may be common, through reflection, under-standing and purposeful practice, we can bridge the divide and set out on a journey of self-discovery.

（）30．Why does the writer use the examples in Paragraph 1?

A．To stress an unavoidable need.B．To show a result of the wrong values.

C．To describe a common human experience.D．To introduce a change in people’s relationships.

（）31．What does the word“aligning” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?

A．Matching.B．Comparing.C．Mixing.D．Confusing.

（）32．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with?

A．Discomfort forces us to give up our beliefs.

B．Our behaviors weaken our understandings of life.

C．Open communication makes it possible for us to change.

D．Keeping silent allows us time to live up to our standards.

（）33．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?

A．To encourage people to stay true to their beliefs.

B．To prove the importance of having the right values.

C．To compare different ways to deal with discomfort.

D．To discuss the influence of people’s improper actions.

第二部分

本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。

四、阅读表达（第34-36题每题2分，第37题4分，共10分）

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

Recently, I started to use an app to keep a record of my running. Each run I wanted to go a littlefarther, run a little faster and burn more calories(卡路里). Last night I finished an 8.3- km run in 46minutes and burnt 468 calories. In comparison, my run two days ago was 8.6 km in 46 minutes with483 calories burnt. This inner self-comparison left me feeling disappointed. I became so focused(专注的) on the numbers that I forgot to consider what I achieved.

These tiny differences in numbers kept me away from the bigger picture: how did I actually feel after completing my most recent run? Well, honestly, I was completely tired out. What good is running to beat your top score if you don’t feel on top?

We should exercise for the purpose of building our confidence. And working out harder and faster may serve that purpose. But confidence building comes with being able to do more in our day- to- day life, experiencing less pain and more freedom in movement, and feeling good after a workout. Fitness should help us with our quality (质量) of life, the ability to sleep, good memory, among other things. Fitness should not just come with the eagerness for the success in numbers.

In our busy lives, we only have limited time for fitness. When we do physical exercise, we should value what feels good over what looks or sounds good. Sometimes what serves us and our health is coming home and doing a light workout, like going on a short bike ride. Sometimes what serves us is simply going to sleep at 9:30p. m. instead of forcing ourselves into a workout. Apps of this kind are a great way for us to keep an eye on our health. But don’t read into the numbers to the point where you lose out on feeling proud that you are taking care of yourself. So my advice is: when you do physical exercise, make sure you feel good about yourself over feeling good about the numbers.

34．Why did the writer start to use the app?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

35．What did the writer forget to consider when he became too focused on the numbers?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

36．When you do physical exercise, which do you think is more important feeling good about yourself or feeling good about the numbers? Why? (Please give two reasons.)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

37．When you do physical exercise, which do you think is more important, feeling good about yourself or feeling good about the numbers? Why? (Please give two reasons.)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

五、文段表达（10分）

38．从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出真实的校名和姓名。

题目①

假设你是李华，你校英语社团将接待国外学生代表团来访，届时举办一次交流活动，为此在校内征集师生的建议。请你给英语社团公众号留言，提供一个交流活动设计并说明理由。

提示词语：visit, performance, make, opportunity, culture

内容提示：·What do you suggest for the activity?

·Why do you suggest doing that?

题目②

某英文网站正在开展以“记好友，叙友情”为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，介绍你最好的一位朋友，并记述你们之间一段难忘的经历。

提示词语: kind, helpful, encourage, practice, support

内容提示：·Who is your best friend? Please describe him/ her.

·Share an unforgettable experience you had with him/ her.

北京市2024年初中学业水平考试

第一部分

一、单项填空

1．A代词辨析。句意：我和我朋友都喜欢运动。______经常在放学后一起打篮球。根据前一句中的主语“My friends and I”可知，此处应用复数代词“we”作主语，表示“我们”经常一起打篮球。

2．B介词辨析。“June 2, 2024”表示具体某一天的日期，其前应用介词on。

3．A情态动词辨析。句意：Bill，我可以用你的尺子吗? 当然可以。给你。根据答语中的“Of course you can.”可知，此处表示请求使用别人的东西。can（请求允许）可以，符合句意。

4．D形容词的比较等级。句意：多么漂亮的阅览室啊！它是我们学校______之一。“one of+ the+形容词最高级”为固定用法，意为“最……之一”。

5．B疑问词辨析。句意：Lily，你的新书包很漂亮。你______买的它?在我家附近的一个商店里。根据答语“In a store near my home.”可知，此处询问在哪里买的书包。where在哪里，符合句意。

6．C连词辨析。句意：嗨，Mike！你愿意和我一起去划船吗? 是的，我愿意，______我必须先完成我的科学项目。根据句意可知，空格前后为转折关系。but但是，符合句意。

7．B动词的时态。根据问句中的“What did you do last Saturday”可知，此处是在回答上周六做了什么，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。

8．A动词的时态。句意：中国每年有很多人乘坐高铁出行。根据时间状语“every year”可知，本句应用一般现在时。

9．C动词的时态。句意：Amy，你昨天晚上没接我的电话。（当时）你在干什么?对不起，我没听到铃声。我当时正在书房里读书。根据“yesterday evening”和问句“What were you doing?”可知，此处是在描述过去某一时间正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。

10．D动词的时态。句意：在老师的帮助下，我自去年以来在英语方面取得了很大的进步。根据时间状语“since last year”可知，此处应用现在完成时。

11．C动词的时态和语态。句意：现在，全世界越来越多的人讲中文。分析句子结构可知，主语“Chinese”和动词speak之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除选项A、B；根据时间状语“these days”及句意可知，此处描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时。

12．D宾语从句。句意：Tim，你知道我们什么时候举办艺术节吗? 当然(知道)！下个星期五。分析句子结构并结合选项可知，此处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除选项A、C；根据答语中的“Next Friday.”可知，此处表示将来要发生的动作，时态应用一般将来时。

二、完形填空

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Serena参加了骑马夏令营，Rose教练没有让她骑原来一直在骑的马Piper，而是换成了高大的Harley。在教练的鼓励和她自己的努力下，Serena由最初的害怕紧张到后来变得自信满满，最终还和Harley一起赢得了奖杯的故事。

13．B名词辨析。根据下文中的“to be a better rider”及语境可知，此处表示要把Piper留给新的骑手。leader领导；rider骑手；climber登山者；driver司机。

14．B形容词辨析。根据上文中的“I can’t wait to ride Piper”、下文中的“was a little scared(害怕的) at the sight of Harley”及语境可知，Serena不能骑她想骑的马，因此感到失望。stupid愚蠢的；disappointed失望的；comfortable 舒服的；lucky幸运的。

15．D动词辨析。根据上文“As she was trying to ride Harley, he went up on his back legs, throwing Serena off.”及语境可知，当Serena试图骑到 Harley的背上时，Harley用后腿直立了起来，把Serena甩了下去，因此Serena觉得Harley很难控制。control控制，符合语境。

16．C名词辨析。根据下文中的“I know you’re afraid of me. We’re still strangers, and it’s up to me to make sure that we become friends”及语境可知，Serena决定重新开始。start开始符合语境。

17．B副词辨析。根据下文中的“Harley calmed(平静) down and Serena realized that she was also feeling calmer”及语境可知此处表示Serena温柔地对Harley说话，过了一会儿，Harley平静了下来。angrily生气地；softly温柔地；curiously好奇地；sadly伤心地。

18．C动词辨析。根据上文中的“Serena and Harley made progress together”及语境可知，Serena和Harley对彼此的信心都有所强。grow增加，符合语境。

19．A动词辨析。根据下文中的“ran through the course like madman and easily won”可知，此处表示Harley感受到了这天的兴奋，像疯了一样在赛道上狂奔。sense感觉到；break破；hide隐藏；spread传播。

20．D动词辨析。根据语境可知，Serena突然意识到Rose教了，之所以让她骑Harley，是希望她挑战自己，成为更好的骑手challenge挑战，符合语境。

三、阅读理解

（一）

A

【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四家受欢迎的商店。

【解析】

（二）

B

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。Scott是校回收俱乐部的主席，当Scott在网上寻找能够激发学生们对回收利用（废品）的热情的活动灵感时，他发现电子垃圾的数量正在迅速增加，因此，Scott制定了电子产品回收计划。文章主要介绍了该计划的执行过程以及它所产生的积极作用。

24．C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“During his research, he learned that the amount(数量) of electronic waste, or e-waste, is increasing rapidly.”可知，Scott了解到电子垃圾的数量正在迅速增加。

25．D细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“The big day finally arrived, and Scott was nervous.”可知，在重要的日子到来时，Scott很紧张。

26．B细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Scott smiled, realizing that a simple action could truly have a lasting influence.”可知，Scott意识到一个简单的举动可以产生持久的影响。

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。有的人是路痴，而有的人刚好相反，这是为什么呢?研究人员在2022年进行了一项相关实验，文章主要介绍了实验的有关情况及发现。

27．D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“An experiment was carried out in 2022 to find out what might influence way finding ability.”可知，2022年进行实验的目的是找出人们认路能力不同的原因。

28．A推理判断题。通读文章可知，文中并未提到学习某种文化或每天在运动场跑步会对一个人的认路能力产生影响，故排除B、C项：根据第三段第二句“And those from cities with more disorganized street networks(网状系统) did better than those from cities with orderly ones.”可知，那些来自城市街道系统混乱的人比那些来自城市街道系统有序的人在认路方面表现得更好，排除D项；根据第四段第一句“Research results like these suggest that people’s life experience decides how well they find their way.”可知，人们的生活经历决定了他们在认路方面的表现。结合最后一段最后一句可知，一个经常探索自然的女性可能更擅长认路。

29．A推理判断题。根据第四段第一（略）may even exptaina popular belief that men are more likely to perform better than women. It turns out that this difference is more a question of culture and experience than of inborn ability.”可知，事实上，经验甚至可以解释一种普遍的观点——男性比女性更有可能表现得更好。事实证明，这种差异与其说是天生的能力（问题），不如说是文化和经验的问题。由此推知，好的领航员大多是培养出来的，而不是天生的。

D

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了人们在生活中会遇到很多实际行动违背自己内心价值观的情况，这会让我们感到不舒服，甚至带来严重后果，但只要通过反思、理解和有目的的实践，我们就可以弥合这种分歧，踏上自我发现之旅。

30．C目的意图题。通读第一段可知，本段第一句提出了一个观点：几乎每个人都会经历实际行动违背内心价值观带来的不适感，下文列举了三个具体的例子。由此可推知，作者在第一段中举例子是为了具体描述这种普遍的人类经历。

31．A词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“By developing a culture of openness and by understanding the challenges of”及“we can begin to break down what prevents us from having conversation and change”可知，这里指通过发展一种开放的文化，通过理解使行为与信念(保持)一致的挑战，人们能够开始突破那些不利于我们进行对话和改变的障碍。上文一直在说行为与信念的“不一致”，由此可推知，此处的“挑战”应指使行为与信念(保持)一致。画线词应意为“使一致”，与A项意思相近。

32．C推理判断题。通读第三段尤其是第三句“Research supports the idea that recognizing this disagreement, together with mindfulness and open communication, can help with this process.”可知，作者认为意识到这种分歧，再加上保持警觉，进行坦诚的沟通，可以使人们发生改变。

33．A写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了人们在生活中会遇到很多实际行动违背内心价值观的情况，这会让我们感到不舒服，甚至带来严重后果，但只要通过反思、理解和有目的的实践，我们就可以弥合这种分歧，踏上自我发现之旅。由此可推知，作者写本文的目的是鼓励人们忠于自己的信仰，坚守本心。

第二部分

四、阅读表达

34．To keep a record of his running.

35．He forgot to consider what he achieved.

36．Building our confidence.

37．略

五、文段表达

38．题目①

审题：人称：第一、三人称为主时态：一般现在时为主

One possible version

(自我介绍) I’m Li Hua from Class 1, Grade 9. (介绍一个交流活动设计) For the foreign students visiting our school, I’d suggest a workshop on paper cutting. A teacher can first introduce its history and artistic value. Then we can help them to make paper cuttings. (说明理由) This activity will give them an opportunity to  have a try at a traditional Chinese art form. What’s more, when they take these paper cuttings back to their home country and give them to their families as gifts, more people there may enjoy the beauty of Chinese culture.

(表达愿望并致谢)I hope my idea can be considered. Thanks.

题目②

审题：人称：第一、三人称时态：一般过去时和一般现在时为主

One possible version

(引出主题) I’m glad to say something about my best friend. (介绍最好的朋友的情况) Her name is Alice. She is helpful and always has a sweet smile on her face. She is really good at dancing. (分享与朋友的一次难忘经历) Last term, there was a dancing festival in our school. We both signed up for it, but I was a little shy at first and afraid of dancing in front of a large crowd of people. She encouraged me a lot and helped me practice the moves. Together, we gave a very successful performance. (表达感受)I will never forget this experience.

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