1. 一般现在时被动语态
结构: am/is/are + done
1) 表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作
•English is spoken all over the world.
2) 表示客观事实、真理
•Trees are planted in spring.
2. 一般过去时被动语态
结构: was/were + done
1) 过去某一时间发生的被动动作
•The window was broken yesterday.
2) 过去习惯性被动动作
•The room was often cleaned.
3. 一般将来时被动语态
结构: 1) will be + done
2) am/is/are going to be + done
将来将要发生的被动动作
•A new bridge will be built next year.
•The project is going to be completed next month.
4. 中考高频注意点:
1)不及物动词无被动happen, take place, appear, rise…
•Great changes took place in my hometown last year. （去年我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。）
•An accident happened on the road yesterday. （昨天路上发生了一起事故。）
•The sun rises in the east.
The price rose last month.
❌ 错误例句(中考陷阱)：
❌ The sun was risen.（错! rise无被动）
❌ The accident was happened yesterday. (错! happen无被动)
❌ The meeting was taken place last week. (错! take place无被动)
2)有些动词既是及物动词(vt.)又是不及物动词(vi), 当做vi, 没有被动语态 improve, increase, drop, sell...
•improve 改善; 提高
-vi.(无被动): 情况自己变好
My English improved quickly. 我的英语进步很快。→ 不用 was improved
•increase 增加；增长
-vi.(无被动): 数量自己上升
The population increased last year. 去年人口增长了。
•drop下降, 落下
-vi.(无被动): 温度、价格自己下降
The temperature dropped suddenly.气温突然下降。
•sell 卖 - vi.(无被动): 好卖、畅销
The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。
3)感官/使役动词被动要加 to
主动语态：感官v. (see/hear/find...)sb do sth
被动语态: be seen/heard/found...+ to do
I often see him play basketball.
He is often seen to play basketball.
I heard her sing a song.
She was heard to sing a song.
主动语态：使役v. make/let sb do sth
被动语态: be made to do sth (let一般不用被动）
The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day. 老板强迫工人们每天工作12小时。
The workers were made to work 12 hours a day. 工人们被强迫每天工作12小时。
单选
1. Rice ______ in the south of China.
A. grow B. grows C. is grown
2. These magazines ______ from the library last week.
A. borrow B. were borrowed C. borrowed
3. A new sports center ______ in our city next year.
A. will build B. will be built C. builds
4. A funny story ______ at the party last night.
A. was told B. told C. was telling
5. Great changes ______ in this small town.
A. have taken place B. were taken place C. took place
6. This kind of flower ______ well.
A. sells B. is sold C. sold
7. We ______ not to smoke in public.
A. tell B. are told C. told
8. The boy was seen ______ on the playground just now. A. run B. to run C. ran
9. The students were made ______ extra homework. A. do B. to do C. doing
单词填空(用所给词适当形式填空), 并翻译。
1. Tea__________(drink) by many people all over the world.
2. This bridge___________(build) ten years ago.
3. A new movie____________(show)in the cinema next week.
4. The sports meeting____________(hold) next Friday.
5. These questions_____________(discuss) at yesterday’s meeting.
6. A car accident_____________(happen) on the road this morning.
7. When__________the meeting__________(take place)?
8. I often see her____________(exercise) English in the morning.
9. She is often heard_____________(read) English in the morning.
10. They were made______________(work) for ten hours a day.
答案解析:
单选
1. Rice ______ in the south of China.
• 答案：C. is grown
• 翻译：水稻在中国南方被种植。
• 解析：Rice（水稻）是不可数名词，视为单数；水稻自己不会种，是“被种植”，所以用一般现在时的被动语态（is + done）。grow的过去分词是grown。
2. These magazines ______ from the library last week.
• 答案：B. were borrowed
• 翻译：这些杂志上周从图书馆被借走了。
• 解析：时间状语是last week（上周），用一般过去时；magazines是复数，用were；杂志是“被借”，用被动语态。
3. A new sports center ______ in our city next year.
• 答案：B. will be built
• 翻译：明年一座新的体育中心将在我们城市被建造。
• 解析：时间状语是next year（明年），用一般将来时；体育中心是“被建造”，用被动语态（will be + done）
4. A funny story ______ at the party last night.
• 答案：A. was told
• 翻译：昨晚在派对上讲了一个有趣的故事。
• 解析：last night是过去时间；story（故事）是“被讲”，用一般过去时被动语态（was/were + done）。story是单数，用was。tell的过去分词是told。
5. Great changes ______ in this small town.
• 答案：A. have taken place
• 翻译：这个小镇发生了巨大的变化。
• 解析：【高频陷阱题】take place（发生）和 happen 一样，是不及物动词短语，没有被动语态。类似的还有“发生、出现、消失”等词。
6. This kind of flower ______ well.
• 答案：A. sells
• 翻译：这种花卖得很好。
• 解析：【高频考点】sell, wash, write, drive 等动词，当表示主语（物）的某种属性或状态（卖得好、好洗、好写）时，主动形式表示被动意义。不需要用is sold。
7. We ______ not to smoke in public.
• 答案：B. are told
• 翻译：我们被告知不要在公共场所吸烟。
• 解析：这是一条规则，用一般现在时；We和tell之间是被动关系（我们被告诉），所以用are told。
8. The boy was seen ______ on the playground just now.
• 答案：B. to run
• 翻译：刚才有人看见那个男孩在操场上跑步。
• 解析：【高频考点：感官动词被动】主动语态是 see sb do sth（看见某人做某事），省略to；但在被动语态中，省略的to 必须还原。即 sb be seentodo sth。
9. The students were made ______ extra homework.
• 答案：B. to do
• 翻译：学生们被迫做额外的作业。
• 解析：(使役动词被动) 主动语态是 make sb do sth（迫使某人做某事），省略to；但在被动语态中，to 必须还原。即 sb be made todo sth。
填空（用所给词适当形式填空）
1. Tea ________ (drink) by many people all over the world.
• 答案：is drunk(或 is drunken，但drunk更常用)
• 翻译：茶被全世界的人饮用。
• 解析：陈述事实用一般现在时；Tea不可数，单数；茶是“被喝”，用被动语态。
2. This bridge ________ (build) ten years ago.
• 答案：was built
• 翻译：这座桥是十年前建造的。
• 解析：ten years ago是过去时间；bridge是“被建造”，用一般过去时被动语态。
3. A new movie ________ (show) in the cinema next week.
• 答案：will be shown
• 翻译：下周电影院将上映一部新电影。
• 解析：next week是将来时间；movie是“被上映”，用一般将来时被动语态。
4. The sports meeting ________ (hold) next Friday.
• 答案：will be held
• 翻译：运动会将于下周五举行。
• 解析：next Friday是将来时间；meeting是“被举行”，用一般将来时被动语态。hold的过去分词是held。
5. These questions ________ (discuss) at yesterday’s meeting.
• 答案：were discussed
• 翻译：这些问题在昨天的会议上被讨论了。
• 解析：yesterday’s meeting是过去时间；questions是复数，且是“被讨论”，用一般过去时被动语态。
6. A car accident ________ (happen) on the road this morning.
• 答案：happened
• 翻译：今天早上路上发生了一起车祸。
• 解析：【高频陷阱题】happen 是不及物动词，无被动语态。this morning 已过去，用一般过去时的主动形式。
7. When ________ the meeting ________ (take place)?
• 答案：did; take place
• 翻译：会议是什么时候举行的？
• 解析：【高频陷阱题】take place无被动语态。询问过去的事情，用助动词did，后面动词用原形。
8. I often see her ________ (exercise) English in the morning.
• 答案：exercise
• 翻译：我经常看到她在早上练习英语。
• 解析：主动语态下，感官动词 see sbdosth（看见某人做某事的全过程或经常做），用动词原形。
9. She is often heard ________ (read) English in the morning.
• 答案：to read
• 翻译：人们经常听到她在早上读英语。
• 解析：被动语态下，感官动词 hear sb do sth 变为 sb be heardtodo sth，to要还原。
10. They were made ________ (work) for ten hours a day.
• 答案：to work
• 翻译：他们被迫每天工作十小时。
• 解析：被动语态下，使役动词 make sb do sth 变为 sb be madetodo sth，to要还原。
