一、动词类（22个）
1. address
熟义：n. 地址；演讲
例句：Please write down your name, address and telephone number clearly on the form.
生义：v. 处理；解决
真题原句：The report addresses the big challenges facing the city in the next decade.（2023新高考I卷阅读）
2. strike
熟义：v. 打击；罢工
例句：The workers decided to strike for better pay and safer working conditions.
生义：v. 给……印象；让……觉得
真题原句：It suddenly struck me that we had made a serious mistake in the plan.（2021全国乙卷完形）
3. shape
熟义：n. 形状；v. 塑造
例句：The child is shaping the soft mud into the shape of small animals.
生义：v. 影响；决定
真题原句：His early experiences shaped his character and his world view.（2022新高考I卷阅读）
4. ship
熟义：n. 船
例句：The big ship set sail across the Atlantic Ocean for America.
生义：v. 发送；寄出
真题原句：They promised to ship the goods within a week after receiving the order.（2020全国II卷阅读）
5. translate
熟义：v. 翻译
例句：He is trying to translate a classic Chinese novel into English.
生义：v. 转化；转变
真题原句：His years of hard work finally translated into great progress in his research.（2019全国I卷阅读）
6. practice
熟义：v. 练习
例句：You must practice speaking English every day to improve your fluency.
生义：v. 从事（职业）
真题原句：Women practicing law in the 19th century faced huge social prejudice.（2024新课标II卷阅读）
7. tailor
熟义：n. 裁缝；v. 定制服装
例句：The tailor made a perfect suit according to his measurements.
生义：v. 专门设计
真题原句：The plan is tailored to meet the special needs of disabled students.（2023全国甲卷阅读）
8. reject
熟义：v. 拒绝
例句：He rejected my reasonable suggestion without thinking twice.
生义：v. 剔除；拒收
真题原句：All the products that fail the strict quality test will be rejected.（2022全国乙卷七选五）
9. document
熟义：n. 文件
例句：You have to check and sign these important documents before leaving.
生义：v. 记录；记载
真题原句：The film documents the real lives of poor people in the countryside.（2021新高考I卷阅读）
10. engineer
熟义：n. 工程师
例句：His brother works as a senior engineer in a famous technology company.
生义：v. 设计；改造
真题原句：They engineered a new way to produce cheap and clean energy.（2024新课标I卷阅读）
11. farm
熟义：n. 农场
例句：They live and work on a big farm and keep many cows and sheep.
生义：v. 养殖；耕种
真题原句：The local villagers make a living by farming fish in the lake.（2020全国I卷阅读）
12. house
熟义：n. 房子
例句：They bought a new house with a beautiful garden last year.
生义：v. 容纳；收藏
真题原句：The old library houses more than two million books and materials.（2019全国II卷阅读）
13. leaf
熟义：n. 树叶
例句：The leaves turn yellow and fall down slowly from the trees in autumn.
生义：v. 翻阅
真题原句：She sat quietly and leafed through the novel on the desk.（2023新高考I卷阅读）
14. run
熟义：v. 跑
例句：He keeps running every morning to keep healthy and energetic.
生义：v. 经营；管理
真题原句：He runs a small shop selling local food and drinks near the school.（2022新高考II卷完形）
15. harvest
熟义：n. 收获
例句：The farmers are busy getting in the big harvest in early autumn.
生义：v. 收割；采摘
真题原句：The farmers there usually harvest tea leaves in early spring.（2023全国乙卷阅读）
16. launch
熟义：v. 发射
例句：China has successfully launched many man-made satellites into space.
生义：v. 发起；启动
真题原句：The school launched a program to encourage students to read more.（2024新高考I卷阅读）
17. bond
熟义：n. 纽带
例句：A strong emotional bond has been formed between the two old friends.
生义：v. 建立亲密关系
真题原句：The interesting activity helped the children bond with their parents.（2021全国甲卷完形）
18. tap
熟义：n. 水龙头
例句：Please remember to turn off the tap after washing your hands.
生义：v. 开发；利用
真题原句：We must try our best to tap the great potential of young people.（2023浙江卷阅读）
19. pose
熟义：n. 姿势
例句：She stood in a comfortable pose for the photographer to take photos.
生义：v. 造成；提出
真题原句：Climate change poses a serious threat to living things on Earth.（2022全国I卷阅读）
20. enter
熟义：v. 进入
例句：The teacher entered the classroom with a big smile on his face.
生义：v. 报名参加
真题原句：She decided to enter a national writing competition last term.（2020山东卷阅读）
21. promise
熟义：v. 承诺
例句：He promised to help me with my English after school every day.
生义：v. 有希望；预示
真题原句：The new project promises great improvements in people’s daily life.（2024新课标II卷阅读）
22. introduce
熟义：v. 介绍
例句：Allow me to introduce my best friend to you politely.
生义：v. 使初次了解；引入
真题原句：The course introduces students to basic computer skills.（2019全国III卷阅读）
二、名词类（18个）
23. breakdown
熟义：n. 故障；垮掉
例句：The sudden breakdown of our car made us late for the important meeting.
生义：n. 分类；明细
真题原句：Here is a detailed breakdown of the costs for the whole project.（2023天津卷阅读）
24. course
熟义：n. 课程
例句：She decided to take a summer course in computer science.
生义：n. 航向；一道菜
真题原句：The plane changed its course to avoid the big storm.（2022全国乙卷阅读）
25. charge
熟义：n. 收费
例句：The restaurant doesn’t charge extra money for hot water.
生义：n. 负责；掌管
真题原句：He took charge of the project after the former manager left.（2021全国乙卷完形）
26. issue
熟义：n. 议题
例句：The environment has become an important issue around the world.
生义：n.（期刊）一期
真题原句：The latest issue of the magazine is mainly about space.（2020全国II卷阅读）
27. volume
熟义：n. 体积
例句：The volume of this big box is about one cubic meter.
生义：n. 书籍；卷
真题原句：He spent the whole day reading a thick volume of history books.（2019浙江卷阅读）
28. escape
熟义：v. 逃跑
例句：The tiger escaped from the zoo last night and caused great fear.
生义：n. 解脱；消遣
真题原句：Reading is her favorite escape from the pressure of study.（2023新高考II卷阅读）
29. butt
熟义：n. 屁股
例句：The little boy fell down and hurt his butt badly.
生义：n.（果蔬）残端
真题原句：Cucumber butts can be reused in many creative and useful ways.（高考同源外刊）
30. plant
熟义：n. 植物
例句：We should plant more trees and green plants every year.
生义：n. 工厂
真题原句：The car plant produces thousands of cars every year.（2022全国甲卷阅读）
31. press
熟义：v. 按压
例句：Press this button gently and the machine will start working.
生义：n. 新闻界；媒体
真题原句：The important event attracted wide attention from the press.（2021北京卷阅读）
32. hit
熟义：v. 击打
例句：He hit the ball so hard that it flew out of the field.
生义：n. 成功之作
真题原句：The new play became a great hit across the whole country.（2020全国I卷阅读）
33. tip
熟义：n. 尖端
例句：The tip of the pencil is broken and needs sharpening.
生义：n. 建议；提示
真题原句：Here are some practical tips for improving your English.（2023全国甲卷七选五）
34. spring
熟义：n. 春天
例句：Spring is the best season to go out and enjoy the beauty of nature.
生义：n. 源泉；弹簧
真题原句：Reading is a great spring of wisdom and creativity.（2022新高考I卷阅读）
35. cause
熟义：v. 导致
例句：Carelessness often causes serious traffic accidents.
生义：n. 事业；目标
真题原句：She devoted all her life to the cause of education.（2024新课标I卷阅读）
36. interest
熟义：n. 兴趣
例句：She shows great interest in painting and music.
生义：n. 利益
真题原句：The new law is made to protect public interest.（2021全国乙卷阅读）
37. mine
熟义：pron. 我的
例句：This old English book is mine, not yours.
生义：n. 矿井
真题原句：They worked deep inside the coal mine every day.（2019全国III卷阅读）
38. condition
熟义：n. 状况
例句：The old car is still in good condition after years of use.
生义：n. 疾病
真题原句：He has been suffering from a rare heart condition.（2024新课标I卷完形）
39. property
熟义：n. 资产
例句：He owns a lot of property in the center of the city.
生义：n. 特性；性质
真题原句：The special chemical property of water supports life.（2024新课标I卷阅读）
40. piece
熟义：n. 碎片
例句：The glass fell onto the floor and broke into pieces.
生义：n. 文章；作品
真题原句：This piece was written by a famous young writer.（2022全国乙卷阅读）
三、形容词/副词类
41. green
熟义：adj. 绿色的
例句：The trees and grass turn green in warm spring.
生义：adj. 环保的
真题原句：We should try to live a green and low-carbon life.（2023全国乙卷写作）
42. staggering
熟义：adj. 摇晃的
例句：The drunk man was staggering slowly along the dark street.
生义：adj. 令人震惊的
真题原句：The number of visitors was really staggering.（2022新高考II卷阅读）
43. decent
熟义：adj. 体面的
例句：He always wears clean and decent clothes on formal occasions.
生义：adj. 尚可的；不错的
真题原句：They are trying to provide a decent life for their family.（2024新课标II卷阅读）
44. solid
熟义：adj. 固体的
例句：Ice is the solid form of water, while steam is its gas form.
生义：adj. 扎实的；可靠的
真题原句：He has a solid knowledge of science and math.（2021全国甲卷阅读）
45. sensitive
熟义：adj. 敏感的
例句：Some people are very sensitive to strong sunlight.
生义：adj. 易受影响的；需保护的
真题原句：The area is home to many rare and sensitive animals.（2023新高考I卷阅读）
46. original
熟义：adj. 最初的
例句：This is the original plan and we haven’t made any changes.
生义：adj. 原创的
真题原句：The museum displays many original works of art.（2020山东卷阅读）
47. still
熟义：adv. 仍然
例句：It was still raining heavily when I got up this morning.
生义：adj. 静止的
真题原句：She enjoys drawing still life in her spare time.（2022北京卷阅读）
48. dead
熟义：adj. 死亡的
例句：The poor old dog has been dead for five years.
生义：adj. 没电的
真题原句：My phone went dead suddenly on the way home.（2021新高考II卷完形）
49. subject
熟义：n. 科目
例句：My favorite subject at school is English.
生义：adj. 易遭受……的
真题原句：The plan is subject to change without notice.（2023天津卷阅读）
50. content
熟义：n. 内容
例句：The content of the storybook is very interesting.
生义：adj. 满足的
真题原句：She is quite content with her simple but peaceful life.（2022全国甲卷完形）
51. frequent
熟义：adj. 频繁的
例句：There are frequent bus services between the two cities.
生义：adj. 常去的
真题原句：This is a frequent meeting place for local artists.（高考同源外刊）
52. sharp
熟义：adj. 锋利的
例句：Be careful with that sharp knife; it may cut your finger.
生义：adj. 急剧的
真题原句：There has been a sharp drop in temperature recently.（2023全国乙卷阅读）
53. fair
熟义：adj. 公平的
例句：We must be fair to every student in class.
生义：adj. 晴朗的
真题原句：We had a fairly fair day for the school sports meeting.（2020全国II卷完形）
54. sound
熟义：n. 声音
例句：The soft sound of music made me feel relaxed.
生义：adj. 合理的；明智的
真题原句：We need a safe and sound plan to solve the problem.（2024新课标I卷阅读）
55. plain
熟义：adj. 平坦的
例句：There is a large and beautiful plain in the north.
生义：adj. 明显的
真题原句：It is plain that he needs more help and practice.（2022新高考I卷阅读
