典型句型
1 It的句型
不定式作主语，it作形式主语：
It +系动词+ adj./ n.+ for sb. to do (for sb.表示动词不定式动作的执行者)
It +系动词+ adj.+ of sb. to do (of sb.既表示动词不定式动作的执行者又表示人所具备的性质或特征)
1) It’s important for us to have a good knowledge of English.
2) It’s thoughtful of him to fix us up for the night.
不定式作宾语，it作形式宾语：
主语+ think/consider/believe/make/feel + it + adj. /n. +for sb./of sb. + to do
1) I feel it foolish of him to believe such a man.
2) The timely rain had made it possible for the crops to grow well.
It is said/thought/ hoped/ believed…that…
Sb. is said/thought/hoped/believed to do…
1) It is said that he is studying abroad.—> He is said to be studying abroad.
2) It is considered that many countries highly value China’s role in helping world’s peace.
= Many countries is considered to highly value China’s role in helping world’s peace.
It is time to do/It is time that +主语+动词的一般过去式，表示该是做…….的时候了。
1) It is time that we ended the discussion.
2. It was(not) +时间段+before +一般过去时“过了一段时间就……”
It will(not) be+时间段+before +一般现在时“要过一段时间才会……”
It is/ has been +时间段+ since…
It was+点时间+ when…
It was+时间状语+ that…（强调句）
1) It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.
不久他就意识到他处境危险。（动作已发生）
2) It will be half a year before you graduate from the school.
还有半年你才从这个学校毕业。（动作未发生）
3) It is 3 years since he worked here. = he left here.（since从句中的谓语动词若是延续性动词，要从这个动作结束的时候算起）
4) It was 3 o’clock when they received the telephone.
5) It was at 3 o’clock that they received the telephone.
3. once… 一旦……，表示时间和条件
1) Once you start, you will never give up.
2) Once you understand what the teacher explained, you will have no difficulty doing the work.
4. whether…or…无论是……还是……
1) Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned.
2) Any person, whether young or old, has his own worth.
5. every time/each time/next time/the first time/any time等短语引导时间状语从句
表示“每当，每次，下次，第一次，任何时候”。
1) Every time you meet with new words while reading, don’t always refer to your dictionary.
2) Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.
3) You are welcome to come back any time you want to.
6. not only…but (also)…
引导并列结构：作主语时，谓语动词与邻近的一个主语保持一致。
Not only the teacher but also the students have their eyes examined regularly.
not only... but (also)…引导并列句时，not only引导的部分置于句首时要部分倒装。
1) Not only was everything he had taken away, but also his German citizenship was taken away.
2) Not only should we students study hard, but also we should know how to enjoy ourselves in our spare time.
7. would rather +从句（从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式
表示现在或将来的愿望；从句中谓语动词用过去完成市，表示对过去的愿望）
1) I’d rather you posted the letter right now.我想让你现在就把信寄出去。
2) I’d rather I hadn’t seen her yesterday.我情愿昨天没见到她。
8. 倍数表达法：
A+谓语+倍数+ the + n.(size/ height/ length…) + of B
A+谓语+倍数+ as + abj. + as B
A+谓语+倍数+ adj.比较级+ than B
A +谓语+ adj.比较级+than B + by +倍数
1) This square is twice the size of that one.
This square is twice as large as that one.
This square is once larger than that one.
2) This factory produced three times as many cars as they did 10 years ago.
3) He is 3 years older than I.
He is older than I by 3 years.
9. here, there, in, out, up, down, away等副词开头的倒装句
(多用一般现在时表示正在进行的动作)。
1) Here comes the bus! (=The bus is coming here!)
2) Away he went.他走远了。(若主语是代词则主语与谓语不倒装)
10. 方位状语位于句首时的倒装句。
1) In front of the house stopped a police car.
2) Under the tree sat a boy, with a book in his hand.
11. the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, on doing…
表示“一……就”
1) On arriving (his arrival) at the airport, he was surrounded by the reporters.
2) — Have you give John the book? — Yes, the moment I saw him.
12. while/but：while侧重两者之间的对比，but多指一件事的两个对立面。
1) He likes listening to music while I like watching TV.
2) I badly wanted that book, but I haven’t enough money.
13. only +状语的结构放在句首，主句要部分倒装。
1) The teacher told me that only in that way, could I learn English well.
2) I received my mother’s call at 11 a.m., only then did I remember it was my birthday today.
14 taste, smell, look, sound, feel等感官动词作为系动词后面要接adj.作表语。
1) Apple of this kind tastes very nice.
2) Smelling nice, this kind of bread sells well.
15.有些动词常用作不及物动词与well或easily连用，表示某物具备的某种特征，
常用的词有sell, cut , wash, last, burn等。
1) His latest work sells well.
2) Dry wood burns easily.
16. rather than
① It is better to ask for help at the beginning rather than to wait until a busy period when everyone is rushed off their feet.
② It is the boss who is to blame rather than the workers.
16. 疑问词+ever = no matter +疑问词，引导让步状语从句或名词性从句
① Whichever(=No matter which) you like, you can take it away. (让步状语从句)
You can take away whichever(=any one that) you like. (名词性从句)
② Whenever you comes, you will be welcome. (让步状语从句)
③ Whatever happens, I will support you. (让步状语从句)
④ Whoever breaks the law, he will certainly be punished. (让步状语从句)
Whoever breaks the law will certainly be punished. (名词性从句)
⑤ However great the difficulty is, we can overcome it. (让步状语从句)
