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中考英语12选10【词语运用B】
三步法满分解题攻略
底层逻辑：读懂，选对，变准！保证语义通顺，逻辑连贯！
做题原则：先易后难！变一步！在12个词中选择10个，有两个多余项。
做题步骤：
1.快速扫读全文（了解文章主旨、体裁、时态）
2.给选项标词性（圈画动词，其余做基本变形）
3.三定法逐空判断
A.定词性（大幅缩小选词范围）
B.定词义（逻辑通顺并划词）
C.定词形（正确变形稳拿分）
4.代入通读检查
考察内容：
不变形：介词，连词，疑问/关系代词
v：时态，语态，非谓语
n.: 复数，所有格，形容词
Adj: adv， 比较级，最高级
人称代词：主格，宾格，形物代，名物代，反身代词
基数词：序数词，频率副词
一、动词
（看主谓，定语态；看时间，定时态；看主语，定单复！）
时/语/非 | 时态 | 动词形式 | 标志词 |
时态 | 一现 | am/is/are do, does | always，usually，often，sometimes，seldom、never;once/twice/three times…a week/month/year; every day/week/year/…、on weekends、on Sundays |
一过 | was/were did | ...ago、yesterday...、last ...;in+过去时间、just now、in the past;long long ago、once upon a time | |
一将 | will do | tomorrow...、next week/month/year…soon、sooner or later 、in five days、in the future | |
现进 | am/is/are doing | now、right now 、these days、listen、look、at the moment、at present，at this time | |
过进 | was/were doing | at this time yesterday、at that time、all night、at ten last night | |
现完 | have/has done | already、yet、ever、never、just Since+时间点、for+时间段、 so far、up to now、recently、lately; in the past/last few years、over the years | |
被动语态 (be done) ...by(被）... | 一现被动 | am/is/are+done | |
一过被动 | was/were+done | ||
一将被动 | will be +done | ||
情态被动 | 情态动词+be+done | ||
非谓语 | to do （表将来，表目的） | afford、choose、decide、hope、learn、manage、plan、prepare、promise、refuse、want、fail…+to do tell、encourage 、advise、allow、ask、cause、wish…+sb. to do sth. | |
doing （表进行，表主动） | suggest、finish、practice、 enjoy、 imagine、 keep、 mind、 feel like 、give up、can't help、have difficulty in、be halfway to、 look forward to… doing sth./ 介词+ving | ||
done | （表完成，表被动） |
二、名词（不裸奔）
1.变复数（-s/-es): 前面有some/many/a few/one of.../a lot of/lots of...
2.变所有格（-’s/ -s’)：一般空后有名词
3.变形容词：-able / -ible、-y、-ful、-less、-al、-ive、-ous、-ly、-ing
n.+-able / -ible: comfort→comfortable
n.+y: rain → rainy；wind → windy; luck→lucky
n.+ful: peace → peaceful；color → colorful; help→helpful;
n.+less: hope → hopeless, care→careless; use→useless
n.+al: music → musical；nature→natural; culture→cultural
n.+ly: friend → friendly；love → lovely
n.+ous: danger → dangerous; humor→humorous
n.+ten: gold → golden; wood→wooden
n.+ern: west → western
三、形容词
判断：1.a/an/the +adj. +n.
2.be/感官动词（sound/feel/taste/smell/smell)/不定代词+adj.
3.more/the most +adj.
1.变副词→（所在句子完整，即有动词）
标志词：adv.修饰 v./adj./句子
规则：+-lysad-sadly
辅+y结尾，变y为i，再加-lylucky—luckily
辅+le结尾，去e加-y terrible—terribly
其他变化true—truly full—fully
2.变比较级：比较级+than...
the+比较级，the+比较级
比较级and 比较级
much/a lot/a little/a bit/even +比较级
3.变最高级：
A+谓语+ the +adj.最+（名词）+ of/ in+范围
one of+ the +最高级+c.n.复
序数词和最高级连用
4.- ed/-ing
v→ adj. （固定搭配） | v. | -ed(人做主语,感到...） | -ing（物作主语,令人...） |
interest | interested | interesting | |
surprise | surprised | surprising | |
excite | excited | exciting | |
relax | relaxed | relaxing | |
bore | bored | boring | |
tire | tired | tiring | |
worry | worried | worrying | |
please | pleased | pleasing | |
satisfy | satisfied | satisfying | |
amaze | amazed | amazing | |
embarrass | embarrassed | embarrassing | |
disappoint | disappointed | disappointing | |
move | moved | moving | |
shock | shocked | shocking |
四、代词
人称代词 | 物主代词 | 反身代词 | ||
主格 | 宾格 | 形物代 | 名物代 | |
I | me | my | mine | myself |
you | you | your | yours | yourself/ yourselves |
he | him | his | his | himself |
she | her | her | hers | herself |
it | it | its | its | itself |
we | us | our | ours | ourselves |
they | them | their | theirs | themselves |
（1）.主格做主语，宾格作宾语/表语 E.g. I love him/her/them.
（2）.形物代+n.=名物代 e.g. This is my book= This book is mine.
（3）.主宾人称一致，用反身代词：
固定短语：
enjoy oneself 玩的开心 teach oneself 自学
hurt oneself 伤到自己 help oneself to随便吃/用 by oneself独自地
五、数词
1.基数词变序数词（表示第几） the +序数词+n.
one-first； two-second； three-third
five-fifth; eight-eighth; nine-ninth;
twelve- twelfth
分数表达：four/fifths 4/5
分子（基数词）>1 /分母（序数词）+ s
2.基数词变频率副词one-once two-twice
-END-
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