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1. atmosphere /ˈætməsfɪə(r)/ n. 大气；气氛
e.g. It is widely acknowledged that human activities have posed a severe threat to the earth’s atmosphere. 众所周知，人类活动已对地球大气层构成严重威胁。
2. carbon /ˈkɑːbən/ n. 碳
e.g. As the main absorbers of carbon dioxide, forests play a vital role in balancing the global carbon cycle. 作为二氧化碳的主要吸收者，森林在平衡全球碳循环中至关重要。
3. dioxide /daɪˈɒksaɪd/ n. 二氧化物
e.g. The increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the air is regarded as the leading cause of global warming.
空气中不断增加的二氧化碳被视为全球变暖的首要原因。
4. oxygen /ˈɒksɪdʒən/ n. 氧气
e.g. Through the process of photosynthesis, green plants release oxygen and provide energy for almost all living creatures.
绿色植物通过光合作用释放氧气，为几乎所有生物提供能量。
5. ozone /ˈəʊzəʊn/ n. 臭氧
e.g. The ozone layer acts as a protective blanket that blocks harmful ultraviolet rays from reaching the earth’s surface.
臭氧层如同保护毯，阻挡有害紫外线到达地球表面。
6. climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候
e.g. With global climate changing rapidly, more regions are suffering from extreme weather conditions.
随着全球气候快速变化，越来越多地区正遭受极端天气。
7. global /ˈɡləʊbl/ adj. 全球的
e.g. Environmental pollution has evolved into a global issue that calls for joint efforts from all countries.
环境污染已演变成需要各国共同努力的全球性问题。
8. warming /ˈwɔːmɪŋ/ n. 变暖
e.g. If global warming continues at the present rate, coastal cities will be at risk of being flooded.
如果全球变暖以当前速度持续，沿海城市将面临被淹没的风险。
9. temperature /ˈtemprətʃə(r)/ n. 温度
e.g. Statistics show that the average global temperature has risen remarkably over the past century.
数据显示，过去一个世纪全球平均气温显著上升。
10. heat /hiːt/ n. 热量 v. 加热
e.g. Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere, which directly leads to the rise of the earth’s temperature.
温室气体将热量困在大气中，直接导致地球温度上升。
11. greenhouse /ˈɡriːnhaus/ n. 温室
e.g. Although the greenhouse effect is natural, human activities have intensified it to a dangerous level.
尽管温室效应是自然现象，但人类活动已将其加剧到危险程度。
12. effect /ɪˈfekt/ n. 影响；效果
e.g. The long-term effect of air pollution on people’s health has aroused wide public concern.
空气污染对人体健康的长期影响已引起公众广泛关注。
13. pollution /pəˈluːʃn/ n. 污染
e.g. Air, water and soil pollution together are destroying the ecosystem and threatening human survival.
大气、水体和土壤污染共同破坏生态系统，威胁人类生存。
14. pollute /pəˈluːt/ v. 污染
e.g. Many rivers and lakes have been seriously polluted because factories drain waste water without any treatment.
由于工厂未经处理排放废水，许多河湖已被严重污染。
15. pollutant /pəˈluːtənt/ n. 污染物
e.g. Toxic pollutants released by vehicles and factories are responsible for many respiratory diseases.
车辆和工厂排放的有毒污染物是许多呼吸道疾病的元凶。
16. waste /weɪst/ n. 废物；垃圾 v. 浪费
e.g. Reducing the production of daily waste is an effective way to reduce pressure on the environment.
减少日常垃圾产生是减轻环境压力的有效途径。
17. plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ n. 塑料 adj. 塑料的
e.g. Plastic products, which are hard to break down, have become one of the major sources of environmental pollution.
难以降解的塑料制品已成为环境污染的主要来源之一。
18. recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v. 回收利用
e.g. If we can recycle waste materials properly, we can turn rubbish into valuable resources.
如果我们合理回收废料，就能变废为宝。
19. recyclable /ˌriːˈsaɪkləbl/ adj. 可回收的
e.g. Separating recyclable waste from other rubbish can greatly improve the efficiency of resource reuse.
将可回收垃圾与其他垃圾分开，能大幅提高资源再利用效率。
20. reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v. 减少
e.g. Everyone is expected to reduce the use of private cars to cut down air pollution.
呼吁每个人减少私家车使用，以降低空气污染。
21. resource /rɪˈsɔːs/ n. 资源
e.g. It is high time that we realized the importance of making reasonable use of natural resources.
我们早该意识到合理利用自然资源的重要性。
22. limited /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/ adj. 有限的
e.g. Given that natural resources are limited, we must avoid overusing them at will.
鉴于自然资源有限，我们必须避免随意过度使用。
23. energy /ˈenədʒi/ n. 能源；精力
e.g. Developing new types of clean energy has become an urgent task for countries around the world.
开发新型清洁能源已成为世界各国的紧迫任务。
24. renewable /rɪˈnjuːəbl/ adj. 可再生的
e.g. Compared with fossil fuels, renewable energy causes less pollution and will never run out easily.
与化石燃料相比，可再生能源污染更小，且不易枯竭。
25. solar /ˈsəʊlə(r)/ adj. 太阳的；太阳能的
e.g. Solar energy, as a clean and renewable resource, is being widely used in daily life.
太阳能作为清洁可再生资源，正被广泛应用于日常生活。
26. power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 电力；力量
e.g. More and more countries are turning to clean power to realize sustainable development.
越来越多国家转向清洁能源以实现可持续发展。
27. protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护
e.g. We are supposed to protect the environment from being destroyed for the benefit of future generations.
为了子孙后代，我们应保护环境免遭破坏。
28. protection /prəˈtekʃn/ n. 保护
e.g. Environmental protection requires the joint efforts of the government, enterprises and individuals.
环境保护需要政府、企业和个人共同努力。
29. environmental /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl/ adj. 环境的
e.g. More companies are attaching great importance to environmental problems in their development.
越来越多企业在发展中高度重视环境问题。
30. ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统
e.g. Human activities have disturbed the ecosystem and broken the delicate balance of nature.
人类活动干扰了生态系统，打破了自然的微妙平衡。
31. habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ n. 栖息地
e.g. The loss of natural habitats forces many wild animals to move or even die out gradually.
自然栖息地的丧失迫使许多野生动物迁徙甚至逐渐灭绝。
32. species /ˈspiːʃiːz/ n. 物种
e.g. A large number of species are at risk of extinction due to environmental damage.
由于环境破坏，大量物种正面临灭绝危险。
33. wildlife /ˈwaɪldlaɪf/ n. 野生动植物
e.g. Nature reserves are established to protect wildlife from illegal hunting and habitat destruction.
建立自然保护区是为了保护野生动植物免遭非法捕猎与栖息地破坏。
34. forest /ˈfɒrɪst/ n. 森林
e.g. Forests are often called the lungs of the earth because they absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.
森林常被称为地球之肺，因为它们吸收二氧化碳、产生氧气。
35. desert /ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠
e.g. Due to over-cutting and over-farming, more and more land is turning into desert every year.
由于滥砍滥伐和过度开垦，每年有越来越多土地荒漠化。
36. wetland /ˈwetlænd/ n. 湿地
e.g. Wetlands not only clean water naturally but also provide living places for a variety of creatures.
湿地不仅能自然净化水源，还为多种生物提供生存场所。
37. ocean /ˈəʊʃn/ n. 海洋
e.g. A huge amount of plastic waste in the ocean is doing great harm to marine life.
海洋中大量塑料垃圾正严重危害海洋生物。
38. marine /məˈriːn/ adj. 海洋的
e.g. Marine pollution has become a global problem that endangers the balance of the ocean ecosystem.
海洋污染已成为危及海洋生态平衡的全球性问题。
39. river /ˈrɪvə(r)/ n. 河流
e.g. Many rivers are so polluted that the water is not fit to drink or use for farming.
许多河流污染严重，水质已不适合饮用和农业使用。
40. flood /flʌd/ n. 洪水 v. 泛滥
e.g. Frequent heavy rains caused by climate change often result in serious floods in low-lying areas.
气候变化引发的频繁强降雨常导致低洼地区严重洪灾。
41. drought /draʊt/ n. 干旱
e.g. Long-lasting droughts not only kill crops but also lead to severe shortages of drinking water.
持续干旱不仅摧毁庄稼，还导致饮用水严重短缺。
42. disaster /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ n. 灾难
e.g. As the environment worsens, natural disasters are becoming more frequent and destructive.
随着环境恶化，自然灾害正变得更加频繁且更具破坏性。
43. crisis /ˈkraɪsɪs/ n. 危机
e.g. The world is facing a severe environmental crisis that demands immediate global cooperation.
世界正面临严峻环境危机，亟需全球立即合作应对。
44. extinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ adj. 灭绝的
e.g. Many species that once lived on the earth have become extinct due to human activities.
许多曾经生活在地球上的物种因人类活动而灭绝。
45. extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/ n. 灭绝
e.g. Unless effective measures are taken, more species will face extinction in the near future.
除非采取有效措施，否则更多物种将在不久的将来面临灭绝。
46. survive /səˈvaɪv/ v. 生存；存活
e.g. It is increasingly difficult for wild animals to survive in the seriously polluted environment.
野生动物在严重污染的环境中生存愈发艰难。
47. balance /ˈbæləns/ n. 平衡 v. 平衡
e.g. Once the ecological balance is destroyed, it will be extremely hard to restore it in a short time.
生态平衡一旦被破坏，短期内将极难恢复。
48. harmony /ˈhɑːməni/ n. 和谐
e.g. Human beings should live in harmony with nature instead of conquering it.
人类应与自然和谐共处，而非征服自然。
49. sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/ adj. 可持续的
e.g. We must adopt a sustainable development model to protect our planet.
我们必须采取可持续发展模式来保护地球。
50. destroy /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ v. 破坏；摧毁
e.g. Some people destroy forests in order to gain more land, which causes serious ecological problems.
一些人为获取更多土地破坏森林，引发严重生态问题。
51. damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ n./v. 损害
e.g. Long-term exposure to polluted air will seriously damage people’s lungs and heart.
长期暴露在污染空气中会严重损害人的心肺。
52. harmful /ˈhɑːmfl/ adj. 有害的
e.g. It is widely acknowledged that smoking and overusing plastics are harmful to our health and nature.
众所周知，吸烟和过度使用塑料对健康和自然都有害。
53. toxic /ˈtɒksɪk/ adj. 有毒的
e.g. Toxic chemicals from factories will pollute soil and water, threatening both animals and humans.
工厂排放的有毒化学物质会污染土壤和水源，威胁动植物与人类。
54. chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ n. 化学物质 adj. 化学的
e.g. The overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has done great harm to the soil.
化肥和农药的过度使用对土壤造成巨大伤害。
55. emission /iˈmɪʃn/ n. 排放
e.g. Reducing carbon emissions is an effective way to slow down the process of global warming.
减少碳排放是减缓全球变暖进程的有效方式。
56. release /rɪˈliːs/ v./n. 释放
e.g. Factories should be forbidden to release harmful gases directly into the atmosphere.
应禁止工厂向大气中直接排放有害气体。
57. clean /kliːn/ adj. 干净的 v. 清洁
e.g. Breathing clean air and drinking clean water are basic rights that every person should enjoy.
呼吸洁净空气、饮用干净水源是每个人应享有的基本权利。
58. fresh /freʃ/ adj. 新鲜的
e.g. Planting more trees and grass is an effective way to keep the air fresh and clean.
多植树种草是保持空气清新洁净的有效方法。
59. organic /ɔːˈɡænɪk/ adj. 有机的
e.g. Organic food, which is free of chemicals, is becoming increasingly popular among health-conscious people.
不含化学物质的有机食品越来越受注重健康人群的欢迎。
60. natural /ˈnætʃrəl/ adj. 自然的
e.g. Using natural materials instead of man-made ones can help reduce environmental pollution.
使用天然材料代替人造材料有助于减少环境污染。
61. measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/ n. 措施 v. 测量
e.g. The government has taken a series of strict measures to prevent the environment from worsening.
政府已采取一系列严格措施防止环境恶化。
62. action /ˈækʃn/ n. 行动
e.g. It is high time that we took immediate action to protect the earth we live on.
我们早该立即行动，保护我们赖以生存的地球。
63. campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/ n. 活动；运动
e.g. Various environmental campaigns are launched to raise people’s awareness of protecting nature.
各类环保活动被发起，以提高人们保护自然的意识。
64. awareness /əˈweənəs/ n. 意识
e.g. Raising public awareness of environmental protection is the first step to solve pollution problems.
提高公众环保意识是解决污染问题的第一步。
65. responsibility /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ n. 责任
e.g. Protecting the environment is a shared responsibility for every citizen on the earth.
保护环境是地球上每个公民的共同责任。
66. conserve /kənˈsɜːv/ v. 节约；保护
e.g. We should form the habit of conserving water and energy in our daily life.
我们应在日常生活中养成节约水电的习惯。
67. fuel /ˈfjuːəl/ n. 燃料
e.g. Burning fossil fuels gives off large amounts of carbon dioxide and causes air pollution.
燃烧化石燃料释放大量二氧化碳，造成空气污染。
68. coal /kəʊl/ n. 煤
e.g. Burning coal not only pollutes the air but also leads to the formation of acid rain.
燃煤不仅污染空气，还会导致酸雨形成。
69. electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n. 电
e.g. Turning off electrical appliances when not in use is a simple way to save electricity.
不用电器时及时关闭是节约用电的简单方法。
70. soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土壤
e.g. Serious soil pollution has made it impossible for many areas to grow crops normally.
严重的土壤污染使许多地区无法正常种植农作物。
71. sandstorm /ˈsændstɔːm/ n. 沙尘暴
e.g. Sandstorms occur more frequently as a result of desertification and vegetation damage.
由于荒漠化和植被破坏，沙尘暴愈发频繁。
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