四步精读法:高考真题深度阅读10 (2024全国I卷C篇)

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四步精读法:高考真题深度阅读10 (2024全国I卷C篇)

精读高考真题,是英语备考中投入产出比最高的学习方式,没有之一。它绝非简单的做做题,对对答案,而是一场深度的语言开采。实践证明,每天坚持深度阅读一篇真题,坚持2个月,能显著提高英语成绩。

近期分享60篇高质量的真题阅读训练纸质稿(答案详解、高考词汇积累、词块积累、长难句分析、全文翻译),适合高一、高二、高三学生使用。需要的可以进群下载纸质稿直接打印练习。

四步精读法:

1.限时做题:模拟考试状态,不查词,完成题目。

2.语境译读:查阅生词,通读全文,逐句翻译理解文章后整理词块。

3.句法解构:挑出所有长难句,进行句子成分分析和翻译。

4.逻辑复盘:复盘题目,分析错题原因,总结题型解题套路。

高考真题深度阅读10

2024全国I卷)

Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper? And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often “no”. The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.

When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.

The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.

But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说)”. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.

Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces.

Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.

28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Seem unlikely to last.

B. Seem hard to explain.

C. Become ready to use.

D. Become easy to notice.

29. What does the shallowing hypothesis assume?

A. Readers treat digital texts lightly.

B. Digital texts are simpler to understand.

C. People select digital texts randomly.

D. Digital texts are suitable for social media.

30. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers?

A. They can hold students' attention.

B. They are more convenient to prepare.

C. They help develop advanced skills.

D. They are more informative than text.

31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?

A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques.

B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material.

C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.

D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored.

一、答案详细解析

28. D

解析:划线短语“shine through”出现在第二段最后一句:“The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks... to ones that require mental abstraction...” 结合语境,当任务从简单转向需要抽象思维时,纸质阅读的好处显现出来变得明显。选项D“变得容易注意到符合此意。A“似乎不太可能持续B“似乎难以解释C“变得准备好使用均与原文不符。

29. A

解析:第四段介绍了“shallowing hypothesis”(浅薄假说)。原文指出:“people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.” 即人们用适合社交媒体的心态(不严肃、轻松)对待数字文本,投入的心理努力更少。因此该假说假设读者对数字文本态度轻率(treat digital texts lightly)。B“数字文本更易理解C“人们随机选择数字文本未提及;D“数字文本适合社交媒体曲解原意,原文是说心态适合社交媒体

30. A

解析:第五段首句明确给出原因:“Audio and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies...” “engaging”意为吸引人的、能让人投入的,因此音频和视频更能吸引学生注意力。选项A正确。B“更方便准备C“帮助发展高级技能D“比文本信息更丰富在文中均无依据。

31. C

解析:最后一段作者承认数字媒体有教育作用,但强调“for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same”,即当需要心理专注和反思时,不能认为所有媒体效果相同。结合前文论证纸质阅读的优势,作者暗示纸质文本在教育中具有不可替代的作用。选项C正确。A“学生应用多种学习技巧虽合理但非作者强调的重点;B“教师应制作自己的教材D“课外教育不能被忽视文中未提及。

二、高考英语词汇积累

comprehension /ˌkɒmprɪˈhenʃn/ n. 理解力;理解

onscreen /ˌɒnˈskriːn/ adj. 屏幕显示的

identical /aɪˈdentɪkl/ adj. 完全相同的

concentration /ˌkɒnsnˈtreɪʃn/ n. 专注力;集中

tendency /ˈtendənsi/ n. 趋势;倾向

multitask /ˌmʌltiˈtɑːsk/ v. 一心多用;多任务处理

confirm /kənˈfɜːm/ v. 证实;确认

pose /pəʊz/ v. 提出;造成

abstraction /əbˈstrækʃn/ n. 抽象;抽象思维

inference /ˈɪnfərəns/ n. 推理;推断

property /ˈprɒpəti/ n. 特性;属性;财产

distinct /dɪˈstɪŋkt/ adj. 清晰的;截然不同的

hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθəsɪs/ n. 假说;假设

mental /ˈmentl/ adj. 脑力的;心理的

engaging /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ/ adj. 吸引人的

demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/ v. 证明;展示

maximize /ˈmæksɪmaɪz/ v. 最大化;充分利用

reflection /rɪˈflekʃn/ n. 思考;反思;反射

assume /əˈsjuːm/ v. 假定;认为;承担

educational /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃənl/ adj. 教育的;有教育意义的

effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ 有效的

material /məˈtɪəriəl/ 材料,素材

entertainment /ˌentəˈteɪnmənt/ 娱乐

mindset /ˈmaɪndset/ 心态,思维模式

digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/ 数字的

consume /kənˈsjuːm/ 消费,消耗

benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ 益处,好处

particularly /pəˈtɪkjələli/ 特别地,尤其

experimenter /ɪkˈsperɪməntə(r)/ 实验者

identify /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/ 识别,确定

require /rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/ 需要

literal /ˈlɪtərəl/ 字面的,逐字的

physical /ˈfɪzɪkl/ 物理的,身体的

visual /ˈvɪʒuəl/ 视觉的

geography /dʒiˈɒɡrəfi/ 地理,布局

aspect /ˈæspekt/ 方面

propose /prəˈpəʊz/ 提出,提议

theory /ˈθɪəri/ 理论

audio /ˈɔːdiəʊ/ 音频

video /ˈvɪdiəʊ/ 视频

engage /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/ 吸引,参与

university /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/ 大学

increasingly /ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli/ 越来越多地

assign /əˈsaɪn/ 分配,布置

psychologist /saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst/ 心理学家

demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/ 证明,展示

resource /rɪˈsɔːs/ 资源

available /əˈveɪləbl/ 可获得的

三、文中词块积累

relate to ……相关;涉及

a variety of 各种各样的

mental effort 脑力投入;心智努力

draw inferences from ……中推理推断

physical properties 物理特性

link…to… …………联系起来

devote effort to ……投入精力

turn to 求助于;使用;转向

be suited to 适合;适配

learning technique 学习方法

replace with ……取代

call for 需要;要求

shine through 凸显;明显显现

identical pieces 相同内容

tend to do 倾向于做某事

a large amount of 大量的

move from...to... 转向

be related to 相关

along with 连同,以及

as far as 程度

be identical to 相同

even if / even though 即使

feel more engaging than 更有吸引力

mental focus 心理专注

in education 在教育中

cannot be entirely replaced 不能被完全替代

四、长难句分析

长难句1

原句:The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.

结构分析:

主句:The benefits of print reading particularly shine through

时间状语从句:when experimenters move from...to...

插入语:like... / such as... 举例

定语从句:that require mental abstraction 修饰先行词ones

译文:当实验任务从概括文章主旨这类简单题型,转变为需要抽象思维的题型(例如从文本中推理隐含信息)时,纸质阅读的优势就会格外明显。

长难句2

原句:According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.

结构分析:

主干:people approach...and devote... 并列谓语

后置定语:suited to social media 修饰mindset

非限制性定语从句:which are often not so serious 修饰social media

比较状语:than when they are reading print

译文:根据该理论,人们会用适配社交媒体的心态阅读电子文本,这种心态往往不够严肃,人们投入的脑力也少于阅读纸质读物时。

长难句3

原句:However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.

结构分析:

目的状语:for maximizing learning

定语从句:where mental focus and reflection are called for 修饰learning

宾语从句:(that) all media are the same

让步状语从句:even when they contain identical words

译文:但在需要高度专注与深度思考、以求高效学习的场景中,教育者不能默认所有媒介效果相同,即便它们的文字内容完全一致。

长难句4

原句:People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.

结构分析:

固定搭配:link A to B AB联系起来

宾语从句1what they’ve read of的宾语

宾语从句2/3how far... / where it was... 作介词to的宾语

译文:人们常常会把阅读记忆与内容在书中的进度、所在页码位置绑定。

长难句5

However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces.

结构分析:

主句“psychologists have demonstrated that...”,其中“that”引导宾语从句。

宾语从句中嵌套“when”引导的时间状语从句“when adults read news stories”,主句为“they remember more...”“than”引导比较状语从句“than if they listen to...”,省略了“they would remember”,完整为“than they would remember if they listen to...”

译文:然而,心理学家已经证明,当成年人阅读新闻故事时,他们记住的内容比他们听或看相同内容时要多。

五、全文及题干,选项翻译

屏幕阅读与纸质阅读的理解效果是否一致?当学习相同内容时,收听、观看影音资料的效果是否和阅读书面文字一样?这两个问题的答案通常都是否定的。造成这种差异的原因涉及诸多因素,包括专注力下降、娱乐化心态,以及人们浏览数字内容时一心多用的习惯。

阅读数百字及以上的长篇文本时,纸质阅读的学习效果普遍优于屏幕阅读。大量研究都证实了这一结论。当实验任务从概括文章主旨这类简单题型,转变为需要抽象思维的题型(例如从文本中推理隐含信息)时,纸质阅读的优势就会格外明显。

纸质阅读与数字阅读的效果差异,部分源于纸张的物理特性。阅读纸质书时,我们会实实在在用手触碰书页,同时能清晰看到分页的视觉布局。人们常常会把阅读记忆与内容在书中的位置、所在页码绑定。

但心理层面的因素同样重要。阅读研究人员提出了浅层阅读假说。该理论认为,人们会用刷社交媒体的轻松心态阅读电子文本,对待电子内容不够严肃,投入的脑力远少于阅读纸质读物时。

音频和视频内容往往比文字更具吸引力,因此高校教师越来越多地使用这类多媒体教学手段——比如布置线上讲座,代替同一作者的书面文章。然而心理学家证实,成年人阅读新闻时,对文字内容的记忆效果要好于收听、观看相同内容的影音素材。

电子文本、音频和视频都具备教育价值,尤其能够提供纸质书籍中没有的学习资源。但如果想要实现高效深度学习、需要高度专注与深度思考时,教育者不能默认所有媒介效果相同,即便它们呈现的文字内容完全一致。

题干+选项 完整翻译

28. 第二段划线短语 “shine through” 是什么意思?

A. 似乎难以长久持续

B. 似乎难以解释

C. 准备投入使用

D. 变得显而易见、容易察觉

29. 浅层阅读假说的观点是什么? 

A. 读者轻视、敷衍对待电子文本

B. 电子文本理解起来更简单

C. 人们随意(randomly)挑选电子文本

D. 电子文本适配社交媒体

30. 为什么高校教师越来越多地使用音视频教学? 

A. 能够吸引学生注意力

B. 备课准备更加便捷

C. 有助于培养高阶能力

D. 比文字包含更多信息

31. 作者在最后一段暗示(imply)了什么?

A. 学生应结合多种学习方法

B. 教师需要自主编写教材

C. 纸质文本在教育中无法被完全取代

D. 课外教育不容忽视(ignore)

需要的可以进群下载纸质稿直接打印练习。

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