2026MTI真题 || 中国海洋大学

1.扫码 QR Code Scan

扫码是指通过智能手机等设备扫描二维码（Quick Response Code）来获取信息或完成操作的行为。二维码包含了数字或文字等信息，通过扫描可以快速访问指定的网页、下载应用、获取优惠券或参与活动等。扫码技术在现代生活中得到广泛应用，尤其是在电子支付、社交媒体互动和物流追踪等领域。

QR code scanning refers to the act of using devices such as smartphones to scan Quick Response Codes QR Codes to access information or perform actions. The QR code encodes data such as numbers or text, which can be quickly accessed for actions like visiting specific websites, downloading apps, receiving coupons, or participating in activities. QR code technology has become widely used in modern life, especially in fields such as electronic payments, social media interactions, and logistics tracking.

2.多边主义 Multilateralism

多边主义是一种国际关系理论，强调在全球事务中通过多个国家和国际组织的合作来解决问题，而不是依靠单边行动或双边协议。这种方法提倡通过集体协商和共同决策来应对全球性挑战，如气候变化、恐怖主义或国际贸易。多边主义的实践体现在联合国、世界贸易组织等国际机构中。

Multilateralism is an international relations theory that emphasizes solving global issues through the cooperation of multiple countries and international organizations, rather than relying on unilateral actions or bilateral agreements. This approach advocates for collective consultation and decision-making to address global challenges such as climate change, terrorism, or international trade. Multilateralism is embodied in international institutions such as the United Nations and the World Trade Organization.

3.芯片 Chip

芯片是指集成电路芯片，它是由多个微小电子组件组合而成的小型电子设备，广泛应用于计算机、手机、家电、汽车等各类现代电子产品中。芯片在数据处理、信号传输和控制等方面发挥着关键作用。随着科技的不断进步，芯片也越来越向着更小、更强大、更节能的方向发展。

A chip refers to an integrated circuit chip, a small electronic device made up of multiple tiny electronic components. Chips are widely used in various modern electronic products, including computers, smartphones, home appliances, and automobiles. Chips play a key role in data processing, signal transmission, and control. As technology advances, chips continue to evolve toward being smaller, more powerful, and energy-efficient.

4.压舱石 Ballast

压舱石是指船舶、飞行器或其他交通工具中用于保持平衡和稳定的重物。通常，压舱石通过增加重量来降低重心，使交通工具在海上或空中保持水平。压舱石不仅有助于防止翻覆，还能提高效率，减少能量消耗。

Ballast refers to the heavy material used in ships, aircraft, or other vehicles to maintain balance and stability. Typically, ballast is used to lower the center of gravity by adding weight, ensuring that the vehicle remains level while at sea or in the air. Ballast helps prevent capsizing and improves efficiency, reducing energy consumption.

5.接力棒 Relay Baton

接力棒是一种长条形的物品，在田径接力比赛中，由一名选手传递给下一名选手。它通常由轻便的材料制成，便于传递，并且必须在指定的交接区内完成交接。接力棒在比赛中象征着团队合作和快速交接的精确性。

Relay baton is a long, slender item used in relay races, passed from one runner to the next. Typically made from lightweight materials, it is easy to handle and must be exchanged within a designated exchange zone. The relay baton symbolizes teamwork and the precision of a quick handover in the race.

6.新型大国关系 New Type of Major-Power Relations

新型大国关系是指大国之间在平等、互信、互利的基础上，通过对话与合作解决国际争端，促进全球稳定与发展。不同于传统的大国竞争模式，新型大国关系提倡避免冲突、加强合作，推动共同利益，尤其是在经济、科技、安全等领域的互动。

New type of major-power relations refers to the relationship between major powers based on equality, mutual trust, and mutual benefit, aiming to resolve international disputes through dialogue and cooperation, and promoting global stability and development. Unlike traditional models of major-power competition, this approach advocates for avoiding conflicts, strengthening cooperation, and promoting shared interests, especially in areas such as economy, technology, and security.

7.绿色发展 Green Development

绿色发展是指在经济发展过程中，注重环境保护和资源的可持续利用，以实现人与自然的和谐共生。绿色发展强调低碳、循环、环保的生产与消费方式，旨在减少环境污染和资源浪费，推动社会经济的可持续发展。

Green development refers to economic development that focuses on environmental protection and the sustainable use of resources to achieve a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. Green development emphasizes low-carbon, circular, and environmentally friendly production and consumption methods, aiming to reduce pollution and resource waste while promoting sustainable social and economic growth.

8.气候变化 Climate Change

气候变化指的是地球气候系统长期以来由于自然因素和人类活动的影响而发生的变化。近年来，全球气温上升、极端天气事件频发、冰川融化等现象成为气候变化的重要标志。气候变化带来了严重的环境、经济和社会影响，全球范围内的应对措施成为当务之急。

Climate change refers to long-term changes in the Earth’s climate system due to both natural factors and human activities. In recent years, global temperature rise, frequent extreme weather events, and glacier melting have become significant indicators of climate change. Climate change brings severe environmental, economic, and social impacts, making global responses to it an urgent priority.

9.刻板印象 Stereotype

刻板印象是一种对某一群体或个体的固定看法或偏见，通常基于肤色、性别、文化等因素。刻板印象往往会导致不公平的评价和歧视，限制了人们对他人的理解和接纳。消除刻板印象是推动社会公平与包容的重要任务。

Stereotype refers to a fixed perception or bias about a particular group or individual, often based on factors such as skin color, gender, or culture. Stereotypes can lead to unfair judgments and discrimination, limiting people’s understanding and acceptance of others. Eliminating stereotypes is a crucial task in promoting social fairness and inclusivity.

10.经贸磋商 Economic and Trade Consultation

经贸磋商是指国家或地区之间就经济和贸易问题进行的正式讨论与协商。此类磋商通常涉及关税、市场准入、贸易政策等领域，旨在解决双方在经贸往来中的分歧与争议，促进合作与共赢。

Economic and trade consultation refers to formal discussions and negotiations between countries or regions regarding economic and trade issues. Such consultations typically involve areas such as tariffs, market access, and trade policies, aiming to resolve differences and disputes in economic and trade relations, while promoting cooperation and mutual benefit.

11.免税店 Duty-Free Shop

免税店是指在国际旅行过程中，消费者可以购买免除或减免某些税收的商品的商店。这类商店通常设立在机场、港口等国际交通枢纽，提供烟酒、香水、化妆品、电子产品等商品，吸引游客购物。

Duty-free shop refers to stores where travelers can purchase goods exempt from certain taxes. These shops are typically located at international transit hubs such as airports and ports, offering products like tobacco, alcohol, perfumes, cosmetics, and electronics to attract tourists.

12.带薪休假 Paid Leave

带薪休假是指雇员在一定时间内因个人原因如生病、度假等，获得工资支付的休息时间。带薪休假是现代劳动法中的一项重要福利，保障员工的身心健康，并提高工作效率和员工满意度。

Paid leave refers to a period of rest from work during which employees receive their regular wages, typically for personal reasons such as illness, vacation, or family matters. Paid leave is an important benefit under modern labor laws, ensuring employees' physical and mental well-being while also enhancing productivity and job satisfaction.

13.移动支付 Mobile Payment

移动支付是通过智能手机等移动设备进行的支付方式，用户可以通过扫描二维码、使用NFC（近场通信）技术或其他方式完成支付。移动支付极大地便利了日常生活，尤其在零售、餐饮、交通等领域得到广泛应用。

Mobile payment refers to the method of making payments using mobile devices such as smartphones. Users can complete transactions through QR code scanning, NFC Near Field Communication technology, or other means. Mobile payments have greatly facilitated daily life, especially in sectors such as retail, dining, and transportation.

14.反法西斯战争 Anti-Fascist War

反法西斯战争通常指的是第二次世界大战期间，盟国对抗法西斯轴心国的战争。这场战争不仅涉及军事冲突，还具有政治、意识形态和全球秩序的深刻影响，是人类历史上最为惨烈的战争之一。

Anti-fascist war typically refers to the conflict during World War II, where the Allied powers fought against the fascist Axis powers. This war involved not only military conflict but also had profound political, ideological, and global order impacts, making it one of the deadliest wars in human history.

15.零和博弈 Zero-Sum Game

零和博弈是指一种博弈理论模型，其中一个参与者的得益完全来自于另一个参与者的损失，即两者的总收益为零。这种博弈模式通常适用于资源有限的竞争环境，双方的利益是完全对立的。

Zero-sum game refers to a game theory model in which one participant's gain is exactly balanced by another participant's loss, meaning the total gain of all players is zero. This game model typically applies to competitive environments where resources are limited, and the interests of the parties are completely opposed.

16.东道主国家 Host Country

东道主国家是指在国际会议、体育赛事或其他国际活动中，承办和提供场地的国家。作为东道主，通常需要承担一定的组织和服务职责，并通过该活动展示其国际形象和影响力。

Host country refers to the country that organizes and provides the venue for international conferences, sports events, or other international activities. As the host, the country typically assumes certain organizational and service responsibilities, while also showcasing its international image and influence through the event.