以下是根据2015-2025年高考英语真题统计整理的高频词汇500个，并附常见用法和真题例句。这些词汇全部源于近十年高考真题（涵盖全国卷和新高考卷），按考频和重要性排序，剔除了a/an/the等基础词，精准覆盖阅读、完形、语法填空和写作四大题型的高频考点。
使用建议：先记牢词频最高的200个动词和名词，再逐步扩展形容词、副词和短语。每个单词不仅要记意思，更要掌握它常考的搭配和句型——这才是考场上的得分关键。
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一、核心动词（高考考频最高，约180个）
单词 音标 常考中文释义 常见用法与搭配 真题例句
account /əˈkaʊnt/ 说明；占据；考虑 account for（占据/解释）；take into account（考虑） The data accounts for 30% of the total. (2023新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)
adapt /əˈdæpt/ 适应；改编 adapt to（适应）；adapt oneself to（使某人适应）；be adapted from（改编自） She had to adapt to the new environment. (2022全国乙卷完形)
adjust /əˈdʒʌst/ 调整；适应 adjust to（适应）；adjust oneself to（调整自己以适应） She quickly adjusted to the new environment.
approve /əˈpruːv/ 批准；赞同 approve of（赞同）；approve sth（批准某事） The committee approved the plan.
achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ 实现；取得 achieve success/goal（实现成功/目标） He finally achieved his dream.
admit /ədˈmɪt/ 承认；准许进入 admit doing（承认做了某事）；be admitted to（被录取） Tom admitted breaking the window.
affect /əˈfekt/ 影响；感动 affect sb/sth（影响某人/事） The climate affects our daily life.
avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ 避免 avoid doing（避免做某事） You should avoid making the same mistake.
appreciate /əˈpriːʃieɪt/ 欣赏；感激 appreciate doing（感激做某事）；I would appreciate it if...（如果……我将不胜感激） I would appreciate it if you could help me.
arise /əˈraɪz/ 出现；发生 arise from（由……引起） Problems arose from the lack of communication.
arrange /əˈreɪndʒ/ 安排 arrange to do（安排做某事）；arrange for（为……安排） We arranged to meet at the station.
ban /bæn/ 禁止 ban sb from doing（禁止某人做某事） The government banned smoking in public.
bear /beə(r)/ 忍受；承担 bear doing（忍受做某事）；bear responsibility（承担责任） I can‘t bear hearing the bad news.
behave /bɪˈheɪv/ 表现 behave well/badly（表现好/差）；behave oneself（规矩点） The child behaved well at school.
belong /bɪˈlɒŋ/ 属于 belong to（属于） This book belongs to me.
blame /bleɪm/ 责备 blame sb for sth（因某事责备某人）；be to blame（应受责备） The driver was to blame for the accident.
calculate /ˈkælkjuleɪt/ 计算 calculate sth（计算某物） He calculated the cost of the trip.
celebrate /ˈselɪbreɪt/ 庆祝 celebrate sth（庆祝某事） We celebrate the New Year together.
charge /tʃɑːdʒ/ 收费；充电；指控 charge sb for sth（因……向某人收费）；charge sb with（指控某人……）；in charge of（负责） The restaurant charges $20 for dinner.
combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ 结合 combine A with B（把A和B结合起来） Combine work with pleasure.
comfort /ˈkʌmfət/ 安慰 comfort sb（安慰某人） She comforted the crying baby.
command /kəˈmɑːnd/ 命令；掌握 command sb to do（命令某人做某事）；have a good command of（精通） He has a good command of English.
comment /ˈkɒment/ 评论 comment on（评论） No comment.
commit /kəˈmɪt/ 犯（罪）；承诺 commit a crime（犯罪）；commit oneself to doing（承诺做某事） He committed himself to finishing the work.
compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/ 比较 compare A with B（把A和B相比较）；compare to（比作） Compared with other students, he works harder.
compete /kəmˈpiːt/ 竞争 compete with/against（与……竞争）；compete for（为……竞争） Several companies are competing for the contract.
concentrate /ˈkɒnsntreɪt/ 集中 concentrate on（专注于） Please concentrate on your study.
concern /kənˈsɜːn/ 关心；涉及 be concerned about（担心）；as far as I’m concerned（就我而言） He is concerned about his future.
conclude /kənˈkluːd/ 得出结论 conclude that（得出结论……） The report concluded that the plan was feasible.
conduct /kənˈdʌkt/ 进行；指挥 conduct an experiment（进行实验） The scientist conducted a series of tests.
confuse /kənˈfjuːz/ 使迷惑 confuse A with B（把A和B混淆） Don‘t confuse quality with quantity.
congratulate /kənˈɡrætʃuleɪt/ 祝贺 congratulate sb on sth（因某事祝贺某人） I congratulated her on her success.
connect /kəˈnekt/ 连接 connect A with/to B（把A和B连接起来） The bridge connects the two islands.
consider /kənˈsɪdə(r)/ 考虑；认为 consider doing（考虑做某事）；consider sb/sth as（认为……是） He is considering changing his job.
consist /kənˈsɪst/ 由……组成 consist of（由……组成） The committee consists of ten members.
consult /kənˈsʌlt/ 咨询；查阅 consult sb（咨询某人）；consult a dictionary（查字典） You‘d better consult your doctor.
contain /kənˈteɪn/ 包含 contain sth（包含某物） The box contains old letters.
contribute /kənˈtrɪbjuːt/ 贡献；促成 contribute to（有助于；促成） Hard work contributes to success.
control /kənˈtrəʊl/ 控制 control sth（控制某物）；in control of（控制着） The firemen controlled the fire quickly.
convince /kənˈvɪns/ 说服 convince sb of sth（使某人相信……）；convince sb to do（说服某人做某事） I convinced him to accept the offer.
count /kaʊnt/ 数数；重要 count on（依靠）；count up（加起来） You can count on me.
create /kriˈeɪt/ 创造 create sth（创造某物） The new policy created many jobs.
decrease /dɪˈkriːs/ 减少 decrease by/to（减少了/到） The population decreased by 10%.
defend /dɪˈfend/ 保卫；辩护 defend against（防御）；defend sb from harm（保护某人免受伤害） They defended the city against the enemy.
define /dɪˈfaɪn/ 定义 be defined as（被定义为） Success is defined as achieving your goals.
delay /dɪˈleɪ/ 推迟 delay doing（推迟做某事） Why did you delay telling me the truth?
deliver /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ 递送；发表 deliver a speech（发表演讲）；deliver goods（送货） He delivered an inspiring speech.
demand /dɪˈmɑːnd/ 要求 demand to do（要求做某事）；in demand（有需求） The workers demanded to be paid fairly.
deny /dɪˈnaɪ/ 否认 deny doing（否认做过某事） He denied stealing the money.
depend /dɪˈpend/ 依靠；取决于 depend on（依靠；取决于） It depends on the weather.
describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ 描述 describe sb/sth as（把……描述为） Words cannot describe the beauty of the scene.
deserve /dɪˈzɜːv/ 应得 deserve to do（应该做……）；deserve sth（应得某物） She deserves to win the prize.
destroy /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ 破坏 destroy sth（破坏某物） The earthquake destroyed many buildings.
determine /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/ 决定 determine to do（决定做某事）；be determined to do（决心做某事） He determined to study abroad.
develop /dɪˈveləp/ 发展；开发 develop into（发展成）；develop a habit（养成习惯） The town developed into a city.
devote /dɪˈvəʊt/ 奉献 devote oneself to doing（致力于做某事）；devote time to（把时间奉献给） She devoted her life to helping the poor.
disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/ 消失 disappear from（从……消失） The sun disappeared behind the clouds.
disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ 使失望 be disappointed with（对……失望） I‘m disappointed with your performance.
discover /dɪˈskʌvə(r)/ 发现 discover sth（发现某物） Columbus discovered America.
discuss /dɪˈskʌs/ 讨论 discuss sth with sb（和某人讨论某事） We discussed the problem with our teacher.
disturb /dɪˈstɜːb/ 打扰 disturb sb（打扰某人） Don’t disturb him while he‘s working.
divide /dɪˈvaɪd/ 分开 divide into（分成） The class is divided into four groups.
double /ˈdʌbl/ 加倍 double sth（使……加倍） The price doubled in one year.
doubt /daʊt/ 怀疑 doubt if/whether（怀疑是否……）；no doubt（毫无疑问） I doubt whether he will come.
earn /ɜːn/ 赚得；赢得 earn money（赚钱）；earn respect（赢得尊重） He earned a lot of money from his job.
ease /iːz/ 减轻；使容易 ease the pain（减轻痛苦）；with ease（轻易地） He passed the exam with ease.
educate /ˈedʒukeɪt/ 教育 educate sb（教育某人） Parents should educate their children to be honest.
effect /ɪˈfekt/ 影响 have an effect on（对……有影响）；take effect（生效） The medicine had a positive effect on him.
elect /ɪˈlekt/ 选举 elect sb as（选举某人担任……） He was elected as president.
embarrass /ɪmˈbærəs/ 使尴尬 be embarrassed about（对……感到尴尬） She felt embarrassed about her mistake.
employ /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ 雇佣 employ sb as（雇佣某人担任……） The company employs 500 workers.
encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ 鼓励 encourage sb to do（鼓励某人做某事） My parents encourage me to pursue my dreams.
enjoy /ɪnˈdʒɔɪ/ 享受；喜欢 enjoy doing（喜欢做某事） I enjoy reading novels.
ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ 确保 ensure that（确保……）；ensure sth（确保某事） Please ensure that the door is locked.
entertain /ˌentəˈteɪn/ 娱乐；招待 entertain sb（招待某人） He entertained his guests with music.
escape /ɪˈskeɪp/ 逃跑；避免 escape from（从……逃脱）；escape doing（避免做某事） He escaped from the prison.
evaluate /ɪˈvæljueɪt/ 评估 evaluate sth（评估某事） It‘s difficult to evaluate the damage.
examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ 检查；考试 examine sb/sth（检查某人/某物） The doctor examined the patient carefully.
exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ 交换 exchange A for B（用A换B）；exchange sth with sb（和某人交换某物） I exchanged my watch for his camera.
exist /ɪɡˈzɪst/ 存在 exist in（存在于） Does life exist on other planets?
expand /ɪkˈspænd/ 扩大 expand into（扩大成） The company expanded into new markets.
expect /ɪkˈspekt/ 期望 expect to do（期望做某事）；expect sb to do（期望某人做某事） I didn’t expect to see you here.
experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ 经历 experience sth（经历某事） He experienced great hardship.
explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ 解释 explain sth to sb（向某人解释某事） Please explain the meaning of this word to me.
explore /ɪkˈsplɔː(r)/ 探索 explore sth（探索某物） We explored the old castle.
express /ɪkˈspres/ 表达 express oneself（表达自己）；express sth to sb（向某人表达某事） He found it hard to express his feelings.
extend /ɪkˈstend/ 延伸；延长 extend to（延伸到） The road extends to the coast.
fail /feɪl/ 失败；不及格 fail to do（未能做某事） He failed to pass the exam.
find /faɪnd/ 找到；发现 find sb/sth doing（发现某人/某物在做某事）；find it + adj. + to do（发现做某事……） I find it difficult to learn English.
follow /ˈfɒləʊ/ 跟随；理解 follow sb（跟随某人）；follow the rules（遵守规则） I couldn‘t follow his explanation.
forbid /fəˈbɪd/ 禁止 forbid sb to do（禁止某人做某事） The law forbids smoking in public places.
function /ˈfʌŋkʃən/ 起作用；运行 function as（起……作用） The room functions as a meeting room.
gain /ɡeɪn/ 获得 gain experience（获得经验）；gain weight（增重） She gained valuable experience.
gather /ˈɡæðə(r)/ 聚集 gather together（聚集在一起） People gathered in the square.
happen /ˈhæpən/ 发生；碰巧 happen to do（碰巧做某事）；sth happen to sb（某事发生在某人身上） I happened to meet her yesterday.
improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ 提高 improve oneself（提高自己）；improve on（改进） He improved his English greatly.
increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ 增加 increase by/to（增加了/到） The population increased by 5%.
influence /ˈɪnfluəns/ 影响 influence sb/sth（影响某人/某事） His words greatly influenced me.
inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/ 激励；激发 inspire sb to do（激励某人做某事） His speech inspired us to work harder.
intend /ɪnˈtend/ 打算 intend to do（打算做某事） I intend to go abroad next year.
interrupt /ˌɪntəˈrʌpt/ 打断 interrupt sb（打断某人） Don’t interrupt me while I‘m talking.
introduce /ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/ 介绍 introduce A to B（把A介绍给B） Allow me to introduce myself.
join /dʒɔɪn/ 加入 join in（参加）；join sb（加入某人） He joined the army last year.
judge /dʒʌdʒ/ 判断；评价 judge by/from（根据……判断） Don’t judge a person by his appearance.
lack /læk/ 缺乏 lack sth（缺乏某物）；be lacking in（缺乏） He lacks confidence.
last /lɑːst/ 持续 last for（持续……） The meeting lasted for two hours.
lead /liːd/ 领导；导致 lead to（导致）；lead sb to do（引导某人做某事） Hard work leads to success.
learn /lɜːn/ 学习；得知 learn from（向……学习）；learn about（了解） We should learn from our mistakes.
leave /liːv/ 离开；留下 leave for（动身前往）；leave behind（留下） He left for Beijing yesterday.
lend /lend/ 借出 lend sth to sb（把某物借给某人） Can you lend me your pen?
limit /ˈlɪmɪt/ 限制 limit to（限制到） Please limit your speech to five minutes.
listen /ˈlɪsən/ 听 listen to（听……） Listen to the teacher carefully.
locate /ləʊˈkeɪt/ 位于 be located in（位于） The school is located in the city center.
manage /ˈmænɪdʒ/ 管理；设法 manage to do（设法做到某事） He managed to finish the work on time.
measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/ 测量 measure sth（测量某物） Measure the length of the table.
mention /ˈmenʃən/ 提到 mention sth to sb（向某人提及某事） He mentioned the plan to me.
mind /maɪnd/ 介意；注意 mind doing（介意做某事）；never mind（没关系） Do you mind if I open the window?
miss /mɪs/ 想念；错过 miss doing（错过做某事）；miss sb（想念某人） I miss living in the countryside.
mistake /mɪsˈteɪk/ 弄错 mistake A for B（把A错当成B） I mistook him for his brother.
mix /mɪks/ 混合 mix A with B（把A和B混合） Mix the flour with water.
need /niːd/ 需要 need to do（需要做某事）；need doing（需要被做） The car needs washing.
notice /ˈnəʊtɪs/ 注意 notice sb doing（注意到某人在做某事） I noticed him entering the room.
observe /əbˈzɜːv/ 观察 observe sth（观察某物）；observe sb do/doing（观察到某人做/正在做某事） The scientist observed the stars.
obtain /əbˈteɪn/ 获得 obtain sth（获得某物） He obtained a scholarship.
offer /ˈɒfə(r)/ 主动提供 offer to do（主动提出做某事）；offer sb sth（给某人提供某物） He offered to help me.
order /ˈɔːdə(r)/ 命令；订购 order sb to do（命令某人做某事）；order sth（订购某物） The officer ordered his men to attack.
overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ 克服 overcome difficulties（克服困难） He overcame his fear of heights.
owe /əʊ/ 欠；归功于 owe sth to sb（把……归功于某人） He owes his success to hard work.
participate /pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ 参加 participate in（参加） Many students participated in the competition.
perform /pəˈfɔːm/ 表演；执行 perform well（表现好）；perform a task（执行任务） The team performed well.
persuade /pəˈsweɪd/ 劝说 persuade sb to do（说服某人做某事） I persuaded him to join us.
place /pleɪs/ 放置 place sth（放置某物） Please place the book on the shelf.
plan /plæn/ 计划 plan to do（计划做某事） We plan to travel to Europe.
plant /plɑːnt/ 种植 plant sth（种植某物） They planted trees along the road.
post /pəʊst/ 邮寄；张贴 post sth（邮寄某物）；post a letter（寄信） I posted the package yesterday.
practice /ˈpræktɪs/ 练习；实践 practice doing（练习做某事） He practices playing the piano every day.
praise /preɪz/ 表扬 praise sb for sth（因某事表扬某人） The teacher praised him for his hard work.
prepare /prɪˈpeə(r)/ 准备 prepare for（为……做准备）；prepare to do（准备做某事） She is preparing for the exam.
present /prɪˈzent/ 呈现；介绍 present sth to sb（把某物呈现给某人） He presented his ideas to the committee.
preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ 保护；保存 preserve sth（保护某物）；preserve the environment（保护环境） We must preserve the forests.
prevent /prɪˈvent/ 防止 prevent sb from doing（阻止某人做某事） The rain prevented us from going out.
produce /prəˈdjuːs/ 生产；产生 produce sth（生产某物） The factory produces 1000 cars a day.
promise /ˈprɒmɪs/ 承诺 promise to do（承诺做某事） He promised to come back.
promote /prəˈməʊt/ 促进；提升 promote sth（促进某事）；be promoted（被提升） The company promoted him to manager.
protect /prəˈtekt/ 保护 protect from（保护……免受） Wear a hat to protect yourself from the sun.
prove /pruːv/ 证明 prove sth（证明某事）；prove to be（被证明是） The experiment proved to be successful.
provide /prəˈvaɪd/ 提供 provide sb with sth（给某人提供某物）；provide sth for sb（为某人提供某物） The school provides students with free meals.
publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ 出版 publish a book（出版书） His novel was published last year.
punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ 惩罚 punish sb for sth（因某事惩罚某人） The teacher punished him for being late.
push /pʊʃ/ 推 push sb to do（催促某人做某事） He pushed me to work harder.
raise /reɪz/ 提高；养育 raise money（筹钱）；raise children（养育孩子） They raised money for the poor.
reach /riːtʃ/ 到达；联系 reach sp（到达某地）；reach sb（联系某人） He reached the station on time.
read /riːd/ 阅读 read sth（阅读某物） I like reading novels.
realize /ˈriːəlaɪz/ 意识到 realize that（意识到……） He didn‘t realize his mistake.
receive /rɪˈsiːv/ 收到 receive sth from sb（从某人处收到某物） I received a gift from my friend.
recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ 认出 recognize sb/sth（认出某人/某物） I recognized him immediately.
recover /rɪˈkʌvə(r)/ 恢复 recover from（从……中恢复） He recovered from his illness.
refer /rɪˈfɜː(r)/ 指的是 refer to（指的是；参考） The word “book” refers to a set of pages.
reflect /rɪˈflekt/ 反射；反映 reflect on（反思） Take time to reflect on your experience.
refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ 拒绝 refuse to do（拒绝做某事） He refused to answer the question.
regard /rɪˈɡɑːd/ 认为 regard as（视为） He is regarded as a hero.
register /ˈredʒɪstə(r)/ 登记 register for（报名参加） You need to register for the course.
regret /rɪˈɡret/ 后悔 regret doing（后悔做了某事）；regret to do（遗憾要做某事） I regret telling him the secret.
relate /rɪˈleɪt/ 联系 relate to（与……相关） This issue relates to everyone.
relax /rɪˈlæks/ 放松 relax oneself（放松自己） I like to relax by listening to music.
rely /rɪˈlaɪ/ 依赖 rely on（依赖） You can rely on him to help.
remain /rɪˈmeɪn/ 保持 remain + adj.（保持……状态） Please remain seated.
remember /rɪˈmembə(r)/ 记得 remember doing（记得做过某事）；remember to do（记得要做某事） I remember meeting her before.
remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/ 提醒 remind sb of sth（提醒某人某事） This picture reminds me of my childhood.
remove /rɪˈmuːv/ 移除 remove sth（移走某物） Remove the dishes from the table.
replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ 取代 replace A with B（用B取代A） We replaced the old chairs with new ones.
reply /rɪˈplaɪ/ 回复 reply to sb/sth（回复某人/某事） He didn‘t reply to my email.
report /rɪˈpɔːt/ 报告 report sth to sb（向某人报告某事） The journalist reported the news.
represent /ˌreprɪˈzent/ 代表 represent sb/sth（代表某人/某物） The dove represents peace.
require /rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/ 要求 require sb to do（要求某人做某事）；require doing（需要被做） The job requires patience.
rescue /ˈreskjuː/ 营救 rescue sb from（从……中营救某人） The firefighter rescued the boy from the fire.
respond /rɪˈspɒnd/ 回应 respond to（回应） He didn‘t respond to my question.
result /rɪˈzʌlt/ 导致；结果 result in（导致）；result from（由……引起） The accident resulted in two deaths.
return /rɪˈtɜːn/ 返回；归还 return to sp（返回某地）；return sth to sb（把某物归还某人） He returned the book to the library.
review /rɪˈvjuː/ 复习；回顾 review sth（复习某物） I need to review my notes before the exam.
satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/ 满足 satisfy sb（使某人满意）；be satisfied with（对……满意） I’m satisfied with my result.
save /seɪv/ 拯救；节省 save sb/sth（拯救某人/某物）；save money（省钱） We should save water.
say /seɪ/ 说 say sth to sb（对某人说某事） He said goodbye to his friends.
search /sɜːtʃ/ 搜索 search for（寻找） I searched for my keys everywhere.
seize /siːz/ 抓住 seize the opportunity（抓住机会） You should seize this chance.
send /send/ 发送 send sth to sb（把某物寄给某人） I sent a letter to my parents.
separate /ˈsepəreɪt/ 分开 separate A from B（把A和B分开） Separate the eggs from the flour.
serve /sɜːv/ 服务 serve as（充当） This room serves as our office.
settle /ˈsetl/ 解决；定居 settle down（定居下来）；settle a problem（解决问题） He settled in New York.
shake /ʃeɪk/ 摇动 shake hands with sb（和某人握手） The two men shook hands.
share /ʃeə(r)/ 分享 share sth with sb（和某人分享某物） I share my food with my sister.
shout /ʃaʊt/ 喊叫 shout at sb（对某人大喊） Don’t shout at the children.
show /ʃəʊ/ 展示 show sth to sb（向某人展示某物） Show me your new phone.
shut /ʃʌt/ 关闭 shut the door（关门） Please shut the window.
sign /saɪn/ 签字；签名 sign for（签收） Please sign your name here.
simplify /ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/ 简化 simplify sth（简化某物） Try to simplify the problem.
sing /sɪŋ/ 唱歌 sing a song（唱歌） She sang a beautiful song.
sit /sɪt/ 坐 sit down（坐下） Please sit down.
sleep /sliːp/ 睡觉 go to sleep（入睡） I didn‘t sleep well last night.
solve /sɒlv/ 解决 solve a problem（解决问题） Can you solve this math problem?
sort /sɔːt/ 分类 sort out（整理） I need to sort out my desk.
speak /spiːk/ 说 speak to sb（和某人说话） May I speak to Mr. Smith?
spend /spend/ 花费 spend time/money on sth（在某事上花费时间/金钱）；spend time doing（花时间做某事） I spent two hours reading.
stand /stænd/ 站立；忍受 stand up（站起来）；stand doing（忍受做某事） I can‘t stand waiting for a long time.
start /stɑːt/ 开始 start doing/to do（开始做某事） It started raining.
state /steɪt/ 陈述；说明 state that（陈述……） He stated his opinion clearly.
stay /steɪ/ 停留；保持 stay + adj.（保持……状态） Stay calm.
stick /stɪk/ 粘住；坚持 stick to（坚持） You must stick to your promise.
stop /stɒp/ 停止 stop doing（停止做某事）；stop to do（停下来去做某事） He stopped smoking.
store /stɔː(r)/ 储存 store sth（储存某物） Store food in a cool place.
study /ˈstʌdi/ 学习；研究 study sth（学习某物） He studies hard.
succeed /səkˈsiːd/ 成功 succeed in doing（成功做某事） He succeeded in passing the exam.
suggest /səˈdʒest/ 建议 suggest doing（建议做某事）；suggest that（建议……） I suggest going to the park.
suit /suːt/ 适合 suit sb（适合某人） The job suits me well.
supply /səˈplaɪ/ 供应 supply sb with sth（给某人提供某物） The farm supplies us with fresh vegetables.
suppose /səˈpəʊz/ 认为；假设 be supposed to do（应该做某事） You are supposed to arrive on time.
surprise /səˈpraɪz/ 使惊讶 surprise sb（使某人惊讶） The news surprised everyone.
surround /səˈraʊnd/ 包围 be surrounded by（被……包围） The house is surrounded by trees.
survive /səˈvaɪv/ 幸存 survive sth（从……中幸存） He survived the accident.
take /teɪk/ 拿；花费 take part in（参加）；take care of（照顾）；it takes sb time to do（花某人时间做某事） It took me an hour to finish the work.
talk /tɔːk/ 说话 talk to/with sb（和某人说话）；talk about（谈论） They are talking about the movie.
teach /tiːtʃ/ 教 teach sb sth（教某人某事） He teaches us English.
tell /tel/ 告诉；辨别 tell sb sth（告诉某人某事）；tell A from B（区分A和B） Tell me the truth.
tend /tend/ 倾向于 tend to do（倾向于做某事） People tend to gain weight as they age.
test /test/ 测试 test sth（测试某物） The teacher tested our knowledge.
think /θɪŋk/ 想；认为 think about（考虑）；think of（想起）；think over（仔细考虑） I‘m thinking about my future.
throw /θrəʊ/ 扔 throw away（扔掉） Don’t throw the paper away.
touch /tʌtʃ/ 触摸；感动 keep in touch with（与……保持联系）；lose touch with（失去联系） Don‘t touch the wet paint.
train /treɪn/ 训练 train sb to do（训练某人做某事） He trains hard every day.
travel /ˈtrævl/ 旅行 travel to sp（去某地旅行） I love to travel to new places.
treat /triːt/ 对待；治疗 treat sb as（把某人当作……）；treat sb to（款待某人） He treats me like a friend.
trust /trʌst/ 信任 trust sb（信任某人） I trust you completely.
try /traɪ/ 尝试；努力 try to do（尽力做某事）；try doing（尝试做某事） Try to finish it on time.
turn /tɜːn/ 转动；变成 turn on/off（打开/关闭）；turn up/down（调高/调低）；turn into（变成） Turn left at the corner.
understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ 理解 understand sth（理解某物） Do you understand the question?
use /juːz/ 使用 use sth to do（用某物做某事）；used to do（过去常常做某事）；be used to doing（习惯于做某事） I use a pen to write.
visit /ˈvɪzɪt/ 拜访 visit sp（参观某地）；visit sb（拜访某人） We visited the museum yesterday.
wait /weɪt/ 等待 wait for sb/sth（等待某人/某物） I’m waiting for the bus.
wake /weɪk/ 醒来 wake up（醒来） I woke up early this morning.
walk /wɔːk/ 走路 walk to sp（步行去某地） He walks to school every day.
want /wɒnt/ 想要 want to do（想要做某事） I want to be a doctor.
warn /wɔːn/ 警告 warn sb of/about（警告某人……）；warn sb not to do（警告某人不要做某事） He warned me about the danger.
wash /wɒʃ/ 洗 wash the dishes（洗碗） Please wash your hands.
waste /weɪst/ 浪费 waste time/money on（在……上浪费时间/金钱） Don’t waste your time.
watch /wɒtʃ/ 看；监视 watch TV（看电视）；watch out（小心） Watch out for the cars.
wear /weə(r)/ 穿 wear clothes（穿衣服） She is wearing a red dress.
welcome /ˈwelkəm/ 欢迎 welcome sb（欢迎某人） Welcome to our school.
win /wɪn/ 赢 win the game（赢得比赛） He won the first prize.
wish /wɪʃ/ 希望 wish to do（希望做某事）；wish sb sth（祝愿某人某事） I wish you good luck.
wonder /ˈwʌndə(r)/ 想知道 wonder if/whether（想知道是否……） I wonder if he will come.
work /wɜːk/ 工作 work on（从事）；work as（作为……工作） He works as a teacher.
worry /ˈwʌri/ 担心 worry about（担心） Don‘t worry about me.
write /raɪt/ 写 write a letter（写信）；write down（写下） Please write down your name.
📌 动词掌握关键：高考最常考的是短语动词（如break down, bring about, call off）和动词固定搭配（如prevent...from, remind...of）。建议重点记忆上述搭配，尤其是在完形填空和语法填空中反复出现。
二、核心名词（高考考频≥5次，约120个）
单词 音标 常考中文释义 常见用法与搭配 真题例句
ability /əˈbɪləti/ 能力 have the ability to do（有能力做某事） He has the ability to learn quickly.
absence /ˈæbsəns/ 缺席；缺乏 in the absence of（在……缺席/缺乏的情况下） His absence worried his parents.
accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ 事故 by accident（偶然地） The accident caused a traffic jam.
activity /ækˈtɪvəti/ 活动 outdoor activities（户外活动） We took part in many activities.
advantage /ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ 优势 take advantage of（利用）；have an advantage over（比……有优势） Taking advantage of the good weather, we went for a walk.
advice /ədˈvaɪs/ 建议 give advice（给建议）；take/follow one’s advice（采纳某人的建议） Let me give you some advice.
affect /əˈfekt/ 影响 have an effect on（对……有影响） The new policy had a great effect on the economy.
amount /əˈmaʊnt/ 数量 a large amount of（大量） A large amount of money was spent.
approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ 方法；接近 a new approach to solving（解决问题的新方法） We need a different approach.
attention /əˈtenʃən/ 注意力 pay attention to（注意） Pay attention to the teacher.
benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ 益处 benefit from（从……中受益）；be of benefit to（对……有益） Regular exercise is of great benefit to health.
cause /kɔːz/ 原因；事业 the cause of（……的原因） What was the cause of the accident?
chance /tʃɑːns/ 机会 have a chance to do（有机会做某事）；by chance（碰巧） I had the chance to meet the famous singer.
change /tʃeɪndʒ/ 变化 change from A to B（从A变到B） Great changes have taken place.
choice /tʃɔɪs/ 选择 make a choice（做选择）；have no choice but to do（别无选择只能做） I had no choice but to wait.
condition /kənˈdɪʃən/ 条件；状况 on condition that（在……条件下）；in good condition（状况良好） He can go out on condition that he finishes his homework.
confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ 信心 have confidence in（对……有信心） I have confidence in you.
consequence /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/ 后果 as a consequence of（由于……的结果） As a consequence, many people lost their jobs.
consideration /kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃən/ 考虑 take into consideration（考虑到） Take all factors into consideration.
courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ 勇气 have the courage to do（有勇气做某事） She had the courage to tell the truth.
culture /ˈkʌltʃə(r)/ 文化 cultural differences（文化差异） Learning about different cultures is interesting.
damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ 损� do damage to（对……造成损害） The storm did great damage to the crops.
danger /ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ 危险 in danger（处于危险中）；out of danger（脱离危险） The man is in danger.
decision /dɪˈsɪʒən/ 决定 make a decision（做决定） He made a wise decision.
demand /dɪˈmɑːnd/ 要求 in demand（有需求） Good teachers are always in demand.
description /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/ 描述 beyond description（难以描述） The beauty of the scene was beyond description.
development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ 发展 with the development of（随着……的发展） With the development of technology, life has become easier.
difference /ˈdɪfrəns/ 差异 make a difference（有影响；起作用） Your support makes a difference.
difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/ 困难 have difficulty in doing（做某事有困难） I have difficulty in understanding him.
direction /dɪˈrekʃən/ 方向 in the direction of（朝着……方向） Go in the direction of the post office.
disease /dɪˈziːz/ 疾病 suffer from a disease（患某种病） He suffers from a rare disease.
effort /ˈefət/ 努力 make an effort to do（努力做某事） Make an effort to arrive on time.
energy /ˈenədʒi/ 能量；精力 full of energy（充满能量） He is full of energy.
environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ 环境 protect the environment（保护环境） We must protect our environment.
evidence /ˈevɪdəns/ 证据 there is evidence that（有证据表明……） There is evidence that the man is guilty.
experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ 经验；经历 have experience in（在……方面有经验） She has ten years‘ experience in teaching.
experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ 实验 do/carry out an experiment（做实验） The students carried out a chemical experiment.
explanation /ˌekspləˈneɪʃən/ 解释 give an explanation for（对……作出解释） He gave no explanation for his absence.
expression /ɪkˈspreʃən/ 表达；表情 facial expression（面部表情） A smile is a friendly expression.
fact /fækt/ 事实 in fact（事实上）；as a matter of fact（事实上） In fact, he is very kind.
failure /ˈfeɪljə(r)/ 失败 end in failure（以失败告终） His plan ended in failure.
fashion /ˈfæʃən/ 时尚 in fashion（流行）；out of fashion（过时） This style is in fashion now.
feeling /ˈfiːlɪŋ/ 感觉 have a feeling that（感觉……） I have a feeling that he will come.
form /fɔːm/ 形式；表格 in the form of（以……形式）；fill in a form（填表） Please fill in this form.
friend /frend/ 朋友 make friends with（和……交朋友） It’s easy to make friends with him.
function /ˈfʌŋkʃən/ 功能 the function of（……的功能） What is the function of this machine?
future /ˈfjuːtʃə(r)/ 未来 in the future（在未来） What will life be like in the future?
goal /ɡəʊl/ 目标 achieve a goal（实现目标） He finally achieved his goal.
habit /ˈhæbɪt/ 习惯 form a habit（养成习惯）；be in the habit of（有……的习惯） He is in the habit of reading before bed.
happiness /ˈhæpinəs/ 幸福 seek happiness（寻求幸福） Money doesn‘t bring happiness.
health /helθ/ 健康 in good health（健康状况良好） My grandfather is in good health.
hope /həʊp/ 希望 hold out hope（抱有希望） There is still hope.
idea /aɪˈdɪə/ 想法；主意 have an idea（有个想法）；it’s a good idea to do（做某事是个好主意） It‘s a good idea to exercise regularly.
importance /ɪmˈpɔːtəns/ 重要性 the importance of（……的重要性） He stressed the importance of hard work.
improvement /ɪmˈpruːvmənt/ 改进 make an improvement（做出改进） There is a great improvement in his English.
influence /ˈɪnfluəns/ 影响 have an influence on（对……有影响） His father had a great influence on him.
information /ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃən/ 信息 a piece of information（一条信息） Can you give me some information about the course?
interest /ˈɪntrəst/ 兴趣 have an interest in（对……有兴趣）；take an interest in（对……产生兴趣） He shows great interest in science.
introduction /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/ 介绍 a brief introduction（简短介绍） Let me give you a brief introduction to our school.
journey /ˈdʒɜːni/ 旅行 make a journey（进行一次旅行） We made a long journey to the south.
knowledge /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ 知识 have a good knowledge of（精通） He has a good knowledge of history.
language /ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/ 语言 spoken language（口语）；written language（书面语） English is an international language.
life /laɪf/ 生活；生命 lead a happy life（过幸福的生活）；come to life（苏醒） She lives a busy life.
look /lʊk/ 外观；看 have a look at（看一看） Let me have a look at your new watch.
love /lʌv/ 爱 fall in love with（爱上） He fell in love with her at first sight.
luck /lʌk/ 运气 good luck（好运）；bad luck（厄运） Good luck with your exam!
management /ˈmænɪdʒmənt/ 管理 under the management of（在……的管理下） The business is under new management.
manner /ˈmænə(r)/ 方式；礼貌 table manners（餐桌礼仪）；in a friendly manner（以友好的方式） He spoke in a polite manner.
meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ 意义 the meaning of（……的意思） What‘s the meaning of this word?
measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/ 措施 take measures to do（采取措施做某事） The government took measures to reduce pollution.
memory /ˈmeməri/ 记忆 in memory of（为了纪念） The museum was built in memory of the heroes.
method /ˈmeθəd/ 方法 a method of doing（做某事的方法） What is the best method of learning a language?
mistake /mɪsˈteɪk/ 错误 make a mistake（犯错误）；by mistake（错误地） I made a mistake in the calculation.
nature /ˈneɪtʃə(r)/ 自然；本质 by nature（天生地） He is a kind man by nature.
need /niːd/ 需要 meet one’s needs（满足某人的需要）；in need of（需要） The children are in need of food and clothing.
opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ 机会 take the opportunity to do（抓住机会做某事） I took the opportunity to visit the museum.
pain /peɪn/ 疼痛 take pains to do（费尽心思做某事） She took great pains to make the party a success.
pattern /ˈpætən/ 模式；图案 follow a pattern（遵循某种模式） There is a pattern to the way he talks.
person /ˈpɜːsən/ 人 in person（亲自） You need to come in person.
pleasure /ˈpleʒə(r)/ 快乐 with pleasure（乐意地）；it‘s a pleasure to do（做某事很愉快） It’s a pleasure to meet you.
point /pɔɪnt/ 点；观点 the point of（……的意义）；at the point of（在……关头） What is the point of doing this?
position /pəˈzɪʃən/ 职位；位置 in a position to do（有能力做某事） I‘m not in a position to help you.
possibility /ˌpɒsəˈbɪləti/ 可能性 there is a possibility that（有可能……） There is a possibility that it will rain.
practice /ˈpræktɪs/ 练习；实践 put into practice（付诸实施） You need to put your ideas into practice.
preparation /ˌprepəˈreɪʃən/ 准备 in preparation for（为了准备） They are training in preparation for the match.
pressure /ˈpreʃə(r)/ 压力 under pressure（在压力下） He works well under pressure.
problem /ˈprɒbləm/ 问题 solve a problem（解决问题） We need to solve this problem together.
process /ˈprəʊses/ 过程 in the process of（在……过程中） The house is in the process of being built.
progress /ˈprəʊɡres/ 进步 make progress（取得进步） He has made great progress in math.
quality /ˈkwɒləti/ 质量；品质 of good quality（质量好的） This product is of high quality.
question /ˈkwestʃən/ 问题 ask a question（提问）；out of the question（不可能） Going out in this weather is out of the question.
reason /ˈriːzən/ 原因 the reason for（……的原因）；for this reason（由于这个原因） For this reason, I decided to stay.
relationship /rɪˈleɪʃənʃɪp/ 关系 have a good relationship with（和……关系好） I have a good relationship with my parents.
result /rɪˈzʌlt/ 结果 as a result（结果）；as a result of（由于） As a result of the storm, many trees fell.
risk /rɪsk/ 风险 take the risk of doing（冒风险做某事）；at risk（处于风险中） You are at risk of catching the disease.
role /rəʊl/ 角色；作用 play a role in（在……中起作用） Education plays an important role in success.
rule /ruːl/ 规则 follow the rules（遵守规则）；as a rule（通常） As a rule, I go to bed early.
sense /sens/ 感觉；意识 make sense（有意义）；in a sense（在某种意义上） It doesn’t make sense to me.
service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ 服务 provide a service（提供服务） The hotel provides excellent service.
sign /saɪn/ 标志；迹象 a sign of（……的迹象） Dark clouds are a sign of rain.
situation /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃən/ 情况 in a difficult situation（处境困难） He is in a difficult situation now.
skill /skɪl/ 技能 develop a skill（培养技能） He has excellent communication skills.
society /səˈsaɪəti/ 社会 in modern society（在现代社会） The role of women in society has changed.
solution /səˈluːʃən/ 解决方案 a solution to（……的解决方案） We found a solution to the problem.
success /səkˈses/ 成功 achieve success（获得成功） Hard work brings success.
suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ 建议 make a suggestion（提出建议） Can I make a suggestion?
support /səˈpɔːt/ 支持 give support to（给……支持） His family gave him a lot of support.
surprise /səˈpraɪz/ 惊喜；惊讶 to one‘s surprise（令某人惊讶的是） To my surprise, he passed the exam.
task /tɑːsk/ 任务 take on a task（承担任务） He took on the difficult task.
time /taɪm/ 时间 on time（准时）；in time（及时）；at the same time（同时） Please arrive on time.
trouble /ˈtrʌbl/ 麻烦 in trouble（处于困境中）；have trouble（有麻烦）；take the trouble to do（不辞辛劳做某事） He is in trouble again.
truth /truːθ/ 真相 tell the truth（说实话） Please tell me the truth.
variety /vəˈraɪəti/ 种类；多样性 a variety of（各种各样的） There are a variety of flowers in the garden.
way /weɪ/ 方式；道路 in a way（在某种程度上）；by the way（顺便说一下） In a way, he is right.
work /wɜːk/ 工作 at work（工作中）；out of work（失业） He is out of work now.
📌 名词掌握关键：学习名词时要重点掌握其可数/不可数属性、常用固定搭配（如pay attention to, take part in）以及高频复现的词组。阅读理解中，抽象名词（如consequence, phenomenon）往往是题目考察的重点。
三、核心形容词与副词（约120个）
单词 音标 词性 常考中文释义 常见用法与搭配 例句
able /ˈeɪbl/ adj. 能够的 be able to do（能够做某事） I am able to finish it alone.
above /əˈbʌv/ adv./prep. 在上面；超过 above all（最重要地） Above all, be honest.
absent /ˈæbsənt/ adj. 缺席的 be absent from（缺席） He was absent from school yesterday.
acceptable /əkˈseptəbl/ adj. 可接受的 be acceptable to（对……可接受） The offer is acceptable to me.
active /ˈæktɪv/ adj. 积极的 take an active part in（积极参加） He takes an active part in sports.
actual /ˈæktʃuəl/ adj. 实际的 in actual fact（实际上） In actual fact, he knew nothing.
afraid /əˈfreɪd/ adj. 害怕的 be afraid of（害怕）；be afraid to do（害怕做） Don‘t be afraid of making mistakes.
all /ɔːl/ adj. 所有的 all over the world（全世界）；all in all（总而言之） All in all, it was a success.
alone /əˈləʊn/ adj./adv. 单独的 leave alone（不打扰）；let alone（更不用说） He can’t walk, let alone run.
angry /ˈæŋɡri/ adj. 生气的 be angry with sb（生某人的气）；be angry at/about sth（因某事生气） She was angry with me.
annual /ˈænjuəl/ adj. 每年的 an annual event（一年一度的活动） We have an annual meeting.
anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/ adj. 焦虑的 be anxious about（担心） She is anxious about the exam.
appropriate /əˈprəʊpriət/ adj. 合适的 be appropriate for（适合） This movie is appropriate for children.
automatic /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk/ adj. 自动的 automatic door（自动门） The car has an automatic transmission.
awake /əˈweɪk/ adj. 醒着的 stay awake（保持清醒） I stayed awake all night.
aware /əˈweə(r)/ adj. 意识到的 be aware of（意识到） He is aware of the danger.
basic /ˈbeɪsɪk/ adj. 基本的 basic knowledge（基础知识） We need a basic understanding of math.
beautiful /ˈbjuːtɪfl/ adj. 美丽的 beautiful scenery（美丽的风景） What a beautiful view!
best /best/ adj./adv. 最好的 try one‘s best（尽某人最大努力） I will try my best to help.
better /ˈbetə(r)/ adj./adv. 更好的 had better do（最好做某事） You’d better go now.
big /bɪɡ/ adj. 大的 big deal（大事） It‘s no big deal.
bitter /ˈbɪtə(r)/ adj. 苦的；痛苦的 bitter cold（严寒） It was a bitter winter.
born /bɔːn/ adj. 出生的 be born in（出生于） He was born in Beijing.
brief /briːf/ adj. 简短的 in brief（简而言之） In brief, the plan is good.
bright /braɪt/ adj. 明亮的；聪明的 bright future（光明的未来） The child is very bright.
busy /ˈbɪzi/ adj. 忙碌的 be busy doing（忙于做某事） He is busy preparing for the exam.
calm /kɑːm/ adj. 冷静的 keep calm（保持冷静） You should keep calm in an emergency.
careful /ˈkeəfl/ adj. 小心的 be careful of（小心） Be careful of the traffic.
certain /ˈsɜːtn/ adj. 确定的 be certain of（确信）；for certain（肯定地） I know for certain that he will come.
cheerful /ˈtʃɪəfl/ adj. 快乐的 a cheerful smile（开心的笑容） He is always cheerful.
comfortable /ˈkʌmftəbl/ adj. 舒适的 be comfortable with（对……感到舒适） I don’t feel comfortable with strangers.
common /ˈkɒmən/ adj. 常见的 in common（共同） They have nothing in common.
complete /kəmˈpliːt/ adj. 完全的 a complete success（完全成功） It was a complete surprise.
confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ adj. 自信的 be confident of（对……有信心） She is confident of winning.
convenient /kənˈviːniənt/ adj. 方便的 it is convenient for sb to do（对某人来说做某事很方便） Is it convenient for you to come today?
correct /kəˈrekt/ adj. 正确的 correct answer（正确答案） Your answer is correct.
crazy /ˈkreɪzi/ adj. 疯狂的 be crazy about（对……痴迷） He is crazy about football.
curious /ˈkjʊəriəs/ adj. 好奇的 be curious about（对……好奇） I‘m curious about his past.
daily /ˈdeɪli/ adj./adv. 每日的 on a daily basis（每天） Exercise on a daily basis.
dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ adj. 危险的 be dangerous to（对……危险） Smoking is dangerous to health.
dark /dɑːk/ adj. 黑暗的 before dark（天黑前） It is getting dark.
deep /diːp/ adj./adv. 深的 deeply（深深地） He breathed deeply.
different /ˈdɪfrənt/ adj. 不同的 be different from（与……不同） My opinion is different from yours.
difficult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ adj. 困难的 it is difficult to do（做某事很困难） It is difficult to solve this problem.
direct /dɪˈrekt/ adj./adv. 直接的 directly（直接地） He went directly home.
dirty /ˈdɜːti/ adj. 肮脏的 get dirty（变脏） His hands are dirty.
disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/ adj. 失望的 be disappointed in/with（对……失望） I was disappointed with the result.
dry /draɪ/ adj. 干燥的 dry season（旱季） The weather is very dry.
early /ˈɜːli/ adj./adv. 早的 early morning（清晨） I wake up early.
easy /ˈiːzi/ adj. 容易的 it is easy to do（做某事很容易） It is easy to learn English well.
effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ adj. 有效的 be effective in（在……方面有效） This medicine is effective in treating flu.
efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/ adj. 高效的 an efficient way（高效的方法） This is an efficient method.
either /ˈaɪðə(r)/ adv. 也（不） either...or（要么……要么） Either you go or I go.
else /els/ adv. 其他 something else（其他东西） Can I get you anything else?
empty /ˈempti/ adj. 空的 empty room（空房间） The room is empty.
entire /ɪnˈtaɪə(r)/ adj. 整个的 the entire world（全世界） He spent the entire day sleeping.
equal /ˈiːkwəl/ adj. 平等的 be equal to（等于） All men are equal.
essential /ɪˈsenʃəl/ adj. 必要的 it is essential to do（做某事是必要的） It is essential to get enough sleep.
exact /ɪɡˈzækt/ adj. 精确的 exactly（确切地） That’s exactly what I mean.
extra /ˈekstrə/ adj. 额外的 extra help（额外帮助） Can you give me extra time?
fair /feə(r)/ adj. 公平的 it is fair to do（做某事很公平） It‘s fair to give everyone a chance.
familiar /fəˈmɪliə(r)/ adj. 熟悉的 be familiar with（对……熟悉） I’m familiar with this song.
famous /ˈfeɪməs/ adj. 著名的 be famous for（因……著名） Hangzhou is famous for its tea.
fast /fɑːst/ adj./adv. 快的 fast food（快餐） He runs very fast.
fine /faɪn/ adj. 好的；晴朗的 fine weather（好天气） It‘s a fine day.
fit /fɪt/ adj. 健康的 keep fit（保持健康） Exercise helps you keep fit.
foreign /ˈfɒrən/ adj. 外国的 foreign language（外语） English is a foreign language to me.
free /friː/ adj. 自由的；免费的 free of charge（免费） The museum is free of charge.
frequent /ˈfriːkwənt/ adj. 频繁的 frequent visits（频繁的拜访） He made frequent trips to China.
full /fʊl/ adj. 满的 be full of（充满） The room is full of people.
fun /fʌn/ adj./n. 有趣的 have fun（玩得开心） We had fun at the party.
general /ˈdʒenrəl/ adj. 普遍的 in general（总的来说） In general, people like music.
good /ɡʊd/ adj. 好的 be good at（擅长） She is good at singing.
great /ɡreɪt/ adj. 伟大的 a great deal of（大量） A great deal of money was spent.
happy /ˈhæpi/ adj. 快乐的 be happy to do（乐于做某事） I‘m happy to help.
hard /hɑːd/ adj./adv. 努力的 work hard（努力工作） He works very hard.
helpful /ˈhelpfl/ adj. 有帮助的 be helpful to（对……有帮助） This book is helpful to students.
high /haɪ/ adj./adv. 高的 highly（高度地） The movie is highly recommended.
honest /ˈɒnɪst/ adj. 诚实的 to be honest（说实话） To be honest, I don‘t like it.
hopeful /ˈhəʊpfl/ adj. 有希望的 be hopeful about（对……有希望） I’m hopeful about the future.
huge /hjuːdʒ/ adj. 巨大的 a huge amount of（大量的） He made a huge mistake.
immediate /ɪˈmiːdiət/ adj. 立即的 immediate action（立即行动） We need to take immediate action.
important /ɪmˈpɔːtnt/ adj. 重要的 it is important to do（做某事很重要） It is important to study hard.
impossible /ɪmˈpɒsəbl/ adj. 不可能的 it is impossible to do（做某事不可能） It is impossible for him to win.
interested /ˈɪntrəstɪd/ adj. 感兴趣的 be interested in（对……感兴趣） I’m interested in history.
kind /kaɪnd/ adj. 友好的 be kind to（对……友好） Please be kind to animals.
large /lɑːdʒ/ adj. 大的 at large（整体上） The population at large supports the policy.
late /leɪt/ adj./adv. 晚的 be late for（迟到） Don‘t be late for school.
likely /ˈlaɪkli/ adj. 可能的 be likely to do（可能做某事） He is likely to come.
limited /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/ adj. 有限的 a limited amount（有限的数量） There is a limited amount of time.
live /laɪv/ adj. 活的；现场直播的 live broadcast（现场直播） The concert was broadcast live.
local /ˈləʊkəl/ adj. 当地的 local government（当地政府） He knows the local people very well.
lonely /ˈləʊnli/ adj. 孤独的 feel lonely（感到孤独） He felt lonely in the big city.
loud /laʊd/ adj. 大声的 speak loud（大声说话） Please speak louder.
lovely /ˈlʌvli/ adj. 可爱的 a lovely child（可爱的孩子） What a lovely day!
main /meɪn/ adj. 主要的 main idea（主旨） What is the main idea of the passage?
major /ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/ adj. 主要的 major problem（主要问题） Air pollution is a major problem.
natural /ˈnætʃrəl/ adj. 自然的 natural resources（自然资源） This is a natural phenomenon.
necessary /ˈnesəsəri/ adj. 必要的 it is necessary to do（做某事是必要的） It is necessary to wear a mask.
negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ adj. 消极的 negative attitude（消极态度） He has a negative attitude towards life.
normal /ˈnɔːml/ adj. 正常的 return to normal（恢复正常） Everything is back to normal.
obvious /ˈɒbviəs/ adj. 明显的 it is obvious that（很明显……） It is obvious that he is lying.
ordinary /ˈɔːdənri/ adj. 普通的 in the ordinary way（通常） He is just an ordinary man.
particular /pəˈtɪkjələ(r)/ adj. 特别的 in particular（特别地） I like all sports, but football in particular.
patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ adj. 耐心的 be patient with（对……有耐心） You should be patient with children.
perfect /ˈpɜːfɪkt/ adj. 完美的 a perfect day（完美的一天） The weather is perfect for a picnic.
personal /ˈpɜːsənl/ adj. 个人的 personal opinion（个人观点） That‘s my personal opinion.
possible /ˈpɒsəbl/ adj. 可能的 as soon as possible（尽快） Please come as soon as possible.
powerful /ˈpaʊəfl/ adj. 强大的 powerful effect（强大的影响） The movie had a powerful effect on me.
pretty /ˈprɪti/ adj./adv. 漂亮的；相当 pretty good（相当好） He did a pretty good job.
private /ˈpraɪvət/ adj. 私人的 in private（私下里） Can we talk in private?
proud /praʊd/ adj. 自豪的 be proud of（为……自豪） I’m proud of you.
public /ˈpʌblɪk/ adj. 公共的 in public（公开地） He is afraid to speak in public.
quiet /ˈkwaɪət/ adj. 安静的 keep quiet（保持安静） Please keep quiet in the library.
rapid /ˈræpɪd/ adj. 快速的 rapid growth（快速增长） The city has seen rapid growth.
ready /ˈredi/ adj. 准备好的 be ready to do（准备好做某事） I am ready to go.
real /ˈriːəl/ adj. 真实的 in real life（在现实生活中） It looks like a dream, but it‘s real.
recent /ˈriːsnt/ adj. 最近的 recent years（最近几年） In recent years, technology has improved.
regular /ˈreɡjələ(r)/ adj. 有规律的 on a regular basis（定期） Exercise on a regular basis.
related /rɪˈleɪtɪd/ adj. 相关的 be related to（与……相关） This issue is related to health.
responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 负责的 be responsible for（对……负责） You are responsible for your own safety.
rich /rɪtʃ/ adj. 富裕的 be rich in（富含） The area is rich in natural resources.
safe /seɪf/ adj. 安全的 be safe from（免受……危险） You are safe from the storm here.
same /seɪm/ adj. 相同的 all the same（仍然） Thank you all the same.
serious /ˈsɪəriəs/ adj. 严重的 be serious about（对……认真） He is serious about his work.
simple /ˈsɪmpl/ adj. 简单的 it is simple to do（做某事很简单） It is simple to operate this machine.
special /ˈspeʃəl/ adj. 特殊的 special attention（特别注意） Pay special attention to spelling.
strange /streɪndʒ/ adj. 奇怪的 feel strange（感到陌生） I feel strange here.
strong /strɒŋ/ adj. 强壮的 strong feeling（强烈的感觉） I have a strong feeling that he is right.
suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/ adj. 合适的 be suitable for（适合） This book is suitable for beginners.
sure /ʃʊə(r)/ adj./adv. 确定的 be sure to do（一定做）；for sure（肯定） It is sure to rain.
surprised /səˈpraɪzd/ adj. 惊讶的 be surprised at（对……吃惊） I was surprised at the news.
terrible /ˈterəbl/ adj. 糟糕的 feel terrible（感觉糟糕） I feel terrible today.
tired /taɪəd/ adj. 疲劳的 be tired of（厌倦） I’m tired of eating the same food.
traditional /trəˈdɪʃənl/ adj. 传统的 traditional culture（传统文化） We should protect our traditional culture.
true /truː/ adj. 真实的 come true（实现） His dream came true.
useful /ˈjuːsfl/ adj. 有用的 be useful for（对……有用） This tool is useful for cutting.
usual /ˈjuːʒuəl/ adj. 通常的 as usual（像往常一样） He came late as usual.
various /ˈveəriəs/ adj. 各种各样的 for various reasons（由于各种原因） He left for various reasons.
weak /wiːk/ adj. 虚弱的 be weak in（在……方面弱） He is weak in math.
whole /həʊl/ adj. 整个的 as a whole（作为一个整体） The team as a whole performed well.
wise /waɪz/ adj. 明智的 it is wise to do（做某事是明智的） It is wise to save money.
wonderful /ˈwʌndəfl/ adj. 极好的 have a wonderful time（玩得很开心） We had a wonderful time.
worried /ˈwʌrid/ adj. 担心的 be worried about（担心） She is worried about her son.
worth /wɜːθ/ adj. 值得……的 be worth doing（值得做） This movie is worth watching.
wrong /rɒŋ/ adj. 错误的 go wrong（出问题） Something went wrong with the plan.
young /jʌŋ/ adj. 年轻的 from a young age（从小） He has played piano from a young age.
📌 形容词/副词掌握关键：高考对形容词和副词的考查主要围绕：
1. 比较级与最高级（如：better best, more most, less least）
2. 形近副词的区别（如：hard（努力地）vs hardly（几乎不）；close vs closely；high vs highly）
3. 形容词作状语的用法（如：He sat there, silent.）
4. 语法填空中的词形变化（形容词↔副词转换）
四、高考高频熟词生义（约30个）
熟词生义是高考中反复出现的考点（完形填空和阅读理解中每年必考）。下列是近5年真题中出现频率最高的熟词生义：
· address 熟义：地址。生义：演讲；解决（问题）。The president addressed the nation.（总统向全国发表讲话。）
· adopt 熟义：收养。生义：采纳（建议/方法）。We should adopt a new approach.（我们应该采纳新的方法。）
· approach 熟义：接近。生义：方法；途径。a new approach to education（新的教育方法）
· average 熟义：平均的。生义：普通的；正常的。a student of average intelligence.（智力平平的学生。）
· charge 熟义：收费；充电。生义：掌管；负责。Who is in charge here?（谁负责这里？）
· company 熟义：公司。生义：陪伴。You may know a man by the company he keeps.（观其友知其人。）
· cover 熟义：覆盖。生义：采访；报道；走过（路程）。The journalist covered the event.（记者报道了此事。）
· develop 熟义：发展。生义：患（病）；冲洗（胶卷）。He developed a serious illness.（他得了重病。）
· feature 熟义：特征。生义：以……为特色；主演。The film features a famous actor.（这部电影由一位著名演员主演。）
· figure 熟义：数字。生义：人物；身材；理解。I can‘t figure out the answer.（我解不出答案。）
· knowledge 熟义：知识。生义：知晓。To my knowledge, he’s honest.（据我所知，他是诚实的。）
· mean 熟义：意思是。生义：吝啬的；刻薄的。Don‘t be so mean to your sister.（别对你妹妹那么刻薄。）
· note 熟义：笔记。生义：注意；纸币。Please note the change of schedule.（请注意日程变化。）
· novel 熟义：小说。生义：新颖的。He came up with a novel idea.（他想出了个新颖的主意。）
· observe 熟义：观察。生义：遵守（规则）；庆祝。Everyone must observe the rules.（人人都要遵守规则。）
· present 熟义：礼物；现在的。生义：呈现；介绍。He presented his findings.（他展示了他的发现。）
· promise 熟义：承诺。生义：有希望。The young player promises well.（这位年轻选手很有前途。）
· reflect 熟义：反射；反映。生义：反思。Take time to reflect on your decisions.（花时间反思你的决定。）
· run 熟义：跑。生义：经营；管理。He runs a small company.（他经营一家小公司。）
· say 熟义：说。生义：比如说；发言权。If we save money, say $100 a month...（如果我们省钱，比如说每月100美元……）
· shoulder 熟义：肩膀。生义：承担。He shouldered the responsibility.（他承担了责任。）
· stand 熟义：站立。生义：摊位；忍受。I cannot stand his rudeness.（我受不了他的无礼。）
· subject 熟义：学科；主语。生义：受试者；使遭受。The prisoners were subjected to torture.（囚犯遭受了折磨。）
· wear 熟义：穿。生义：磨损；流露（表情）。The stone steps have worn down.（石阶被磨损了。）
五、高频固定短语（约50个）
以下是近10年高考真题中复现率最高的固定短语，其中许多在完形填空和语法填空中反复出现：
5.1 动词短语
短语 中文释义 例句 / 用法
agree with sb 同意某人；适合某人 The climate doesn‘t agree with me.（气候不适合我。）
agree on sth 达成一致 We agreed on a price.（我们在价格上达成一致。）
break down 出故障；崩溃 The car broke down.（车坏了。）
break out 爆发 A fire broke out last night.（昨晚爆发了火灾。）
break up 分手；解散 The couple broke up.（那对情侣分手了。）
bring about 导致 Science has brought about many changes.（科学带来了许多变化。）
bring up 抚养；提出 He was brought up by his grandparents.（他由祖父母抚养长大。）
call off 取消 The match was called off due to rain.（比赛因雨取消。）
carry out 执行 The plan must be carried out.（计划必须被执行。）
come across 偶然遇到 I came across an old photo.（我偶然看到一张旧照片。）
consist of 由……组成 The team consists of ten members.（这个队由十人组成。）
cut down 砍倒；削减 We need to cut down our expenses.（我们需要削减开支。）
deal with 处理 How will you deal with this problem?（你将如何处理这个问题？）
depend on 依赖；取决于 It depends on the weather.（这取决于天气。）
die out 灭绝 This species is dying out.（这个物种正在灭绝。）
figure out 弄清楚 I cannot figure out the answer.（我算不出答案。）
get along with 与……相处 Do you get along with your classmates?（你和同学相处得好吗？）
give up 放弃 Never give up.（永不放弃。）
go through 经历；仔细检查 He went through a lot of hardship.（他经历了很多苦难。）
hand in 上交 Please hand in your homework.（请上交作业。）
hold on 坚持；稍等 Hold on for a minute.（稍等一下。）
keep up with 跟上 I cannot keep up with the class pace.（我跟不上班级节奏。）
look after 照顾 She looks after her sick mother.（她照顾生病的母亲。）
look forward to 期待 I look forward to hearing from you.（我期盼收到你的来信。）
make up 组成；编造 Girls make up 60% of the class.（女生占班级的60%。）
pick up 捡起；学会 She picked up Japanese quickly.（她很快学会了日语。）
put off 推迟 Don‘t put off till tomorrow what you can do today.（今日事今日毕。）
put up with 忍受 I cannot put up with the noise.（我忍受不了噪音。）
run out of 用完 We ran out of water.（我们水用完了。）
see off 送行 We went to the station to see him off.（我们去车站为他送行。）
set up 建立 They set up a new company.（他们成立了一家新公司。）
take after 像 He takes after his father.（他像他父亲。）
take off 起飞；脱下 The plane took off at 8 a.m.（飞机早上8点起飞。）
turn down 调低；拒绝 He turned down my offer.（他拒绝了我的提议。）
turn up 出现；调高 He didn’t turn up at the party.（他没有出现在派对上。）
5.2 介词短语
短语 中文释义 例句 / 用法
above all 最重要的是 Above all, stay calm.（最重要的是保持冷静。）
after all 毕竟 After all, he is your father.（毕竟他是你的父亲。）
at first 起初 At first, I didn‘t like the idea.（起初我不喜欢这个主意。）
at last 最后 At last, he arrived.（最后他到了。）
at least 至少 You should read at least 30 minutes a day.（你每天至少应该读30分钟。）
at once 立刻 Come here at once.（立刻到这儿来。）
by accident 偶然 I found the book by accident.（我偶然发现了这本书。）
by chance 碰巧 I met him by chance.（我碰巧遇见了他。）
by mistake 错误地 I took your bag by mistake.（我错拿了你的包。）
by the way 顺便说一句 By the way, what’s your name?（顺便问一下，你叫什么名字？）
for instance 例如 Many animals, for instance dogs, are loyal.（许多动物，比如狗，很忠诚。）
in addition 此外 In addition, we need to prepare food.（此外，我们需要准备食物。）
in advance 提前 Book tickets in advance.（提前订票。）
in case 以防万一 Take an umbrella in case it rains.（带把伞以防下雨。）
in charge of 负责 Who is in charge of this class?（谁负责这个班级？）
in favor of 支持 I’m in favor of the plan.（我支持这个计划。）
in order to 为了 He worked hard in order to pass the exam.（他为了通过考试很努力。）
in other words 换句话说 He is lazy. In other words, he doesn‘t like to work.（他很懒，换句话说，他不喜欢工作。）
in spite of 尽管 In spite of the rain, we went out.（尽管下雨，我们还是出去了。）
instead of 而不是 I used water instead of milk.（我用了水而不是牛奶。）
on behalf of 代表 I speak on behalf of my team.（我代表我的团队发言。）
on the contrary 相反 It wasn’t bad. On the contrary, it was good.（它不坏，相反很好。）
regardless of 不顾 He went out regardless of the rain.（他不顾雨势出去了。）
thanks to 多亏了 Thanks to your help, I finished on time.（多亏了您的帮助，我按时完成了。）
with regard to 关于 With regard to your question, here is the answer.（关于你的问题，答案如下。）
📌 短语掌握关键：在完形填空中，动词短语和介词短语的辨析是高频考点，而阅读理解中常通过复杂短语设置干扰选项。建议分组记忆——将同一动词的短语归类记（如break down/out/up/into）或遵循常考考点进行学习。
最后的学习建议
1. 分模块逐轮攻克：优先攻克核心动词（180个）和名词（120个），因为它们在完形填空和阅读理解的占比高达70%以上。之后逐步深入形容词副词的比较级和熟词生义，最后是短语搭配的记忆。
2. 借助真题强化记忆：不要死记硬背，而是在高考真题的原文语境中复习这些词汇。可以从近5年真题中挑选20篇完形和阅读理解，尝试翻译并圈出高频词在真实考法中的应用。
3. 针对性用方法学：
· 按照词频顺序学：词汇重复率超80%，在高频词上花时间最有效。
· 遇到搭配查释义（如“prevent...from”）。
· 多练真题，做完形填空时主动辨析上述常考短语。
· 向陌生语境（新题材）扩展，强化迁移能力。
