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动词时态变化多，三单过去加ing。
不定分词和被动，练熟中考乐呵呵。
一、先讲清楚：动词的几种常见形式
英语中，动词的形式随着时态、语态和句型而变化。中考重点考查以下几种形式：
· 动词原形（do）：用于一般现在时（主语非三单）、情态动词后、祈使句、不定式（to do）等。
· 第三人称单数（does）：一般现在时，主语是 he/she/it 或单数名词时，动词加 -s 或 -es。
· 过去式（did）：一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作。
· 过去分词（done）：用于现在完成时（have/has done）、被动语态（be done）。
· 现在分词（doing）：用于进行时（be doing）、作动名词、或表主动/进行。
· 不定式（to do）：表示目的、将来或固定搭配。特别注意“动词+宾语+to do”结构，如 teach sb to do, tell sb to do, ask sb to do。
· 被动语态（be done）：中考主要考查一般现在时被动（am/is/are done）、一般过去时被动（was/were done）和一般将来时的被动语态（will be done）
二、前测：热身填空（共8空）
读下面短文，根据语境用括号里动词的正确形式填空，每空一词。可能涉及原形、三单、过去式、过去分词、现在分词、不定式或被动语态。
My cousin Li Ming (1) ________ (get) up early every day. Last Sunday, he (2) ________ (wake) up at 6 a.m. His mother asked him (3) ________ (help) cook breakfast. While he (4) ________ (cut) vegetables, his father came in and said, “I (5) ________ (teach) you to ride a bike next weekend.” Li Ming (6) ________ (be) very happy because he (7) ________ (want) to learn cycling for a long time. So far, he (8) ________ (practice) balancing on an old bike twice. He believes he will succeed soon.
三、备考指导：最常考、最易错的动词形式
1. 六种必考时态
· 一般现在时：do / does。例：He works hard every day.
· 一般过去时：did。例：She went to Beijing last week.
· 一般将来时：will do。例：They will visit us tomorrow.
· 现在进行时：am/is/are doing。例：The children are playing football now.
· 过去进行时：was/were doing。例：I was reading when he came in.
· 现在完成时：have/has done。例：I have finished my homework already.
河北中考不考过去完成时（had done）和过去将来时（would do），以上六种必须熟练掌握。
2. 动词形式变化规则
第三人称单数（三单）
· 一般动词加 -s：work → works
· 以 s, x, sh, ch, o 结尾加 -es：watch → watches, do → does
· 辅音+y 变 y 为 i 加 -es：study → studies
过去式和过去分词（规则动词加 -ed）
· 一般动词加 -ed：play → played
· 以 e 结尾加 -d：live → lived
· 辅音+y 变 y 为 i 加 -ed：carry → carried
· 重读闭音节末尾一个辅音字母双写再加 -ed：stop → stopped
不规则动词（中考必背）
· do → did → done
· go → went → gone
· see → saw → seen
· eat → ate → eaten
· break → broke → broken
· write → wrote → written
· begin → began → begun
· take → took → taken
· give → gave → given
· wake → woke → woken
· ride → rode → ridden
· cut → cut → cut（不变）
现在分词（-ing形式）
· 一般加 -ing：work → working
· 以 e 结尾去 e 加 -ing：write → writing, wake → waking
· 重读闭音节双写末尾字母加 -ing：stop → stopping, begin → beginning
不定式（to + 动词原形）
· 表示目的、计划、固定搭配
· 动词+宾语+to do：teach sb to do, tell sb to do, ask sb to do, want sb to do
· 否定形式：tell sb not to do
3. 考场三个易错点
· 不规则动词记混：wake 的过去式是 woke，不是 waked；ride 的过去式是 rode，过去分词是 ridden。
· 现在完成时与一般过去时混淆：现在完成时强调对现在的影响，一般过去时只谈过去事实。
· 不定式否定形式写错：tell him don't go ❌ 应为 tell him not to go ✅
四、后测：实战短文填空（共8空）
读下面短文，根据语境用括号里动词的正确形式填空，每空一词。可能涉及原形、三单、过去式、过去分词、现在分词、不定式或被动语态。
Every morning, my sister (1) ________ (read) English for twenty minutes. Yesterday, she (2) ________ (read) an interesting story. While she (3) ________ (read), our mother told her (4) ________ (have) breakfast. My sister said, “I (5) ________ (finish) this page in a minute.” After breakfast, she went to school. On the way, she saw a wallet lying on the ground. She picked it up and decided (6) ________ (take) it to the teacher. The owner of the wallet (7) ________ (be) a student from Class 2. He thanked her. So far, my sister (8) ________ (help) several classmates find lost things. I am proud of her.
五、参考答案
前测答案
1. gets 2. woke 3. to help 4. was cutting 5. will teach 6. was 7. has wanted 8. has practiced
后测答案
1. reads 2. read 3. was reading 4. to have 5. will finish 6. to take 7. was 8. has helped
动词形式多变化，六种时态记心间。
天天练习不偷懒，中考考场笑开颜。
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