这周三发布了UNIT 1 生态与濒危物种的5篇真题练习，以下是完整答案。建议先做完题再来核对，加粗单词即为填空处。

📝 完整答案

第1篇 | 老虎的领地行为

Tigers are solitary animals known for their territorial behavior; males use scent markings and vocalizations to define their territories. Each male(4) tiger establishes(11) control over(4) a large(5) territory spanning(8) several square(6) miles and(3) patrols the(3) area regularly(9) to look(4) for prey and maintain dominance. This behavior helps reduce conflicts over prey, but tigers are known to fiercely defend their territory from intruders when necessary. Often hunting at night, tigers use stealth and their excellent night vision to their advantage.

第2篇 | Spix’s Macaw 斯皮克斯金刚鹦鹉

The Spix’s Macaw, native to Brazil and famously known as the inspiration for the animated movie Rio, is critically endangered, with fewer than a hundred individuals remaining. The population(10) of this(4) vibrant blue(4) bird declined(8) because of(2) habitat loss(4) and illegal(7) trapping for(3) sale abroad(6), where private(7) collectors and pet stores spent large sums of money on the birds. Conservationists have initiated captive breeding programs and habitat restoration efforts to reintroduce the Spix’s Macaw into the wild, where it was officially declared extinct in 2019.

第3篇 | 保护生态学

Conservation ecology focuses on preserving biodiversity and protecting ecosystems from degradation. This discipline(10) involves studying(8) the interactions(12) between species(7) and their(5) environments to(2) develop strategies(10) for maintaining(11) ecological balance(7). Efforts include(7) habitat restoration, sustainable resource management, and the establishment of protected areas. Conservation ecologists work to mitigate the impacts of human activities such as deforestation, pollution, and climate change. Public awareness campaigns and policy advocacy are crucial components of conservation initiatives. By safeguarding natural habitats, conservation ecology aims to ensure the survival of diverse species and the health of the planet.

第4篇 | 珊瑚礁生态系统

Coral reefs are vibrant underwater ecosystems found in warm, shallow oceans around the world. Coral reefs are produced(8) by colonies(8) of tiny(4) animals called(6) coral polyps, which(5) secrete calcium carbonate to(2) build their(5) hard skeletons(9). These natural(7) formations provide(7) critical habitats for a diverse array of marine species, including fish, crustaceans, and mollusks. They also offer protection to coastal areas by reducing the impact of wave and storms. However, coral reefs are facing threats from climate change, pollution, and overfishing.

第5篇 | 平塔岛象龟

The Pinta Island tortoise, a subspecies of giant tortoise native to Ecuador’s Galápagos Islands, became extinct with the death of the last known individual, Lonesome George, in 2012. Pinta tortoises were known(5) for their(5) domed shells(6) and long(4) necks adapted(7) for feeding(7); they played(6) a crucial(7) role in(2) shaping vegetation(10) by grazing on plants and dispersing seeds. The extinction of this subspecies highlights the impact of human activity on isolated ecosystems. Invasive species and habitat destruction were significant factors contributing to its decline.

⚠️ 易错词速查

第1篇

establishes

/ɪˈstæblɪʃɪz/ v. 建立；确立（三单形式，注意-es结尾）

spanning

/ˈspænɪŋ/ v. 跨越（现在分词，注意双写n）

regularly

/ˈreɡjʊləli/ adv. 定期地（注意-ly常加在形容词后使词性变副词）

第2篇

population

/ˌpɒpjʊˈleɪʃn/ n. 种群；数量（生态语境中常指"种群"而非"人口"）

declined

/dɪˈklaɪnd/ v. 下降（过去式，注意-ed结尾）

illegal

/ɪˈliːɡl/ adj. 非法的（注意双写l）

第3篇

discipline

/ˈdɪsəplɪn/ n. 学科（⚠️ 熟词僻义：有学科也有规范、教导纪律意思）

interactions

/ˌɪntərˈækʃnz/ n. 相互作用（复数形式）

strategies

/ˈstrætədʒiz/ n. 策略（复数，注意-ies结尾）

第4篇

colonies

/ˈkɒləniz/ n. 群体（生态语境中指"群落"，注意-ies结尾）

skeletons

/ˈskelɪtnz/ n. 骨骼（复数，注意拼写）

produced

/prəˈdjuːst/ v. 产生（被动语态中常见）

第5篇

adapted

/əˈdæptɪd/ adj. 适应的（注意与adopt区分意思和拼写）

vegetation

/ˌvedʒɪˈteɪʃn/ n. 植被（10个字母，注意不要拼成vegitation）

crucial

/ˈkruːʃl/ adj. 至关重要的（注意-cial的拼写）

以上词汇均已收录在备考词汇册 UNIT 1 中，建议对照复习。

🚩下周三会更新UNIT 2 植物与生理适应