高二英语试题
（考试时间120分钟，满分150分）
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the woman sound?
A. Sorry.
B. Annoyed.
C. Indifferent.
2. What did the woman forget to bring with her?
A. Her computer.
B. Her train ticket.
C. Her phone charger.
3. Which subject has the man finished homework for?
A. Maths.
B. Science.
C. History.
4. What time is it now?
A. It’s 3:00 p.m.
B. It’s 4:00 p.m.
C. It’s 5:00 p.m.
5. What does the woman mainly mean?
A. She won’t work for the man.
B. She forgot to call the man back.
C. She wants the man to pay more.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man teach the woman video chatting?
A. He will work abroad.
B. He wants to save money.
C. He bought her a new videophone.
7. What does the woman think of learning video chatting?
A. Useless.
B. Difficult.
C. Interesting.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is Dan worried about at first?
A. His family.
B. His biology paper.
C. His birthday party.
9. What will Sue do over the weekend?
A. Work on her schoolwork.
B. Read at the library.
C. Attend a party.
10. Whose birthday is coming soon?
A. Sue’s grandmother’s.
B. Sue’s mother’s.
C. Sue’s uncle’s.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where are the speakers?
A. At a bank.
B. At an office.
C. At a clothing studio.
12. What is the man doing?
A. Raising money for his business.
B. Designing clothes for the woman.
C. Persuading the woman to buy less clothes.
13. How does the man find the future of his company?
A. Discouraging.
B. Promising.
C. Uncertain.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. A watch.
B. A camera.
C. A crime.
15. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Policewoman and citizen.
B. Neighbors.
C. Friends.
16. What did the man notice?
A. A loud noise.
B. A white car.
C. A piece of jewelry.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How often does the speaker meet the group?
A. Every day.
B. Every five days.
C. Every seven days.
18. What will be grown this time?
A. Flowers.
B. Fruits.
C. Vegetables.
19. What does the speaker want the listeners to do?
A. Welcome each other.
B. Exercise every day.
C. Enjoy themselves.
20. What is the speaker probably?
A. A gardening teacher.
B. A building designer.
C. A fitness trainer.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Dear Teachers and Parents,
This June, during Financial Literacy Month, we have some to share.
In 2015, a free online financial education course named FutureSmart was introduced to middle school students, specifically targeting this group at a time in their lives when financial habits take hold and grow.
Fast forward to today, FutureSmart, available in English and Spanish, has reached over 13,000 schools across all 50 states. More than two million students have completed the course, with almost half coming from low-to-moderate income families.
But we aren’t stopping there. We promise to reach four million more students by the end of 2026.
Why? Because this moment calls for brave action. Never before have money management and investment decisions been so easy to conduct at any time or place through the use of a smartphone. It is time to offer students more critical financial literacy education to encourage them to make good financial decisions on a daily basis as they make their way through a complex world.
From weighing opportunity costs to delaying instant satisfaction for long-term financial gain, FutureSmart educates our youth using hands-on simulations to introduce concepts like daily financial decisions and the rewards of long-term planning. Teaching young learners how to build solid financial foundations is an important step in constructing financially healthy communities.
Although our work is far from complete, we know that FutureSmart works. And it works exceptionally well.
In the largest study of its kind, supported by the MassMutual Foundation and EVERFI, the University of Massachusetts Donahue Institute (UMDI) recently concluded that 90% of students saw a statistically significant and educationally meaningful increase in knowledge after taking the FutureSmart course.
What’s more, these results were consistent across all student demographics including race, age, gender, school year, and socioeconomic status.
We have a long way to go to reach every single middle school student, but we welcome the challenge. Together, our teams have started a movement to provide equal access to financial education, and we invite others to join us.
Visit getfuturesmart.com to learn more and see how you can bring FutureSmart to the young people in your life.
MICHAEL FANNINGRAY MARTINEZ
Head of MassMutual US President and Co-Founder of EVERFI
21. The course FutureSmart _______.
A. is offered in two different languages
B. requires skillful smartphone operation
C. has been used by four million students
D. targets students from low-to-moderate income families
22. How does FutureSmart introduce financial concepts?
A. By delaying financial gain.
B. By simulating real-life situations.
C. By managing opportunities and rewards.
D. By establishing financially healthy community.
23. After taking the course, the students should be able to ______.
A. improve their academic performance
B. accept financial challenges at any time
C. connect with people from various backgrounds
D. build a stable financial foundation for the future
B
When she was young, Sylvia Colt-Lacayo noticed she was particularly fascinated with on-screen stories. Media offered an escape when life was hard.
Watching Glee, she was thrilled to see a character who used a wheelchair like her — until she learned the role was played by an actor who was not disabled. “I remember feeling so heartbroken and betrayed, for no reason other than the fact that I felt seen for once as a 10-year-old watching Glee, and the power of that,” says Colt-Lacayo.
Now, Colt-Lacayo is graduating from Stanford with a degree in film and media studies and is heading to Hollywood with a passion for increasing disability representation and diversity in general. “Representation matters, and I also think that diverse storytelling is what is most compelling,” she said.
Representation shaped Colt-Lacayo’s path to Stanford. As a disabled Latina girl, she struggled to imagine going to college, in part because she never saw adult wheelchair users in the media. In high school, she met another Stanford student who was also a wheelchair user at a conference. Suddenly, a new story felt possible.
When she arrived at Stanford, Colt-Lacayo knew she was often the first visibly disabled student her professors and peers had interacted with. Her parents had taught her to advocate for herself, and while she doesn’t claim the label “activist”, she asks for what she needs.
“Yes, there’s something that is in my DNA that makes my body different from other people’s. But really, what makes me disabled is that people treat me differently, and I do not have equal access to resources,” she said.
She brought this perspective to her Stanford experience. For her senior thesis, she wrote a screenplay examining how growing up with a disability impacts one’s relationship with oneself and one’s understanding of the world.
Colt-Lacayo aims to become an agent for screenwriters and film directors. She hopes that sharing her story gives others the example she wished for when she was young.
24. How did Colt-Lacayo initially feel while watching Glee?
A. Overjoyed and inspired.
B. Honored and confident.
C. Heartbroken and betrayed.
D. Sorrowful and sympathetic.
25. What helped Colt-Lacayo picture herself going to college?
A. Her keen interest in films and media.
B. Diverse stories she heard about disability.
C. An example of a disabled Stanford student.
D. A passion for increasing disability representation.
26. What insight did Colt-Lacayo gain about living with a disability?
A. It naturally leads one to grow into a social activist.
B. It mainly involves overcoming physical limitations.
C. It offers special advantages for accessing resources.
D. It influences one’s outlook on the world and oneself.
27. What is the best title of the text?
A. Telling Stories That Matter
B. Speaking up for Equality
C. Struggling to Enter Stanford
D. Conquering Physical Challenges
C
Imagine this. You need an image of a balloon for a work presentation and turn to an AI text-to-image generator, like Midjourney or DALL-E, to create a suitable image. You enter the prompt “red balloon against a blue sky” but the generator returns an image of an egg instead.
What’s going on? The generator you’re using may have been “poisoned”. What does this mean? Text-to-image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images. Some of the generators have been trained by randomly scraping online images, many of which may be under copyright. This has led to many copyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work.
This is also where the idea of “poison” comes in. Researchers who want to empower individual artists have recently created a tool named “Nightshade” to fight back against unauthorized image scraping. The tool works by slightly changing an image’s pixels (像素) in a way that confuses the computer vision system but leaves the image unchanged to a human’s eyes. If an organization then scrapes one of these images to train a future AI model, its data pool becomes “poisoned”. This can result in mistaken learning, which makes the generator return unintended results. As in our earlier example, a balloon might become an egg.
The higher the number of “poisoned” images in the training data, the greater the impact. Because of how generative AI works, the damage from “poisoned” images also affects related prompt keywords. For example, if a “poisoned” image of a Picasso work is used in training data, prompt results for masterpieces from other artists can also be affected.
Possibly, tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally upload “poisoned” images in order to confuse AI generators. But the Nightshade’s developer hopes the tool will make big tech companies more respectful of copyright. It does challenge a common belief among computer scientists that data found online can be used for any purpose they see fit.
Human rights activists, for example, have been concerned for some time about the indiscriminate use of machine vision in wider society. This concern is particularly serious concerning facial recognition. There is a clear connection between facial recognition cases and data poisoning, as both relate to larger questions around technological control. It may be better to see data poisoning as an innovative solution to the denial of some fundamental human rights.
28. What does the underlined word “scraping” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Promoting.
B. Collecting.
C. Damaging.
D. Polishing.
29. According to the passage, what may adding poisoned data lead to?
A. Increasing the accuracy of returned information.
B. Causing users to forget the prompt key words.
C. Affecting the training of generative AI.
D. Discriminating against great masterpieces.
30. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A. Data poisoning is somehow justified to direct attention to human rights.
B. Computer scientists have learned to respect the copyright of most artists.
C. Nightshade is being abused by human rights activists to recognize faces.
D. The issue of technological governance has aroused the lawyers’ interest.
31. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. Data Poisoning: Restricting Innovation or Empowering Artists
B. Data Poisoning: Risks and Rewards of Generative AI Data Training
C. Data Poisoning: Addressing Facial Recognition Issues Among Artists
D. Data Poisoning: Government Empowering Citizens to Protect Themselves
D
A few years ago, the City Council of Monza, Italy, barred (禁止) pet owners from keeping goldfish in curved fishbowls. The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in such a bowl because the curved sides give the fish a distorted view of reality. Aside from the measure’s significance to the poor goldfish, the story raises an interesting philosophical question: How do we know that the reality we perceive is true?
Physicists are finding themselves in a similar trouble to the goldfish’s. For decades they have been pursuing an ultimate theory of everything — one complete and consistent set of fundamental laws of nature that explain every aspect of reality. It now appears that this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected theories, each describing its own version of reality, as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl. This concept may be difficult for many people to accept. Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that our senses and our science directly convey information about the material world. In philosophy, that belief is called realism.
In physics, realism is becoming difficult to defend. Instead, the idea of alternative realities is a mainstay of today’s popular culture. For example, in the science-fiction film The Matrix the human race is unknowingly living in a simulated virtual reality created by intelligent computers. How do we know we are not just computer-generated characters living in a Matrix-like world? If — like us — the beings in the simulated world could not observe their universe from the outside, they would have no reason to doubt their own pictures of reality.
Similarly, the goldfish’s view is not the same as ours from outside their curved bowl. For instance, because light bends as it travels from air to water, a freely moving object that we would observe to move in a straight line would be observed by the goldfish to move along a curved path. The goldfish could form scientific laws from their frame of reference that would always hold true and that would enable them to make predictions about the future motion of objects outside the bowl. If the goldfish formed such a theory, we would have to admit the goldfish’s view as a reasonable picture of reality.
The goldfish example shows that the same physical situation can be modeled in different ways, each employing different fundamental elements and concepts. It might be that to describe the universe we have to employ different theories in different situations. It is not the physicist’s traditional notion for a theory of nature, nor does it correspond to our everyday idea of reality. But it might be the way of the universe.
32. Why were pet owners in Monza barred from keeping goldfish in curved fishbowls?
A. The goldfish can’t see through the curved fishbowls to the outside world.
B. Curved fishbowls may interfere with the fish’s natural sense of movement.
C. Curved fishbowls may cause the fish to have a false perception of the environment.
D. The curved shape of the fishbowls may disrupt the fish’s normal orientation system.
33. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?
A. The conventional insight of reality.
B. The lasting conflict in physics.
C. The existence of the material world.
D. The need for a complete theory.
34. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Nature’s mysteries are best left undiscovered.
B. An external world is independent of the observers.
C. People’s theories are influenced by their viewpoints.
D. It is essential to figure out which picture of reality is better.
35. According to the passage, the author may agree that ______.
A. various interpretations of the universe are welcomed
B. physicists have a favorite candidate for the final theory
C. multiple realities can be pieced together to show the real world
D. there is still possibility to unify different theories into a single one
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Does the thought of bungee jumping off a tall bridge or standing on the top of a ladder make you nervous? If your fear of heights is intense, you might have acrophobia. 36 Because of the intensity of this fear, people with acrophobia often avoid any situation that involves heights.
37 Feeling panic at heights, instinctively seeking something to hold and distrusting one’s balance are all emotional symptoms. Physically, when you are at heights, you may have problems like chest pain, rapid breathing, and nausea. As for behavioral symptoms, you will begin to be afraid of situations that may cause you to spend time in high places. For example, you may put off home repairs for fear of using a ladder.
Evidence suggests a fear of heights that begins in childhood usually improves within a few years. 38 The condition also frequently co-occurs alongside other conditions, including anxiety and depression.
Avoiding situations where you might be exposed to high places can affect your normal life a lot. So it’s extremely important to have your acrophobia professionally treated as quickly as possible. 39
Traditionally, actual exposure to heights is the most common solution to acrophobia. However, a study demonstrated that virtual reality may be just as effective. It can save both cost and time, as there is no need for on-location therapist accompaniment. 40 However, with the costs of virtual reality equipment coming down, it will likely be easier to access as time goes on.
A. This method is not available everywhere.
B. A certain amount of fear around heights is normal.
C. Effective treatments can help you overcome your fear.
D. Acrophobia makes people extremely fearful in high places.
E. This is especially true if heights are a regular part of your life.
F. Acrophobia can cause emotional, physical, and behavioral symptoms.
G. In contrast, acrophobia that develops in adulthood often lasts a lifetime.
第三部分语言知识运用（共四节，满分55分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
From the time I tagged along with Daddy to flea markets, I’ve adored antiques. Yesterday’s treasures ground us in what’s lasting and true.
Then I heard about a 41 antiques venue: the tiny Texas town Round Top. Antiques dealer and show promoter Ella Lee Turney invited the best dealers to 42 their antiques for one week. Some 6,000 vintage enthusiasts 43 there.
So in 1995, I went to see what all the fuss was about. Highway 237, a two-lane country road, was 44 with vendor tents. I hadn’t gone four yards when I 45 a small brown-and-yellow teapot. Majolica! I’d only seen the European china in magazines. Two tents down, a seen-better-days farm table 46 me. I felt a connection with its 47 top and carved initials. “Chips and cracks are where the 48 is,” the vendor said. I rubbed shoulders with shoppers and left with great 49.
I loved it all so much, and I returned five years ago.
Ella Lee Turney 50 this year, but she lived to see her idea become a global 51, with thousands of antique vendors. The sign welcoming visitors says Round Top’s population is 90, but 52 during Antiques Week in April and October 53 to 90,000.
This here’s a perfect shelter of the world’s finest “junk”. I’d come for vintage finds. But there’s something that couldn’t be put in a 54: the assurance that there’s nothing that can’t be repurposed for greater glory. The magic of Round Top 55 me. Ninety-one people can’t bewrong!
41.A. normalB. fantasticC. culturalD. potential
42.A. show offB. hand overC. bring backD. pick out
43.A. traffickedB. livedC. assistedD. flocked
44.A. connectedB. decoratedC. packedD. challenged
45.A. realizedB. grantedC. spoiledD. spotted
46.A. called toB. went afterC. dawned onD. took to
47.A. strangeB. wornC. specialD. fragile
48.A. expertB. evidenceC. designerD. story
49.A. disappointmentB. reliefC. satisfactionD. regret
50.A. arrivedB. diedC. sponsoredD. settled
51.A. attractionB. goalC. phenomenonD. carnival
52.A. coverageB. populationC. attendanceD. report
53.A. sticksB. switchesC. swellsD. slides
54.A. heartB. showC. townD. suitcase
55.A. awakensB. includesC. refreshesD. fulfills
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Back then, I was a nervous new father. I felt overwhelmed by parenting books that intended to provide guidance 56 left me confused. I was at a loss about when to feed my son or 57 it was okay to let him sleep as long as he wanted. My friend, May, sensing my anxiety, texted me:“No book can replace your own 58 (observe). Just listen to your son and he 59 (teach) you how to be a father.”
That 60 (strike) me because I grew up believing children should not be seen or heard. I took 61 for granted that kids were insignificant and that they didn’t know anything. This mindset made me overlook the joys and lessons my son offered in the present. For the sake of tomorrow, I failed 62 (respect) what might amuse, amaze, anger and interest him today.
Things changed when I got down on my knees to his level and 63 (simple) listened. He shared his treasures — bird feathers, colored stones — and his dreams of traveling to the South Pole with a classmate.
Seven years later, I still appreciate May’s 64 (wise). Listening to my son has freed me from the pressure of parenting books and has deepened our bond, 65 (allow) me to respect who he is today and who he can become.
第三节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读以下句子，依据括号内的中文释义，在横线处填写正确的英文单词（选择性必修二Unit1-Unit3）
66.The thicker lava would have taken two weeks to ________ (凝固).
67.After winning the championship, the young athlete became a ________ (家喻户晓的) name overnight.
68.You can become a member by paying the yearly ________ (会员费).
69.Forecasters say the storms may not be as bad as they ________ (最初) predicted.
70.A deep sense of ________ (爱国主义) had been implanted in him by his father.
71.Some of the laws were ________ (矛盾的).Accordingly, measures were taken to clarify them.
72.She had reduced her ________ (消耗量) of fat and sugar to an absolute minimum.
73.The Consumer’s ________ (协会) blames poor hygiene standards.
74.Make a list of your child’s toys and then ________ (把…分类) them as sociable or antisocial.
75.Our problems ________ (成倍增加) since last year.
第四节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读以下句子，用括号内所给单词的正确形式或根据语境及固定搭配完成句子。
76. A prison sentence should match the ________ (severe) of the crime.
77. The first year provides students with a sound ________ (theory) basis for later study.
78. She was arrested by the local police on ________ (suspect) of murder.
79. Such cruelty can only ________ (sad) anyone with a heart.
80. There is a direct link between ________ (expose) to the sun and skin cancer, so try to avoid exposing your skin to the sun.
81. I applied for the post more in hope than ________ (expect).
82. There is no ________ (deny) that we should shift our unhealthy living habits such as going to bed late and taking irregular exercise.
83. The committee ________ (consist) of experts from different fields will make the final decision.
84. I tried to reach him, but the line ________ (engage).
85. I am terribly sorry for having you ________ (wait) for me for so long, because I had an urgent thing to attend to just now.
86. He could always find fault ________ something, either in my writing or in my personality.
87. She broke ________ in tears when she heard the news.
88. All the wooden fences around the campus ________ (tear) down by the time Jack returned to school from home.
89. It is high time that the government ________ (take) effective measures to protect wildlife from extinction.
90. My assistant’s first novel came ________, which made me proud of him.
第四部分书面表达（满分15分）
我们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．人物简介及事迹；
2．意义或启示。
注意：
1．写作词数应为100个左右；
2．题目已为你写好。
A Historical Figure in China
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