非谓语动词是一些特殊的动词，它们在句中不能单独作谓语，而有谓语以外的其他语法功能，在句子中不受主语的人称和数的限制，但仍有时态和语态的变化，也可以带宾语和状语，构成非谓语动词短语。非谓语动词分不定式、动名词和分词三种。动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，在特殊情况下有时to可以省略。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时也具有动词的部分特征，能充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成分。动名词由动词加-ing构成，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。它们在句中作定语、状语、表语和补语。
我们从中考题中分析，非谓语动词通常出现在单项选择，语法选择，语法填空，选词填空等考题中。
对于非谓语动词语法能力考察集中于以下两点：
（1）动词不定式
（2）动名词、现在分词
考向分析：中考对于非谓语动词的考察要求考生们：
（1）掌握非谓语动词的定义；
（2）掌握动词不定式的用法；
（3）掌握一些特殊结构。
不定式
1.（广州·语法选择）He was not fast enough ______ the worms (虫子) Mama Bird brought back.
A. getB. gotC. gettingD. to get
2. （扬州）Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club.
A. joinB. joiningC. to joinD. to joining
3 （天津）David learnt ________ when he was five.
A. swimB. swimsC. swamD. to swim
动词不定式：to+ do
A、不定式语法作用
不定式的作用 | 例句 |
作主语 | ①To learn is very important. ②To drive in the right is not allowed here. 注意：①不定式作主语时，可置句首。 ②如果过长，可采用it作形式主语，不定式后置的结构。 ※重点句式：1.It is/was+adj./n.+ to do（做什么。。是。。） ①It was difficult to answer the question. ※重点句式：2.It is/was+ adj.+ for sth./sb. +to do. 3.It is/was + adj.+ of sb.to do ①It is necessary for this door to be locked. ②It is very kind of you to help me. 4. It takes/took sb. +时间+ to do sth. 5. sb.+ be + adj. + to do sth. 6. think/find + it +adj.+ to do sth. |
作表语 | The most important thing is not to give up. |
作宾语 | ①I want to swim in the pool. ②They intend to postpone the trip. ③A good translator is hard to find. |
作定语 | ②Give him an ornament to polish. ②I need a volunteer to take the minutes. |
作状语 | ①The officer returned to help.（目的状语） ②My parents will be happy to meet you.（原因状语） |
B 不定式的疑问式
“疑问词+to do”结构，相当于相应的从句
I don't know what to say.
I don’t know what to do.
I don’t know how to do it.
I don’t know what to do about it.
C 不定式的否定式
Theteacher warned Katenot to sleep in class.
The teacher told Sallynot to give up playing the piano even though she had no time
D省略to的不定式
省略to的不定式常有let, make，see, hear，watch。
而help后作宾语或宾补时可以用to，也可以省略to
Don’t let your child play with fire.
The loud music made me want to leave.
动名词
1．（江苏淮安）We had much difficulty ________ the problem. We really went through a hard time.
A．to solveB．solvingC．solveD．solved
2．（上海）________ for dog food and visiting the vet are really expensive.
A．PayB．To payC．PaidD．Paying
形式：①动名词与现在分词同型(v-ing）
②起到名词的作用
动名词的作用 | 例句 |
作主语（谓语动词为单数） | Reading helps you learn English. |
作宾语 （有的动词直接加动名词作其宾语；有的加介词后动名词作其宾语） | 1.He quit smoking a year ago. 2.I look forward to helping you paint the house. |
It+形容词+动名词 | It is no use telling him not to worry. （此类形容词还包括：better、wonderful、enjoyable、interesting、foolish、difficult、useless、senseless、worthwhile） |
作表语 （对主语进一步说明，相当于一个名词） | 1.My job is teaching. 2.Seeing is believing. |
作定语 （表示用途或性质） | 1. a swimming pool=a pool for swimming 2. a moving truck=a truck for moving. |
常见非谓语考向
常用的带动词不定式to do的词 | want ,would like ,agree, decide ,refuse ,learn too…to do, adj.+ enough to do |
常用的带to do做宾语补足语 (v. + sb. + to do )的词 | ask sb.(not) to do sth.,tell sb.(not) to do sth want, would like, wish , teach , allow , encourage , help ,warn . |
常用的不带to 的情况 | let , make , had better. see, hear, watch |
常用的只带 doing的词 | Keep, enjoy , practise, finish ,mind be busy doing,spend…(in) doing suggest doing,prefer doing to doing 介词+ doing |
动词接Ving和to do的区别
有些谓语动词之后既可以加动词不定式 to do，也可以加动名词 doing，但是它们的中文意思不同。
如：stop to do something 停止手中事，去做另一件事
stopdoing something 停止正在做的事
remember / forget / regret to do something记得 / 忘记 / 遗憾要做某事（指动作尚未发生）
remember / forget / regret doing something 记得 / 忘记 / 遗憾做了某事（指动作已经发生）
try to do something 设法，努力去做，尽力
try doing something 试试去做，看有何结果
mean to do something 打算做，企图做
mean doing something 意思是，意味着
当谓语动词是感观动词时，其形式是：谓语动词+sb. / sth.+ do / doing， 但用法有区别：
如：watch sb. do 观看某人做了某事
see sb. do 看见某人做了某事
watch sb. doing 观看某人正在做某事see sb. doing 看见某人正在做某事
hear sb. do 听见某人做了某事
find sb. do 发现某人做了某事
hear sb. doing 听见某人正在做某事
find sb. doing 发现某人正在做某事
一、选择填空
1. （长春）We expect the world _______ China better after the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou.
A. understandingB. to understandC. understoodD. understand
2. （南通）________ healthy, we’ve got used to washing hands before meals and using public chopsticks.
A. KeepingB. KeepC. To keepD. To keeping
3．（辽宁盘锦）These flowers don’t always need ________, so you _______ them every day.
A．to water; don’t need to waterB．watering; needn’t to water
C．to water; don’t need waterD．watering; don’t need to water
4．（江苏扬州）The career he devoted himself to ________ him ________ by people all over the world.
A．made; rememberedB．making; remember
C．making; was rememberedD．made; to remember
5．（湖南湘西）I often practice _______ the piano in the morning, but my neighbors don’t mind _______ the sound.
A．play; hearingB．playing; hearingC．playing; to hear
6．（江苏淮安）We had much difficulty ________ the problem. We really went through a hard time.
A．to solveB．solvingC．solveD．solved
7．（江苏扬州二模）________ our eyesight, we should pay attention to the distance between our eyes and the book or screen.
A．ProtectB．To protectC．ProtectingD．To protecting
8．（上海浦东二模）Working in the field for a whole day let the children ________ the farmers’ hard life.
A．understandB．to understandC．understoodD．understanding
9．（上海·模拟预测）________ for dog food and visiting the vet are really expensive.
A．PayB．To payC．PaidD．Paying
10．（湖北武汉模拟）If you want ________ your pronunciation, keep on ________ every day.
A．improve, to practiceB．improved, practicing
C．improving, to practice.D．to improve, practicing
11. Why have you kept me ________ here for so long time?
A. waitedB. to waitC. waitingD. to waiting
12. His aunt wanted to have him ________ the radio, but he had had it ________ already. （人教版U7句式）
A.repair；repairB. to repair；repairC. repaired；to repairD. repair；repaired
13. I’m sorry I forgot ______ the dictionary to you.
A. returnedB. returningC. to returnD. return
14. You must have the classroom after school. It's too dirty. （人教版U7句式）
A. cleanB. cleaningC. cleanedD.to clean
15. ________ important ________ us not to give up when we fail each time.
A. It’s, forB. It’s, ofC. That’s, forD. That’s, of
16. Do you know when ________ the day after tomorrow?
A. leaveB. leavingC. to leaveD. will leave
17. —Amy, I’m not good at basketball. What should I do?
—Why not ________ a basketball club to practise ________ basketball?
A. join, playingB. to join, to playC. attend, playingD. to attend, to play
18. After you finish ________ the story, do you know what ________ next?
A. to write; doingB. writing; doingC. to write; to doD. writing; to do
19. Stamps used to ________ very common, but we are used to ________ emails now, so we seldom buy stamps.
A. be, writeB. be, writingC. being, writingD. being, write
20. I will show you _________.
A. what to doB. to do whatC. how to doD. to do how
21. Remember ________ the book in time when you have finished ________ it .
A. to return; readingB. returning; reading
C. returning; to readD. to return; to read
22. —Amy, I’m not good at basketball. What should I do?
—Why not ________ a basketball club to practise ________ basketball?
A. join, playingB. to join, to playC. attend, playingD. to attend, to play
23. —I heard your brother failed the exam this time.
—Yes, he decided ________ novel books.
A. readingB. not readingC. to readD. not to read
24. These days, I spend my weekends ________ the children without parents. I enjoy it very much.
A. to helpB. helpingC. helpD. helped
25. ________ fish with cormorants ________ a traditional skill.
A. Catching, isB. Catching, areC. Catch, isD. Catch, are
26. Margaret is still trying ______ the Physics problem by herself in the classroom.
A. to work outB. working outC. to working outD. worked out
27. The children were made ________ their homework first.
A. doB. to doC. didD. doing
28. Maria used to ________ late. But now she is used to ________ early.
A. getting up; get upB. get up; get upC. get up; getting upD. getting up; getting up
29. It is a good idea for teachers ________ teenagers to have less homework.
A. to allowB. to allowedC. allowD. allowing
30. —I don’t know how to draw. —Don’t worry. I’ll show you ________.
A. what to doB. what to do itC. how to doD. how to do it
31. I saw Tom _______ on the playground a moment ago.
A. was playingB. to playC. playedD. playing
32. I didn’t know why he refused ________ me the truth.
A. tellB. to tellC. tellingD. to telling
33. —I eat junk food every day, it tastes so delicious. —It’s not good for your health. Why not ________ less junk food?
A. try eatingB. try to eatC. try eatD. try to eating
34. The Red Cross is always the first _________help to victims when a disaster happens.
A. provideB. providingC. to provideD. to providing
35. Charlie admitted his cheating in the maths exam and promised ______ cheat any longer.
A. won'tB. doesn'tC. not toD. to not
36. The tent is ________ for a family of three ________.
A. big enough; to live inB. enough big; to live in it
C. big enough; to liveD. enough big; live in
37. Susan’s parents often make her __________ the violin for three hours on weekends .
A. practice to play.B. practice playingC. to practice playing .D. practicing to play
38. We found ________ very interesting ________ English.
A. it; learningB. it; to learnC. that; to learnD. this; learning
39. —Why did you call Jack just now? —________ him about our school trip.
A. TellB. To tellC. TellingD. Tells
40. How much time does it ________ you ________ there?
A. spend; gettingB. spend; to getC. take; to getD. take; getting
二、 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. I enjoy _________ (work) here with all of you.
2. Would you like ___________ （come）with us?
3. Thank you for ________ (give) me so much help.
4. I remember ________ (tell) you about him that day.
5. – What can we use computers for?-- ________(send) e-mail.
6. _________(take) a walk for a while after meals is good for our health.
7. We’ll try our best ________ (save) the girl’s life.
8. I think this book is worth ___________ （read）many times.
9 . ________(improve) his playing skills, He practises ___________ （play）the piano every day
10 .How about _________ (go) to the cinema tonight?
11. I will keep ___________ （try）and never give up.
12. Why not go to the beach and __________ （have）a picnic?
13. I am looking forward to ________ （hear）from you.
14.You’d better _______(take) the medicine on time.
15. Lily has trouble ___________ （work）out these problems.
16. He couldn’t help ___________ （laugh）when he heard the joke.
17. They made him ___________ （cry）.
18.While we were running on the playground, Jack suddenly stopped _______ (run) and lay on the ground, so we all stopped______ (see)what was wrong with him.
19. Sarah, you’d better drink more water after __________ (run) for such a long time.
20. It’s important _________finish) the work on time.
word 文档可编辑
资料获取方式：
我用夸克网盘分享了「专题08 非谓语动词（讲练）.docx」，点击链接即可保存。打开「夸克APP」在线查看，支持多种文档格式转换。
链接：https://pan.quark.cn/s/30f8561dc525
持续关注，更多精彩内容输出...
中考复习资料整理：
【成都中考英语】中考英语写作全攻略，作文预测，背完轻松拿高分！
【成都中考英语】冲刺140+！给120分段的你：成都中考英语高效提分全攻略
【中考英语复习】专题07 动词时态 & 语态（附word 下载链接，自取）
《初中英语中考必会词组305个》pdf +对应默写单
共15页
小偿：4.9 元
百度网盘发货
购买及赠送初中英语语法大全
小红书：夕由教英语可购买部分资料
更多学习技巧
长按识别二维码
关注我们
彭州夕由英语
专注英语，匠心教学，助力每一步学习进阶。
