新托福单词填空真题周练 | UNIT 1 生态与濒危物种
之前我们分享了如何用话题族群分类法整理新托福单词填空的高频词汇册（没看过的同学建议先点这里）。
为方便大家边背词汇册中的单词边通过周练形式抽查自测，从这周开始，我会每周发布一个话题单元的真题练习（共10个单元），在暑假开始前的这十周帮助大家过完所有话题的常考单词填空题。
本期是UNIT 1 生态与濒危物种。
做题说明
真题时间
Tigers are solitary animals known for their territorial behavior; males use scent markings and vocalizations to define their territories. Each m___(4) tiger es______(11) control o__(4) a l___(5) territory sp_____(8) several squ___(6) miles a___(3) patrols t__(3) area re_____(9) to l___(4) for prey and maintain dominance. Thisbehavior helps reduce conflicts over prey, but tigers are known to fiercely defend their territory from intruders when necessary. Often hunting at night, tigers use stealth and their excellent night vision to their advantage.2.
TheSpix's Macaw, native to Brazil and famously known as the inspiration for the animated movie Rio, is critically endangered, with fewer than a hundred individuals remaining. The popul_ _ _ _ _(10) of th_ _(4) vibrant bl_ _(4) bird decl_ _ _ _(8) because o_(2) habitat lo_ _(4) and ill_ _ _ _(7) trapping f_ _(3) sale abr_ _ _(6), where pri_ _ _ _(7) collectors and pet stores spent large sums of money on the birds. Conservationists have initiated captive breeding programs and habitat restoration efforts to reintroduce the Spix's Macaw into the wild, where it was officially declared extinct in 2019.3.
Conservation ecology focuses on preserving biodiversity and protecting ecosystems from degradation. This disci_ _ _ _ _(10) involves stud_ _ _ _(8) the intera_ _ _ _ _ _(12) between spe_ _ _ _(7) and th_ _ _(5) environments t_(2) develop strat_ _ _ _ _(10) for maint_ _ _ _ _ _(11) ecological bal_ _ _ _(7). Efforts inc_ _ _ _(7) habitat restoration, sustainable resource management, and the establishment of protected areas. Conservation ecologists work to mitigate the impacts of human activities such as deforestation, pollution, and climate change. Public awareness campaigns and policy advocacy are crucial components of conservation initiatives. By safeguarding natural habitats, conservation ecology aims to ensure the survival of diverse species and the health of the planet.4.
Coral reefs are vibrant underwater ecosystems foundin warm, shallow oceans around the world. Coral reefs are prod____(8) by colo___(8) of ti__(4) animals cal_(6) coral polyps, wh__(5) secrete calcium carbonate t_(2)build th_(5) hard skel__(9). These nat____(7) formations pro_(7) critical habitats for a diversearray of marine species, including fish, crustaceans, and mollusks. They also offer protection to coastalareas by reducing the impact of wave and storms.However, coral reefs are facing threats from climatechange, pollution, and overfishing.5.
The Pinta Island tortoise, a subspecies of giant tortoise native to Ecuador's Galápagos Islands, became extinct with the death of the last known individual, Lonesome George, in 2012. Pinta tortoises were kn_ _ _(5) for th_ _ _(5) domed she_ _ _(5) and lo_ _(4) necks ada_ _ _ _(7) for fee_ _ _ _(7); they pla_ _ _(6) a cru_ _ _ _(7) role i_(2) shaping veget_ _ _ _ _(10) by grazing on plants and dispersing seeds. The extinction of this subspecies highlights the impact of human activity on isolated ecosystems. Invasive species and habitat destruction were significant factors contributing to its decline.
词根词缀复习
- 前缀：bio-（生命）、eco-（生态）、con-（共同）
- 后缀：-ation（名词）、-ity（性质）、-al（形容词）
- 词根：serv（保存）→ preserve, conservation
生态环境类话题在新托福已考真题中占比有将近20%，并且常出的单词有较大的重复性，比如conservation, preserve, biodiversity, ecosystem, habitat…所以我把它放在第一个单元。
当然，也有小私心：提醒自己时时刻刻都要在力所能及的范围内保护关爱我们的地球和生物。谨记万物有灵。
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